Sources: July 29, 2025, Gaza’s Health Ministry reported 60,000+ fatalities, including around 31% children.

Independent research suggests the real death toll could be far higher. A Lancet study estimated 64,260 deaths from traumatic injuries between October 2023 and June 2024 alone, possibly rising to 70,000+ by October 2024, with women, children and elderly representing nearly 60% .

A survey by Nature suggests around 84,000 deaths by early January 2025.

The Economist estimates the undercount could be 46–107% higher than official figures, suggesting between 77,000 and 109,000 deaths, or 4–5% of Gaza’s pre-war population