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Notes on Building an Internal Agent

https://lethain.com/agents-series/
1•rognjen•22s ago•0 comments

Cursor UI is built with SolidJS

https://www.reddit.com/r/solidjs/s/inVuYmkIJ6
1•itayadler•1m ago•0 comments

Show HN: Real-Time Website Generator

https://sudo.sdan.io/
1•sdan•2m ago•0 comments

Code a database in 45 steps: test-driven coding puzzles

https://trialofcode.org/database/
1•rohitpaulk•3m ago•0 comments

Joyce Project

https://github.com/alexchunt90/joyce
1•paddw•7m ago•0 comments

Show HN: Automoderated Anonymous Wall of Messages

https://wall.tulv.in/
1•atulvi•10m ago•0 comments

Show HN: A lightweight UI to manage my LXC dev environments

https://github.com/joseprupi/lxc_manager
1•melenaboija•11m ago•1 comments

Grok and the Naked King: The Ultimate Argument Against AI Alignment

https://ibrahimcesar.cloud/blog/grok-and-the-naked-king/
1•ibrahimcesar•14m ago•0 comments

Gaussian Splatting 3 Ways

https://github.com/NullandKale/NullSplats
2•nullandkale•16m ago•0 comments

Mathematically extra-complicated Secretest Santa 2025 [video]

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4pG8_bWpmaE
1•yboris•16m ago•0 comments

Simplifying the build process for vst3-rs

https://micahrj.github.io/posts/vst3/
1•glowcoil•22m ago•0 comments

The Epstein Files: Why Half the Internet Is Wrong About Those Redactions

https://pdfa.org/a-case-study-in-pdf-forensics-the-epstein-pdfs/
5•moonshotideas•24m ago•0 comments

"Vibecession" reflects an increasingly difficult economy and society

https://greyenlightenment.com/2025/12/24/vibecession-reflects-increasingly-difficult-economy/
1•paulpauper•24m ago•1 comments

Hookmark 6.12 released with new ways to add and automate bookmarks

https://hookproductivity.com/release-notes/hookmark-6-12/
1•LucCogZest•26m ago•1 comments

My insulin pump controller uses the Linux kernel. It also violates the GPL

https://old.reddit.com/r/linux/comments/1puojsr/the_device_that_controls_my_insulin_pump_uses_the/
18•davisr•27m ago•1 comments

New Testing and Benchmarking Software for Amiga: XSysInfo

https://www.amigalove.com/viewtopic.php?t=2982
2•erickhill•29m ago•0 comments

Debian network packet multicast whenever USB storage device is connected (2023)

https://askubuntu.com/questions/1456506/multicast-packets-sent-out-every-time-a-usb-device-is-con...
3•transpute•30m ago•1 comments

Circular Causality: A Short History (With Receipts)

https://medium.com/@maddyjean/circular-causality-a-short-history-with-receipts-87454402f987
1•asplake•31m ago•0 comments

DIY E-Reader Folds Open Like a Book

https://hackaday.com/2025/12/24/diy-e-reader-folds-open-like-a-book/
3•axiomdata316•32m ago•0 comments

Show HN: Chaos engineering for LLMs – Making models cross-examine each other

https://www.usecouncil.app/
1•jonnyhere•32m ago•0 comments

Our king, our priest, our feudal lord – AI is taking us back to the dark ages

https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2025/dec/26/ai-dark-ages-enlightenment
3•binning•32m ago•0 comments

Daphne Oram, a visionary pioneer in electronic music

https://theconversation.com/5-things-to-know-about-daphne-oram-the-visionary-pioneer-in-electroni...
2•binning•36m ago•0 comments

Lewis Carroll Computed Determinants

https://www.johndcook.com/blog/2023/07/10/lewis-carroll-determinants/
23•tzury•36m ago•3 comments

Claude Bootstrap – Opinionated Project Initialization for Claude Code

https://github.com/alinaqi/claude-bootstrap
1•naxmax•37m ago•1 comments

University threatened with legal action after protest at academic's talk

https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/cwyx3y84ln9o
2•binning•38m ago•0 comments

Show HN: AI Directories – Submit your AI tool to 300 directories (2 minutes)

https://300aidirectories.com
1•HansP958•38m ago•0 comments

One-Stop Publication Workbench – Zettlr

https://www.zettlr.com
1•Tomte•40m ago•0 comments

Using the Problem to Solve the Problem

https://marcosvpj.com.br/en/posts/using-the-problem-to-solve-the-problem/
1•marcosvpj•40m ago•0 comments

