frontpage.
newsnewestaskshowjobs

Made with ♥ by @iamnishanth

Open Source @Github

fp.

Open in hackernews

E-paper display reaches the realm of LCD screens

https://spectrum.ieee.org/e-paper-display-modos
137•rbanffy•5h ago

Comments

efitz•3h ago
FPGA and e-ink at 75Hz? It sounds like it will have a high power draw.
dotancohen•3h ago
I use E-ink for the reduced eye strain, the battery draw really does not bother me. I like having devices that last weeks on a single charge, but I would gladly charge them more often for an increased refresh rate.
amarant•3h ago
Compared to other e-ink devices, yes.

Compared to LCD, oled or what have you, my understanding is that it uses significantly less.

aydyn•3h ago
Is that because it doesnt have a backlight?
amarant•2h ago
I think a large part of it is because modos is really good at partial screen updates. This is also, in my understanding, how they achieve the high FPS rate.

The parts of the screen that doesn't update, courtesy of being e-ink, don't use any power at all. LCD will use power if you're looking at a static image, eink won't. And a lot of the time, 95% of the screen is a static image and only 5 percent actually updates. One of Modos' biggest innovations is successfully taking advantage of that.

ranger_danger•2h ago
So it's not actually 75hz all the time then? Depending on what's on the screen?

That's unfortunate.

I'm imagining a fast scrolling game with complex backgrounds where most of the pixels are changing values every frame, I assume it completely breaks down in that case.

amarant•1h ago
It's 75hz when it needs to be, but if 2 frames are mostly identical, it doesn't needlessly move ink around. Effect: 75hz always as far as the user is concerned, but sometimes it uses less power than that when possible, due to very clever optimisations at the firmware level.

Or that's how I understand it anyway.

I saw that Alex Soto himself is in this comment thread, he'll know a lot more than me, I'm just spreading what little knowledge I've gathered from his blog posts and some of the discussions in the modos mastodon server.

I've probably misunderstood a lot of that too, I'm not a hardware engineer, just a lowly java dev with a strong but hobby level interest in eink.

Modos is my dream laptop, but it's currently unclear when that'll become reality.

Again, Alex Soto will know more.

dragontamer•3h ago
LCDs can have superior power draw than EInk.

See the microwatts of power that Sharps MemoryLCD displays have. They often beat comparable EInk screens in power draw.

alex-a-soto•2h ago
Our driver board, under continuous use, draws about 1 to 1.5W. A recent article below goes into some detail about our design choices.

https://www.crowdsupply.com/modos-tech/modos-paper-monitor/u...

dotancohen•3h ago
I would love to see the performance trade-offs. I don't mind more battery draw, but how many shades of grey does it support? How bad is the ghosting? How white is the background? Is it clear enough to be used white-on-black? How often does it need a full screen refresh?
alex-a-soto•2h ago
> How many shades of grey does it support?

16 levels of grayscale support.

> How bad is the ghosting?

Ghosting depends on the mode you're using and the content.

> How white is the background?

Varies, depends on the panel you're using.

> Is it clear enough to be used white-on-black?

Yes

> How often does it need a full screen refresh?

That's up to you; you can manually clear with a button press, use auto-clear mode, or programmatically control it.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AoDYEZE7gDA&ab_channel=Modos

cheschire•2h ago
How long do the pixels last before they start getting stuck?
dragontamer•3h ago
Eink always could be driven quickly. The issue is that LCDs are more powerful efficient at high refresh rates

EInk needs a lot of power to move the heavier ink particles around. If you are doing that more and more rapidly, then even more power is drawn.

By 75Hz, I'm almost certain that LCD is far more power efficient. The LCD pixel (aka the liquid crystal) is a glorified capacitor, it takes some power to charge but it's exceptionally 'light' compared to eink.

That's why LCDs can go faster and faster. It's just physics. A capacitor / twisted crystal uses less power to turn on or off than EInk.

---------

EInks advantage is that if you turn off power, the ink stays put. So you spend a ton of power moving the ink around and then save lots and lots of power over the next seconds, minutes or more.

That's why EInk is ideal for once-a-day updates of prices (or other retailer tasks). The less you update, the less power used.

sirwhinesalot•3h ago
Flipping pages right now is very annoying. Slow and with the weird redrawing flashing. If they can find a way to fix that it'll be 100% worth it, even if it means high power draw on page changes.
bbarnett•2h ago
You must have a very old, or very weird device. That sort of behaviour is more than a decade old.

