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IPv6 zones in URLs are a mistake

https://xeiaso.net/notes/2026/ipv6-zones-go-url/
26•xena•1h ago

Comments

ghhhibhc•28m ago
Nothing is more idiomatic Go than ignoring inconvenient edge cases.
contingencies•17m ago
Added to https://github.com/globalcitizen/taoup/
pavon•5m ago
Who says Go's handling of the corner case is incorrect? The original IPv6 RFCs didn't address the case at all. Then in 2013 RFC6874[1] clarified that the % in the zone identifier MUST be percent encoded when used in a URI, just like Go requires. Then in 2025 this RFC was obsoleted by RFC 9844, which only talks about UI behavior and says nothing about URIs, basically reverting things back to the undefined state prior to 2013. What a fucking mess.

[1] https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6874/

[2] https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc9844/

jasonjayr•26m ago
Also, thank you windows for not having consistent interface ids after reboot. I had to rewrite a configuration file every startup with powershell in order to tackle this case.
yjftsjthsd-h•19m ago
> In order to disambiguate what's the host and what's the port, you typically format the IPv6 address in square brackets, so fe80::4 on port 80 would look like this:

> [fe80::4]:80

I really do wish they'd just stuck with dots. Or if we must upend things, commit to the bit and change the character to separate ports.

lxgr•17m ago
Are URLs of link local addresses a common thing with IPv6? I don’t think I’ve ever encountered one myself (but my home network supports ULAs and more importantly DNS).
_bernd•5m ago
Think of that you want to Provision a "smart device" with just a computer and no router.

These link local addresses are quiet handy. But sadly the parsing of these with modern browsers is a flame war ever since. I assume that's the reason why we don't see its usage that often.

Another nice use case is to use these link local addresses in cloud environments...

epistasis•16m ago
> And with the right scope it looks like this:

    [fe80::4%eth0]:80
> Now let's get URL encoding into the mix. ...

About here my I felt my heart start to beat really fast and I started to hyperventilate.

I'll just accept that this is as much of a nightmare as it seems.

JackSlateur•14m ago
TL;DR: computers were a mistake.
neild•10m ago
> In theory, there is guidance for how to properly handle IPv6 zones in user interfaces in RFC 9884, but there's no such guidance for URLs.

RFC 6874: Representing IPv6 Zone Identifiers in Address Literals and Uniform Resource Identifiers (https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6874.html)

Which says that, yes, you need to %-encode the %, so a URL containing a host of fe80::4%eth0 becomes http://[fe80::4%25eth0]/. Yes, that's ugly. Sorry.

> TL;DR: computers were a mistake.

I agree entirely.

(For what it's worth, I am a maintainer of Go's net/url package, and I believe net/url correctly handles zone ids in URLs. It's always possible there's something wrong I'm not aware of. Please let me know if there is!)

Tharre•4m ago
"IPv6 is weird. One of the more strange parts of the standard is that every interface's link local addresses are in fe80::whatever`."

How is IPv6 weird here, it's the exact same thing in IPv4, no? If you have two different network interfaces, you have to identify which is which somehow, either by assigning a specific IP range to it or by adding some kind of identifier.

Making zones part of addresses in the first place was probably a mistake, I agree, but the problem of address conflicts when users can choose arbitrary addresses certainly isn't a design flaw of IPv6.

AshamedCaptain•3m ago
You complain about URL encoding ? Enter UNC encoding ...

https://devblogs.microsoft.com/oldnewthing/20100915-00/?p=12...

> \\fe80--1ff-fe23-4567-890as3.ipv6-literal.net\share

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