Windows Recall

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Recall
1•CGMthrowaway•40m ago•1 comments

BTC3 – A Fast, Self-Contained Bitcoin Testnet

https://github.com/cgebitcoin/btc3
1•cgebitcoin•43m ago•1 comments
Open in hackernews

A Proclamation Regarding the Restoration of the Em-Dash

https://blog.nawaz.org/posts/2025/Dec/a-proclamation-regarding-the-restoration-of-the-dash/
63•BeetleB•2h ago

Comments

kayo_20211030•1h ago
This is super funny, in an ironic sense. The link is broken because the `em-dash` was replaced by a `dash`. The direct link is https://blog.nawaz.org/posts/2025/Dec/a-proclamation-regardi...
kayo_20211030•1h ago
... and the content is genuinely funny too.
BeetleB•1h ago
Ouch. I'll restore the original link as I can't change the submission.

Restored.

shmerl•1h ago
It's easy to use on Linux with Compose key:

Compose + --- produces —

See all other combos in /usr/share/X11/locale/en_US.UTF-8/Compose

But who is using it without it in common scenarios?

BeetleB•1h ago
In principle, an em dash is supposed to be used where most people use hyphens. That's why Word/LaTeX make it easy to use:

https://www.merriam-webster.com/grammar/em-dash-en-dash-how-...

shmerl•1h ago
Yeah, for sure, but without easy way to access it from the keyboard, most don't bother wasting time inserting it.

Smart tools like LibreOffice and above indeed help with it, but in other scenarios, especially common browser usage that's not the case. Compose key is really useful for that, but it's not widely known outside of Linux.

macintux•1h ago
MacOS makes it simple: option + - for en-dash, option + shift + - for em-dash.
shmerl•54m ago
I see. What other combos does it support?
macintux•50m ago
Option is used extensively for non-Ascii characters, a comprehensive list would be quite long.

A few of the easier to remember:

option + 0 for degrees º

option + u for to place an umlaut over the next typed character (when it's a valid combination, anyway) ëüä

option + c for cedilla ç

shmerl•35m ago
Interesting. Kind of reinventing Compose key combos. I wonder why they didn't just reuse Compose ones from FreeBSD.
macintux•31m ago
This dates back to the beginning of the Mac, so it's almost 10 years older than FreeBSD. (I'm unfamiliar with other UNIX compose key tooling that may have predated it.)
layer8•49m ago
There are lots: https://mackeeper.com/blog/special-characters-mac-keyboard/#...
michael_michael•39m ago
I use µ for microns or micrometers µm. Option + m.

Also if you need ad-hoc bullets, just reach for option + 8.

• Like this.

The difficulty in accessing symbols like these is one of my (I'm sure correctable) hang-ups when using Linux — Arch, btw.

layer8•1h ago
On macOS and Windows there are keyboard shortcuts for en/em dashes, but I also prefer the Compose key.
renewiltord•1h ago
These things are inescapable. In Nov 2019, I helped a friend move. I had a cold and not wanting to get her sick, I wore one of the N95 masks that I had so that I could bicycle in fire season.

By 2022, doing the same would be a political statement.

jimnotgym•1h ago
This is not the first treatise on this subject to make it to the hn front page.

The problem is, I don't recognise it has having ever been a big thing. I tend to read books from the early to mid 20th century. I don't notice lots of dashes. Semi-colons are just as rare. I think both were always niche.

layer8•1h ago
> I tend to read books from the early to mid 20th century. I don't notice lots of dashes.

They are more prevalent in nonfiction.

macintux•1h ago
I use semi-colons frequently, probably at least a half dozen times/week.

Em-dashes not so much, but I'm so deathly sick of people complaining that some piece of text must be LLM-generated that I feel the need to start using it as well.

BeetleB•1h ago
I'm the opposite. I use hyphens/dashes all the time, and almost never a semicolon. My English professor complained about my overuse.
RobotToaster•59m ago
I feel like programmers use semi-colons more often; we're more familiar with them.
macintux•55m ago
Erlang (and probably Prolog, but my memories there are fuzzy) use periods, commas, and semi-colons in a directly analogous way to English.
dxdm•40m ago
> The problem is, I don't recognise it has ever been a big thing.

