That seems ..low..?
I have 0 cred in anything security, so maybe i'm just missing a bigger picture thing, but like...if you told me i had to make some sort of malicious NPM package and get people to use it, i'd probably just find something that works, copy the code, put in some stylistic changes, and then bury my malicious code in there?
This seems so obvious that I question if the OP is correct in stating people aren't looking for that, or maybe I misunderstand what they mean because i'm ignorant?
It’s hard to read any blog anymore without trying to work out which part is actually from a human.
Realistically, this is impossible.
At least they seemed to have policies:
That's what's needed and I am seriously surprised NPM is trusted like it is. And I am seriously surprised developers aren't afraid of being sued for shipping malware to people.
Which when compared to NPM, which has no meaningful controls of any sort, is an enormous difference.
Kind of a terrifying statement, right there.
The industry runs on a lot more unexamined trust than people think.
They’re deployed automatically by machine, which definitionally can’t even give it a second thought. The upstream trust is literally specified in code, to be reused constantly automatically. You could get owned in your sleep without doing anything just because a publisher got phished one day.
Well, I should qualify that. I do use quite a few dependencies, but they are ones that I wrote.
i dont know what the solution here is other than stop using npm
... So you're saying there is a blueprint for mitigating this already, and it just isn't followed?
I've heard rumor of a few 100k people laid off in tech over the past few years that might be interested.
- Random numbers
- Timezones, date formatting
- JSON parsing & serialization
- Functional programming tools (map, filter, reduce, Object.fromEntries, etc)
- TypedArrays
And if you use bun or nodejs, you also have out of the box access to an HTTP server, filesystem APIs, gzip, TLS and more. And if you're working in a browser, almost everything in jquery has since been pulled into the browser too. Eg, document.querySelector.
Of course, web frameworks like react aren't part of the standard library in JS. Nor should they be.
What more do you want JS to include by default? What do java, python and go have in their standard libraries that JS is missing?
But of course it fucking doesn't because it's a scripting language for the web. It has what it needs, and to do that it doesn't need much.
It does though! The JS stdlib even includes an entire wasm runtime. Its huge!
Seriously. I can barely think of any features in the C++ stdlib that are missing from JS. There's a couple - like JS is missing std::priority_queue. But JS has soooo much stuff that C++ is missing. Its insane.
And no programming language's stdlib includes e. g. WhatsApp API libraries
Personally I think we need to start adding capability based systems into our programming languages. Random code shouldn't have "ambient authority" to just do anything on my computer with the same privileges as me. Like, if a function has this signature:
function add(a: int, b: int) -> int
Philosophically, I kind of think of it like function arguments and globals. If I call a function foo(someobj), then function foo is explicitly given access to someobj. And it also has access to any globals in my program. But we generally consider globals to be smelly. Passing data explicitly is better.
But the whole filesystem is essentially available as a global that any function, anywhere, can access. With full user permissions. I say no. I want languages where the filesystem itself (or a subset of it) can be passed as an argument. And if a function doesn't get passed a filesystem, it can't access a filesystem. If a function isn't passed a network socket, it can't just create one out of nothing.
I don't think it would be that onerous. The main function would get passed "the whole operating system" in a sense - like the filesystem and so on. And then it can pass files and sockets and whatnot to functions that need access to that stuff.
If we build something like that, we should be able to build something like npm but where you don't need to trust the developers of 3rd party software so much. The current system of trusting everyone with everything is insane.
Ironically, any c++ app I've written on windows does exactly this. "Are you sure you want to allow this program to access networking?" At least the first time I run it.
I also rarely write/run code for windows.
NPM and NPM-style package managers that are designed to late-fetch dependencies just before build-time are already fundamentally broken. They're an end-run around the underlying version control system, all in favor of an ill-considered, half-baked scheme to implement an alternative approach to version control of the package manager project maintainers' devising.
And they provide cover for attacks like this, because they encourage a culture where, because one's dependencies are all "over there", the massive surface area gets swept under the rug and they never get reviewed (because 56K NPM users can't be wrong).
I assume by "underlying version control system" you mean apt, rpm, homebrew and friends? They don't solve this problem either. Nobody in the opensource world is auditing code for you. Compromised xz still made it into apt. Who knows how many other packages are compromised in a similar way?