There are refresh modes now which are very good at partial updates.

sirwhinesalot•2h ago
It's a pretty recent Kobo device.
bbarnett•1h ago
I have one of these:

https://www.amazon.com/dp/B0CDBYFH81

and a colour Boox. The refresh on the Boox is so fast, you can watch video.

I don't think the Meebook has refresh issues, it's definitely very fast for back/forward. Of course I don't have page turn animations on. I use the kindle app on it, and KOreader. If you get this, know that there is a thread to drop in a script, so the volume buttons page turn correctly when upside down.

If you live in Amazon turf, you can always buy and return if not suitable?

There are some reviews on Amazon.

alok-g•3h ago
Is this saying that it is an either-or situation? Ideal would be a device that can be written fast when needed, but can also hold. Is there some more fundamental thing at a pixel level that links agility with retention?
bityard•2h ago
Depending on your requirements, yes: https://sharpdevices.com/memory-lcd/
dragontamer•2h ago
No. I'm saying Tech#1 is more power efficient at 0.05Hz while Tech#2 is more power efficient at 50Hz.

Mysterious future Tech#3 will break the rules. OLED for example uses far less power on black pixels. It's just different.

numpad0•2h ago
E Ink uses microscopic ink bubbles that gets attracted to positive and negative voltages. The ink stays around when attraction stops, holding image. But the ink also require much stronger force than regular LCDs to move around.

LCDs use articulation of liquid crystal chemicals that change shape thus polarization upon application of voltages. They tend to slowly deform back to "the other" state when voltages are removed, and also tend to chemically break down if not moved back to the neutral state. LCDs are driven in pseudo-alternating current for this reason, and never held at either extremes for long time, for this reason.

So you can drive E Ink at 75Hz or whatever, it'll just take more power than it takes LCD to do so, and the last pixel states will persist. Or you can leave LCDs at extremes and disconnect the power, but it will lead to degradation if intentionally used that way.

What you can't do is 1) "watt per frame" figures of LCD, with 2) persistence, and 3) long life. (1, 3) is LCD, (2, 3) is E Ink, (1, 2) is LCD abused as if it's E Ink at expense of rapid degradation, and (1, 2, 3) is the holy grail.

mcdonje•48m ago
Are LCD screens driven on a pixel by pixel basis, or is the entire screen driven on each refresh? Because the article says they're only causing changed pixels to refresh.

If so, you're probably still right when it comes to watching a video or something, but e-ink could be more efficient for drawing, writing, or reading.

hungmung•2h ago
I thought the issue was duty cycle, and that low refresh rates kept the screen working longer. Has e-ink tech gotten around this?
InsideOutSanta•2h ago
That's what I'm wondering about. I wouldn't mind temporary higher energy usage to get smoother interactions, but I'm not sure what the long-term impact on the screen is.
alex-a-soto•2h ago
I’d recommend watching the video below, where we talk about how fast refresh affects a panel’s lifespan.

https://www.youtube.com/live/okjJURIejIY?feature=shared&t=24...

smusamashah•2h ago
Do e-ink screens expire? Like screen slowly loose the ability to move the particles around, or the particles loosing the ability to move with charge.

If so, won't high refresh rates degrade eink rapidly.

bebna•2h ago
Yes you can kill or degrade them if you drive them too hard, but achieving higher refresh rates and less ghosting is mostly about finer calibration and faster lookups on bigger tables
alex-a-soto•2h ago
I’d recommend watching the video below, where we talk about how fast refresh affects a panel’s lifespan.

https://www.youtube.com/live/okjJURIejIY?feature=shared&t=24...

Modified3019•20m ago
In the DIY electronics scene, I’ve occasionally come across posts about small cheap e-ink displays essentially burning in and how to try and avoid it (shifting things around like on OLED)

https://github.com/esphome/feature-requests/issues/1109#issu...

This could be actual burn in, or it could be a failure in how they are refreshing (with some potential fix if refreshed properly). I’m not familiar enough to be certain myself, but I personally suspect they are likely being driven too hard and are truly damaged.

In normal e-reader use I’ve never seen this as a practical issue.