This is not a problem. Or rather, it is not a problem in the way that I think you mean.

Em dashes do not need to be a big thing to be useful, which they are; they also do not need anyone's personal recognition to do their jobs.

The problem may, in fact, be that they used to be more of a niche punctuation mark that people were not very familiar with. Now that LLMs have fallen in love with them and throw them around like candy, if people have hardly ever seen them used in well-written text before, they might treat them alone as a much stronger signal for LLM generation than they should — which is precisely what is bringing em-dashes under fire these days, and hence results TFA.

So, yes, indeed, in some ways the problem is, that you don't recognise it has ever been a big thing.

jonathaneunice•1h ago
Cosigned!

Em dash forever! Along with en dash for numerical ranges, true ellipsis not that three-period crap, true typographic quotes, and all the trimmings! Good typography whenever and wherever possible!

ademarre•20m ago
I am all for using proper typographic symbols, but it is unclear what place the precomposed ellipsis U+2026—what I assume you mean by “true ellipsis”—has in that canon, especially with the compressed form it takes in most fonts.
efitz•1h ago
I have been using the em dash in writing forever - in Word, for example, you type a word, then space-hyphen-space, then you type another word and the hyphen is autocorrected to an em dash.

I don’t regularly use en-dashes, cause I don’t know how to make them.

Kwpolska•1h ago
Word’s autocorrect inserts en-dashes.
xeonmc•1h ago
I’m pretty sure Word’s autocorrect for space dash space is endash not emdash, no?
markalby•59m ago
it’s usually space dash dash space across most word processors.

I picked up the habit a couple years ago of just undoing the autocorrect to an em dash and leaving it as two dashes to avoid accusations -- now it’s stuck with me

drob518•1h ago
I’m in. Where do I sign?
layer8•56m ago
You sign like this:

— drob518

drob518•42m ago
I actually do sign my emails with an em-dash like that.
MarkusQ•59m ago
Argggh! Seeing “tell—tale sign” when it should be “tell-tale sign” is even worse! The point isn't to use punctuation, it's to use punctuation properly!
EGreg•58m ago
I totally agree!

When I was growing up, I saw plays also use it like this:

  The two are in a room.
  -- Some guy says this
  -- The other guy says that
You just don't see em-dashes used like they used to -- and it shows!
schoen•53m ago
This use in dialogue is common in Continental European languages, especially Romance languages. I think it's also common in English among writers who were influenced by other European languages?
messe•45m ago
IIRC Joyce was a fan.
blauditore•44m ago
Which languages are you talking about? It looks unfamiliar to me.
schoen•43m ago
Here's someone talking about an example in French: https://forum.wordreference.com/threads/fr-em-dash-usage.364...

I believe I've also seen it in Spanish and Portuguese.

pbalau•38m ago
I think Romanian uses that too and it just occurred to me that "linie de dialog" is not dash, but em dash.
jonah•10m ago
They used two hyphens -- instead because typewriters don't have em dashes —.
Ericson2314•58m ago
That's an intentional overcorrection for humor
pbalau•50m ago
Here's another one: "I can't be bothered to use em-dash?"
blauditore•45m ago
Have you ever noticed some people can't even use basic punctuation like question marks.
BeetleB•38m ago
"In protest, I wrote [1] a plugin to convert all hyphens in this blog to em—dashes. Even ones that really should just be hyphens."
mjd•34m ago
I find your ideas intriguing and would like to subscribe to your newsletter.

Related and perhaps interesting: https://mathstodon.xyz/@mjd/114730157688607856

mountainriver•56m ago
I’ve found myself using the EM dash way more since ChatGPT. I actually really like it as a tool in sentences.

Now everyone asks me what AI I’m using

Valodim•54m ago
Is it worth it?
sho_hn•39m ago
If you are surrounded by a class of people that makes you genuinely second-guess the optics of your (appropriate) em-dash usage, I think that tells you a lot about what you need to change in your life. Likely you'll be happier in the company of people who know how to pick up a professionally written book or article.
vessenes•54m ago
Okay you had me at line—breaks. Rage. Then I saw it was civil disobedience, and I relaxed. Enjoy the em-dash lifestyle; it chose you apparently.
gjvc•54m ago
in other news, hurrah for the oxford comma
Ericson2314•53m ago
I love em dashes — they are just so pretty. But the en dash also needs more love. 1 out of every, say, 7–15 of the hyphens I see should be en dashes instead.
slashdave•38m ago
What about the poor negative sign? Nothing is more grating to my eye than using the hyphen in a plot.
grensley•51m ago
I've noticed people using emdashes more in known non-AI text in what I assume is a smokescreen to maintain plausible deniability when they wholesale copy AI text.

