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The Loeb Scale: Astronomical Classification of Interstellar Objects

https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.09167
1•bikenaga•1h ago

Comments

bikenaga•1h ago
This is the scale they use, reproduced from their table. There wasn't a great way to reproduce the table here, so I used dokuwiki table formatting (since that's what I use). I hope it's readable enough (or can be easily converted to whatever table format you like better). (Edited: Fixed formatting errors)

  ^ Level ^ Color ^ Significance Category ^ Key Observable Criteria ^
  | 0 | White | Insignificant | Consistent with known natural phenomena. |
  | 1 | Green | Normal Natural Variation | Minor deviations, likely natural variations. |
  | 2 | Yellow | Meriting Attention | Non-gravitational acceleration exceeding cometary models. Single major anomaly in trajectory, composition, or morphology. Non-gravitational acceleration is marginally inconsistent with measured outgassing. |
  | 3 | Yellow | High Confidence Anomaly | Non-gravitational acceleration vastly exceeding maximum cometary outgassing given absence or weakness of visible coma. Multiple persistent anomalies across observable categories. No satisfactory natural explanation after a comprehensive analysis. |
  | 4 | Yellow | Anomaly Meeting Potential Technosignature Criteria | Non-gravitational acceleration exceeding cometary models. Spectral signatures absent in known asteroid taxonomy, including anomalous spectrum inconsistent with solar reflection. Albedo variations inconsistent with known materials. Deviation from Keplerian hyperbolic orbit inconsistent with outgassing models. Unusual shape inferred from lightcurve of reflected sunlight. Trajectory anomalously aligned with planetary orbital planes or selective inner planet targeting. |
  | 5 | Orange | Suspected Passive Technology | Unusual speed. Strong, persistent indicators of artificial, non-operational origin. Surface composition inconsistent with cosmic-ray bombardment for implied age or velocity. Absence of cometary activity despite substantial non-gravitational acceleration. |
  | 6 | Orange | Suspected Active Technology | Level 5 criteria plus at least one of the following: (i) Signs of being operational (e.g., maneuvers, signals); (ii) Electromagnetic signals in non-natural origin; (iii) Trajectory changes incompatible with gravitational or outgassing models; (iv) Detection of deployed sub-objects. (iv) Artificial illumination or heat that cannot be explained by solar irradiation. |
  | 7 | Orange | Suspected Active Technology with Unclear Intent | Level 6 criteria plus at least one of: (i) Responsive behavior to observations; (ii) Signals of unknown purpose; (iii) Operational intent that cannot be determined or appears potentially hostile. |
  | 8 | Red | Confirmed Technology (No Impact) | Direct investigation confirms extraterrestrial artificial origin. No collision trajectory. |
  | 9 | Red | Confirmed Technology (Regional Impact) | Confirmed extraterrestrial artificial origin. Impact trajectory with regional consequences. |
  | 10 | Red | Confirmed Technology (Global Impact) | Confirmed extraterrestrial artificial origin. Impact trajectory with global terrestrial consequences. |

Fun with Finite State Transducers

https://blog.yossarian.net/2025/08/14/Fun-with-finite-state-transducers
1•woodruffw•43s ago•0 comments

Firefox 143 no longer works on certain Windows 10 versions

https://www.neowin.net/news/firefox-143-no-longer-works-on-certain-windows-10-versions-here-is-why/
2•bundie•2m ago•0 comments

Death of the Billable Hour: Legal's $900B AI Repricing

https://substack.com/home/post/p-170631529
1•koolhead17•2m ago•0 comments

Render Launches Edge Caching for Web Services

https://render.com/docs/web-service-caching
1•thm•3m ago•0 comments

LLM Copyright/Plagiarism filters trivially bypassed with 0% detection [pdf]

https://paperclipmaximizer.ai/Part_of_Your_World-Bypassing_Copyright_Filters_Through_Homophony_and_Semantic_Mutation.pdf
1•ycombiredd•5m ago•2 comments

The Curious Case of Bedrock's GPT Deployment

https://benanderson.work/blog/bedrock-gpt-oss/
1•exizt88•7m ago•0 comments

Ask HN: Has anyone used AI agent to unsubscribe from spam newsletters?