Wowfunhappy•2h ago
I mean, it depends on just how much power is needed I guess, but I'd be willing to make the trade for e-ink's contrast.
alex-a-soto•2h ago
Our driver board, under continuous use, draws about 1 to 1.5W. A recent article below goes into some detail about our design choices.

https://www.crowdsupply.com/modos-tech/modos-paper-monitor/u...

dragontamer•1h ago
Thanks. That article seems to have the quote I was looking for.

> E-ink screens are quite power hungry when it comes to peak current. Modern high-resolution panels can consume >20 W peak.

This is where I was wondering and yeah, 20+W is pretty hefty to support a relatively small 8" EInk screen or something.

All those updates cost all that power as long as updates are occurring. Maybe you can optimize many of them away (if some parts of the screen don't move, especially if software was rewritten to optimize for the display).

More importantly, it sounds like you've created a full custom FPGA controller over the voltages that go into an EInk display? That's impressive in its own right even if I don't think 75Hz is a good idea lol.

--------

FPGA or Full Blown Microprocessor are the only choices here. A high power SIMD/NEON arm64 probably could do the job, but I think the Spartan6 is a good choice as well and has more obvious and straightforward parallelism (and probably all the pins required to control the screen. Even a big microprocessor won't have as many low latency pins as an FPGA).

alex-a-soto•1h ago
> Maybe you can optimize many of them away (if some parts of the screen don't move, especially if software was rewritten to optimize for the display).

Yes, that’s definitely something we want to work toward. As the community grows, we hope to tackle these kinds of optimizations together.

> A high power SIMD/NEON arm64 probably could do the job, but I think the Spartan6 is a good choice as well and has more obvious and straightforward parallelism

Yes, precisely for the reasons you stated. We also talk more about it below:

- https://www.youtube.com/live/okjJURIejIY

- https://github.com/Modos-Labs/Glider?tab=readme-ov-file#desi...

ThrowawayR2•2h ago
E-Ink's other advantage is being a non-emissive display. Transflective LCD displays have low contrast. I'm literally holding an e-ink tablet over the transflective monitor I'm typing this on and the difference in contrast at the same ambient illumination is considerable. If the price were right, I'd definitely consider a 75 Hz e-ink monitor even if the power draw was more than a normal LCD monitor.
Yoric•1h ago
Out of curiosity, if you have 75Hz but you're refreshing sparingly (e.g. you're in VSCode writing, unless you're scrolling, most pixels remain unchanged), wouldn't e-ink remain power-efficient?
detourdog•1h ago
I have been thinking e-ink would be good for weather reports on boats.
amelius•54m ago
> The LCD pixel (aka the liquid crystal) is a glorified capacitor

Would it be possible to re-use the power that is stored in them?

precompute•3h ago
>Modos, a two-person startup with open-hardware roots, thinks it has cracked part of that problem with a development kit capable of driving an e-paper display at refresh rates up to a record 75 hertz.

Call me crazy, but I'd rather see these guys get a couple million than yet another chatgpt wrapper.

HelloUsername•2h ago
Nice, they have a video of playing Return of the Obra Dinn on the screen https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ClK8lDJWJcw
numbsafari•2h ago
Clearly there are some issues with ghosting?
alex-a-soto•2h ago
Another gameplay video I'd recommend seeing is Blanc: https://www.youtube.com/live/9PAKPfHBa5Q?feature=shared&t=11...
namtab00•33m ago
That game is beautiful, more so on the eink display...
pedrogpimenta•2h ago
This is great, but I see lots of ghosting and apparently low contrast. Sad to see no mention of it in the article.
ThrowawayR2•2h ago
The article is oddly written. It's not the e-ink display panels that are different; they're off-the-shelf modules from E-Ink that their controller is driving at 75 Hz. Presumably E-Ink themselves know that the panel can be driven at that rate.

And pixel-level addressing isn't innovative either. If you've written on an e-ink tablet and observed that the screen doesn't refresh with every pixel change under the stylus, that is surely because pixels are being toggled individually instead of doing a full screen refresh.

So perhaps the only difference is that it's an open source controller that's competitive with commercial e-ink display controllers? That's no small achievement and worth celebrating in and of itself. But it's not at all made clear by the article.

alex-a-soto•1h ago
I agree with your points. I would add:

- Making the project open allows people to reuse displays they already own.

- Others can contribute and build on what’s been created.