It's so interesting to me that human writing is subtly changing to mirror AI writing.

apothegm•49m ago
Or maybe they’ve been there all along and you just notice them more now because you’re looking for them.
nathias•50m ago
LLMs completely ruined "—" for me, its not jus that it makes text look generated I think it revealed something deep about the use of it that was always really cringe and just has no reason to exist...
jmye•2m ago
> I think it revealed something deep about the use of it that was always really cringe

A punctuation mark was “cringe”? Seriously? Is this middle school?

sorcercode•48m ago
Most AI generated text doesn't seem to have spaces around the em dashes. I've been using that as a subtle distinguishing marker; as both forms are considered grammatically correct.

tldr: use spaces around em dashes

garciansmith•42m ago
Huh, I've observed the opposite, AI-generated text uses spaces most of the time. Might depend on language? Style guides I use (like Chicago) don't put spaces between em dashes so those always stand out immediately to me.
slashdave•36m ago
The typography I learned insists on no spaces
BeetleB•35m ago
The whole point is not to change one's writing style simply because it has been associated with LLMs. Don't feed the paranoia!
sorcercode•32m ago
i think the genie is out of the box; but i stand with your sentiment!
nikanj•45m ago
Can I have the a reverse filter, that replaces smart quotes, em-dashes and other web filth with something a proper compiler rightfully expects? Nothing like copying code samples from someone's blog, and getting weird errors because the helpful blog software made the typography “prettier“
thorum•44m ago
The problem isn’t the em dashes, it’s the overuse of em dashes. Same for all the other ChatGPT-isms - they’re fine when used occasionally for effect, but there’s no variety. It’s always the same punctuation, same grammatical structures, same rhetorical moves, same paragraph lengths... That’s not what writing is supposed to be like and it becomes very grating after a while.
slashdave•40m ago
I mean, you just used a spurious one in your post. A period would have been fine.
submeta•43m ago
I used em-dashes regularly. However, since they’ve become associated with LLM-generated text, I’ve stopped using them to avoid the appearance of AI assistance.
sho_hn•36m ago
Sounds like a race to the bottom to me. If you know how to write well, keep at it.
phlakaton•42m ago
I'm on vacation so don't have my copy of Robert Bringhurst's Elements of Typographic Style at hand, but I'm not sure he would subscribe to this manifesto.

Now if you were willing to switch to en-dashes, maybe we could overlook the overexuberance. ;-)

sho_hn•42m ago
I keep being surprised this is such a big deal on HN, and I have begun to wonder whether this is just a uniquely American conversation.

I grew up among European and other international English speakers and writers, and no one blinks an eye at a semicolon or an em-dash. I'm not saying they use them frequently or overuse them, they simply know how to use them correctly and use them well. Writing without either is like ... cooking without garlic. You can, but it certainly makes affairs a lot more boring.

Now I understand that America has gone through 1-2 generations of English language teachers drilling their students to simplify, simplify, simplify and emulate the ideal of Hemingway. Is that where this all comes from, do you think?

idle_zealot•38m ago
> teachers drilling their students to simplify, simplify, simplify and emulate the ideal of Hemingway. Is that where this comes from?

No. It comes from the fact that Americans are functionally illiterate and genuinely have no idea how to use or interpret em dashes or semicolons. They don't use them and don't expect anyone else to use them. The only time Americans see these punctuations are in the handful of classic books they're required to skim to pass high school English class.

beasthacker•27m ago
A weak judgment betrays itself in the indiscriminate use of fine punctuation; for when the em-dash is made universal, it ceases to be distinguished, and becomes merely another form of hyphen.

Let the em-dash remain upon the height of style. Let the hyphen toil in the shade of the valley. And let the en-dash—patient, capable, and unjustly overlooked—at last be admitted to polite society, where it may properly mediate matters of form–function.

aniijbod•21m ago
"WHEREAS, the Large Language Model has merely mimicked a sophistication it cannot truly possess": says who(m)?
wavemode•19m ago
I've seen far more people complaining about people believing em dashes indicate AI, than people who actually believe that em dashes automatically indicate AI with no other evidence.