Also, apt and friends don't solve the problem that npm, cargo, pip and so on solve. I'm writing some software. I want to depend on some package X at version Y (eg numpy, serde, react, whatever). I want to use that package, at that version, on all supported platforms. Debian. Ubuntu. Redhat. MacOS. And so on. Try and do that using the system package manager and you're in a world of hurt. "Oh, your system only has official packages for SDL2, not SDL3. Maybe move your entire computer to an unustable branch of ubuntu to fix it?" / "Yeah, we don't have that python package in homebrew. Maybe you could add it and maintain it yourself?" / "New ticket: I'm trying to run your software in gentoo, but it only has an earlier version of dependency Y."
Hell. Utter hell.
That's still true of nix. Whether you should trust a package is on you. But nix solves everything else listed here.
> I want to use that package, at that version, on all supported platforms...
Nix derivations will fail to build if their contents rely on the FHS (https://refspecs.linuxfoundation.org/FHS_3.0/fhs/index.html), so if a package tries to blindly trust that `/bin/bash` is in fact a compatible version of what you think it is, it won't make it into the package set. So we can each package our a bash script, and instead of running on "bash" each will run on the precise version of bash that we packaged with it. This goes for everything though, compilers, linkers, interpreters, packages that you might otherwise have installed with pip or npm or cargo... nix demands a hash for it up front. It could still have been malicious the whole time, but it can't suddenly become malicious at a later date.
> ... Debian. Ubuntu. Redhat. MacOS. And so on. Try and do that using the system package manager and you're in a world of hurt.
If you're on NixOS, nix is your system package manager. If you're not, you can still install nix and use it on all of those platforms (not Windows, certain heroic folk are working on that, WSL works though)
> Oh, your system only has official packages for SDL2, not SDL3. Maybe move your entire computer to an unustable branch of ubuntu to fix it?"
I just installed SDL3, nix put it in `/nix/store/yla09kr0357x5khlm8ijkmfm8vvzzkxb-sdl3-3.2.26`. Then I installed SDL2, nix put it in `/nix/store/a5ybsxyliwbay8lxx4994xinr2jw079z-sdl2-compat-2.32.58` If I want one or the other at different times, nix will add or remove those from my path. I just have to tell nix which one I want...
$ nix shell nixpkgs#sdl2-compat
$ # now I have sdl2
$ exit
$ nix shell nixpkgs#sdl3
$ # now I have sdl3
All of the major languages have some kind of foo2nix adapter package. When I want to use a python package that's not in nixpkgs, I use uv2nix and nix handles enforcing package sanity on them (i.e. maps uv.lock, a python thing, into flake.lock, a nix thing). I've been dabbling with typescript lately, so I'm using pnpm2nix to map typescript libraries not in nixpkgs in a similar way.
If apt's DNA was to download package binaries straight from Github, then I would blame it on the package manager for making it so inherently easy to download malware, wouldn't I?
The issue I have is that I don't really have a good idea for a solution to this problem - on one hand, I don't expect everyone to roll the entire modern stacks by hand every time. Killing collaborative software development seems like literally throwing the baby out with the bath water. On the other hand, I feel like nothing I touch is "secure" in any real sense - the tick boxes are there, and they are all checked, but I don't think a single one of them really protects me against anything - most of the time, the monster is already inside the house.
Speed of development and development experience are not metrics to be minimized/discarded lightly. If you were to start a company/product/project tomorrow, a lot of the things you want to be doing in the beginning are not related to these tools. You probably, most of the time, want to be exploring your solution space. Creating a development and CI/CD environment that can fully take advantage of these tools capabilities (like hermeticity and reproducibility) is not straightforward - in most cases setting up, scaling and maintaining these often requires a whole team with knowledge that most developers won't have. You don't want to gatekeep the writing of new software behind such requirements. But I do agree that the default should be closer to this, than what we have today. How we get there - now that is the million dollar question.
Is NPM really collaborative? People just throw stuff out there and you can pick it up. It's the least commons denominator of collaboration.
The thing that NPM is missing is trust and trust doesn't scale to 1000x dependencies.
ive started using Flutter even for web applications as well, works pretty well, still use Astro/React tho for frontend websites so I can't completely get away from it.
The language is too hard to do a meaningful static analysis. This particular attack is much harder (though not impossible) to execute in Java, Go, or Rust-based packages.