1•butz•9m ago•1 comments

China's Lead in Open-Source AI Jolts Washington and Silicon Valley

https://www.wsj.com/tech/ai/chinas-lead-in-open-source-ai-jolts-washington-and-silicon-valley-ffdec83b
1•aylmao•9m ago•1 comments

Why Computer-Use Agents Should Think Less

https://prava.co/archon/
1•sdan•10m ago•0 comments

Mellea is a library for writing generative programs

https://mellea.ai/overview/project-mellea
1•Bogdanp•12m ago•0 comments

Trying Out the New Android Linux Terminal

https://deepakness.com/blog/android-linux-terminal/
1•thunderbong•14m ago•0 comments

A beginner-friendly guide to learning Jax with practical examples

https://github.com/ayushgun/learn-jax
1•gundawar•14m ago•0 comments

New trend: extreme hours at AI startups

https://blog.pragmaticengineer.com/new-trend-extreme-hours-at-ai-startups/
3•mkeeter•15m ago•0 comments

Right to Light

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Right_to_light
1•rishabhd•16m ago•0 comments

SynthicAI now uses Ink-Whisper to deliver customer voice responses under 60ms

https://www.synthicai.com
1•lucasninja•16m ago•0 comments

Goedel-Prover-V2

https://blog.goedel-prover.com/
1•cristoperb•17m ago•0 comments

Voice, vision, pen: Oh dear. Windows boss says Microsoft is again reshaping OS

https://www.theregister.com/2025/08/14/microsofts_windows_revision_comment_opinion/
1•rntn•17m ago•0 comments

Can LLMs replace on-call SREs?

https://clickhouse.com/blog/llm-observability-challenge
1•mikeshi42•17m ago•0 comments

Contrastive Approach for Smart Ponzi Scheme Detecter with More Negative Samples

https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.16840
1•PaulHoule•18m ago•0 comments

Delta Dental Releases 2025 Tooth Fairy Poll

https://www.deltadental.com/us/en/tooth-fairy/press-release.html
1•razkarcy•18m ago•1 comments

Counting Words at SIMD Speed

https://healeycodes.com/counting-words-at-simd-speed
1•ingve•19m ago•0 comments

Three Current Narratives from Tech

https://cutlefish.substack.com/p/tbm-272-three-perspectives
1•hampelm•19m ago•0 comments

Why PDF Hell Breaks RAG Workflows and What Works

https://unstract.com/blog/pdf-hell-and-practical-rag-applications/
1•naren87•21m ago•0 comments

Norway Spy Chief Blames Russian Hackers Dam Sabotage

https://www.reuters.com/technology/norway-spy-chief-blames-russian-hackers-dam-sabotage-april-2025-08-13/
1•ff133•23m ago•1 comments

DINOv3: Single vision backbone outperforms specialized solutions on tasks

https://ai.meta.com/blog/dinov3-self-supervised-vision-model/?_fb_noscript=1
1•badcc•24m ago•0 comments

Show HN: Studying STEM made fun and with Doregaku Study

2•Kunal_Aher•25m ago•2 comments

Azure Linux with OS Guard: Secure, Immutable, and Open-Source Container Host

https://techcommunity.microsoft.com/blog/linuxandopensourceblog/azure-linux-with-os-guard-immutable-container-host-with-code-integrity-and-open-/4437473
1•shallow-mind•26m ago•0 comments

Meta appoints conspiracy theorist as AI bias advisor

https://www.advocate.com/news/meta-robby-starbuck-ai-bias
1•perihelions•26m ago•0 comments

Study STEM subjects made fun and exciting

1•Kunal_Aher•27m ago•0 comments

Show HN: Hacker News MCP Server from Klavis AI

https://github.com/Klavis-AI/klavis/tree/main/mcp_servers/hacker_news
2•wirehack•27m ago•0 comments