- Open source firmware, documentation, and the driver board make development more accessible and help remove barriers that previously slowed community projects.

- It’s designed to work with a variety of electrophoretic panels, not only those from E Ink.

In the long run, this openness will strengthen the ecosystem, making it easier for new ideas to take shape and spread.

dezmou•2h ago
I play chess on a e-ink smartphone and it is a nice break for my eyes in the evening. I can not wait for the moment when I would be able to code on a nice colored e-ink desktop screen
Wowfunhappy•2h ago
What e-ink smartphone do you use?
StevenNunez•1h ago
Not OP but I'm on a BigMe HiBreak Pro! Works... well enough.
ranger_danger•2h ago
There are already multiple color e-ink desktop monitor manufacturers... they're just not 75hz.
divan•2h ago
BOOX has 13" Tab X C color e-ink reader, which runs Android. I have non-color version (Tab X), and used it few times to work under bright sun (in vim, connected over mosh/ssh to my laptop + wireless keyboard). It was okay experience - not perfect, but quite comfortable.
hn92726819•1h ago
Be warned: each layer of eink reduces contrast. With 4 layers, the contrast of the color boox tablet is terrible. Also, if you buy from boox, you have to pay about $50 to return it. Not worth it at all in my experience, unless you will always be in direct sunlight.

I went through that and then bought a Carta 1200 display BOOX 13.9 and it's amazing. Black and white only, but the contrast makes the device usable.

If you know you won't return the device, get it on their website because they'll give you extra pen tips and a case. I got mine on Amazon, so I missed out on the extra stuff because of my return experience.

diabllicseagull•1h ago
I suppose if we are at comparable refresh rates to LCDs, next metric to compare against is response time? I see significant amount of trailing while scrolling.
teucris•9m ago
Response time is on par with LCDs - the trailing you’re seeing is ghosting, which in most situations is not common but does occur occasionally.
kayson•40m ago
What about cheaper, bigger displays? I want something that's ~16" but doesn't cost an arm and a leg, for displaying sheet music. Still haven't found anything that's suitable. Plenty of people I know use the 13" iPad Pro, but between the glare (stage lights can be intense) and the roughly-letter-paper size, I still prefer sheets of paper.
EGreg•39m ago
I want color e-paper that can show large paintings, like 30” x 40”. When is that coming out finally !!
ffitch•26m ago
does anyone know how would e-ink compare to oldschool reflective TN LCD displays (those in Casios from the nineties)? I have a Playdate device with this type of screen and it seems pretty cool, I wonder why so few devices today are taking advantage of it.
jmcphers•17m ago
I also have a Playdate! I think it's a Sharp MIP rather than TN LCD. MIP is actually pretty popular in some places -- particularly smartwatches where battery life matters more than bright colors; Garmin, Coros, Pebble etc. all use MIP displays for the lower end models.

The thing about MIP is that the viewing angles are just not that amazing. I have had a Kindle and a Kobo, and they look like paper no matter how I hold them. My Playdate however needs to be positioned at a pretty specific angle with respec to the light to get the best contrast.

iOS 18.6.2 – System-Wide Trust Collapse via Anchor Corruption and ATS Reset

https://github.com/JGoyd/ios-trust-collapse
1•mintplant•2m ago•0 comments

Why Mark S. Zuckerberg Is Suing Facebook's Parent Company, Meta

https://www.nytimes.com/2025/09/09/technology/mark-zuckerberg-meta-lawsuit-fake-accounts.html
1•sega_sai•3m ago•1 comments

Consumption of Low- and No-Calorie Artificial Sweeteners and Cognitive Decline

https://www.neurology.org/doi/10.1212/WNL.0000000000214023
2•wjb3•7m ago•1 comments

Show HN: Open-source MCP Tester Agent – Can Claude use your MCP server tools?

https://github.com/StackOneHQ/mcp-connectors/tree/main/apps/mcp-test
2•mattzcarey•7m ago•0 comments

What I Learned Building My First Jenkins Plugin

https://mergify.com/blog/what-i-learned-building-my-first-jenkins-plugin
1•zdw•7m ago•1 comments