True. In a backend, however, a compromised payload can put all of user's and your non-user data at risk.
That sounds like a GDPR fine waiting to be issued right there.
It is not harder to write. It is more challenging to execute this attack stealthily.
Due to the myriad behaviors of runtimes (browser vs. backend), frameworks (and their numerous versions), and over-dependency on external dependencies (e.g., leftpad), the risk in JS-based backends increases significantly.
Something that I find to be a frustrating side effect of malware issues like this is that it seems to result in well-intentioned security teams locking down the data in apps.
The justification is quite plausible -- in this case WhatsApp messages were being stolen! But the thing is... that if this isn't what they steal they'll steal something else.
Meanwhile locking down those apps so the only apps with a certain signature can read from your WhatsApp means that if you want to back up your messages or read them for any legitimate purpose you're now SOL, or reliant on a usually slow, non-automatable UI-only flow.
I'm glad that modern computers are more secure than they have been, but I think that defense in depth by locking down everything and creating more silos is a problem of its own.
A great microcosm illustration of this is automation permission on macOS right now: there's a separate allow dialog for every single app. If you try to use a general purpose automation app it needs to request permission for every single app on your computer individually the first time you use it. Having experienced that in practice it... absolutely sucks.
At this point it makes me feel like we need something like an async audit API. Maybe the OS just tracks and logs all of your apps' activity and then:
1) You can view it of course.
2) The OS monitors for deviations from expected patterns for that app globally (kinda like Microsoft's SmartScreen?)
3) Your own apps can get permission to read this audit log if you want to analyze it your own way and/or be more secure. If you're more paranoid maybe you could use a variant that kills an app in a hurry if it's misbehaving.
Sadly you can't even implement this as a third party thing on macOS at this point because the security model prohibits you from monitoring other apps. You can't even do it with the user's permission because tracing apps requires you to turn SIP off.
The problem here, is that like so many social-media apps, the first thing the app will do is scrape as much as it possibly can from the device, lest it lose access later, at which point auditing it and restricting its permissions is already too late.
Give an inch, and they’ll take a mile. Better to make them justify every millimetre instead.
...and this gives them more control, so they can profit from it. Corporate greed knows no bounds.
I'm glad that modern computers are more secure than they have been
I'm not. Back when malware was more prevalent among the lower class, there was also far more freedom and interoperability.
So users go through the same steps as if they were connecting another client to their WhatsApp account, and the client gets full access to all data of course.
From what I understand WhatsApp is already fairly locked down, so people had to resort to this sort of thing – if WA had actually offered this data via a proper API with granular permissions, there might have been a lower chance of this happening.
Why aren't more teams putting some tool in-front of their blind-installs from NPM (et al)
I assume the answer is no because this is clearly clickbait AI slop but who knows.
Containers still have some risk since they share the host kernel, but they're a pretty good choice for protection against the types of attacks we see in the JS ecosystem. I'll switch to VM's when we start seeing container escape exploits being published as npm packages :)
When I first started doing development this way it felt like I was being a bit too paranoid, but honestly it's so fast and easy it's not at all noticeable. I often have to work on projects that use outdated package managers and have hundreds of top-level dependencies, so it's worth the setup in my opinion.
It's got to be a matter of time, doesn't it, before some software company gets in serious trouble because of that. Or, NPM actually implements some serious stewardship process in place.
Except at the granularity of NodeJS packages, it would be nearly impossible to do.
> The package has been available on npm for 6 months and is still live at the time of writing.
> (...) malware that steals your WhatsApp credentials, intercepts every message, harvests your contacts, installs a persistent backdoor, and encrypts everything before sending it to the threat actor's server.
Security issues will simply move to LLM related security holes
runningmike•1h ago
k8sToGo•1h ago
criddell•1h ago
user34283•1h ago
In this case more realistic advice would probably be to either rely on a more popular package to benefit from swarm intelligence, or creating your own implementation.
bdangubic•1h ago
notKilgoreTrout•1h ago
user34283•1h ago
Yes, I'm sure many dependencies aren't very necessary. However, in many projects I worked on (corporate) which were on the older Webpack/Babel/Jest stack, you can expect node_modules at over 1 GB. There this ship has sailed long ago.
But on the upside, most of those packages should be fairly popular. With pnpm's dependency cooldown and whitelisting of postinstall scripts, you are probably good.
sneak•1h ago