Browser extension gives Claude the ability to think step by step

https://github.com/richards199999/Thinking-Claude
2•mustaphah•8m ago•0 comments

Codebuff: Generate Code from the Terminal

https://github.com/CodebuffAI/codebuff
1•simonpure•10m ago•0 comments

Reddit: Evolving Moderation on Reddit: Reshaping Boundaries

https://old.reddit.com/r/modnews/comments/1ncn0go/evolving_moderation_on_reddit_reshaping_boundar...
1•znpy•10m ago•0 comments

K-Pop Demon Hunters Special Drone Show at Ttukseom Hangang Park [video]

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LS5yN5WtFW8
2•jeena•14m ago•0 comments

Show HN: ArduinoCogs adds web-based dashboards and config to ESP32 projects

https://github.com/EternityForest/ArduinoCogs
2•eternityforest•15m ago•0 comments

Executive Director Cindy Cohn Will Step Down After 25 Years with EFF

https://www.eff.org/press/releases/executive-director-cindy-cohn-will-step-down-after-25-years-eff
1•dannyobrien•18m ago•0 comments

The women in love with AI companions: 'I vowed I wouldn't leave him'

https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2025/sep/09/ai-chatbot-love-relationships
2•mellosouls•21m ago•0 comments

Cindy Cohn Is Leaving the EFF, but Not the Fight for Digital Rights

https://www.wired.com/story/eff-cindy-cohn-stepping-down/
2•coloneltcb•22m ago•0 comments

Second-Me: run a personal AI that remembers for you, locally

https://www.secondme.io
1•amazonhut•22m ago•0 comments

iPhone Air Gets Faster and More Efficient C1X 5G Modem, but No MmWave

https://www.macrumors.com/2025/09/09/iphone-air-c1x-modem/
1•tosh•24m ago•0 comments

Microsoft to Use AI from Anthropic in Partial Shift from OpenAI

https://www.reuters.com/business/microsoft-use-some-ai-anthropic-shift-openai-information-reports...
4•andsoitis•27m ago•1 comments

I made the most unique Chrome extension

https://chromewebstore.google.com/detail/dibby-chrome-extension/nofijfmdhnkgjnhbacagmodmcpdnlmde
2•DylanWain•28m ago•1 comments

Show HN: Mermaid-animate, GSAP animations for Mermaid sequence and flow diagrams

https://jameshealyio.github.io/mermaid-animate/
1•apimade•29m ago•0 comments

Reuters withdraws Xi, Putin longevity video after China pulls permission to use

https://www.reuters.com/business/media-telecom/reuters-withdraws-xi-putin-longevity-video-after-c...
6•jnord•31m ago•1 comments

Breakthrough Cancer Therapy Moves to Phase 2 Trials

https://news.gsu.edu/research-magazine/breakthrough-cancer-therapy-moves-to-phase-2-trials
1•geox•31m ago•0 comments

BatteryScope Device Health Checker

https://batteryscope.com
1•jmillnerdev•35m ago•2 comments

Google admits the open web is in 'rapid decline'

https://www.theverge.com/news/773928/google-open-web-rapid-decline
4•maxeda•36m ago•0 comments

Show HN: Personalized Learning Pathways

https://eigenarc.com
1•sridhar87•36m ago•0 comments

Open Source Game Clones

https://osgameclones.com/
3•klaussilveira•38m ago•0 comments

The Unseen Cost of Custom Domains: Why Manual SSL Management Is Hurting You

https://www.vanitycert.com/blog/the-unseen-cost-of-custom-domains
1•lulceltech•41m ago•0 comments

Geoffrey Huntle Is Cursed: Making a GenZ slang programming language with Claude

https://simonwillison.net/2025/Sep/9/cursed/
3•kposehn•42m ago•0 comments

A Mercedes EQS with solid-state batteries drove 750 miles with range to spare

https://electrek.co/2025/09/09/mercedes-eqs-with-solid-state-ev-batteries-drove-750-miles/
2•breve•43m ago•0 comments

ADL-CLI – Generate enterprise-grade AI agents from a YAML spec

https://github.com/inference-gateway/adl-cli
1•edenr•49m ago•2 comments

Hypertension Alerts Coming to Older Apple Watch Models

https://www.macrumors.com/2025/09/09/hypertension-alerts-older-apple-watch-models/
1•tosh•50m ago•0 comments

All vibe coding tools are selling a get rich quick scheme

https://varunraghu.com/all-vibe-coding-tools-are-selling-a-get-rich-quick-scheme/
28•Varun08•50m ago•10 comments