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"An AI Job Apocalypse?" – Goldman Sachs Report [pdf]

https://www.goldmansachs.com/static-libs/pdf-redirect/prod/index.html?path=/pdfs/insights/goldman-sachs-research/an-ai-job-apocalypse/report.pdf&originalQuery=&referrer=
16•aanet•1h ago

Comments

aanet•1h ago
> Rapid improvements in AI capabilities and growing corporate adoption have led to predictions that the technology could lead to large-scale job losses before the end of the decade. So, just how concerned should we be about an AI “job apocalypse”? MIT’s Daron Acemoglu and Neil Thompson and GS’ Joseph Briggs generally agree that these predictions likely won’t come to pass, though they differ on the scale of disruption ahead. Briggs expects significant labor displacement but only temporarily as new jobs eventually emerge. Thompson is less convinced about large-scale job displacement and takes comfort in the ability to anticipate changes, seeing AI as a rising tide rather than a crashing wave for labor. And Acemoglu expects a small net negative impact on labor over the next five years, with possible larger losses over the longer term if investment remains focused on replacing rather than complementing workers. Amid this debate, we find that AI’s impact on corporate labor needs—and earnings—remains too uncertain for markets to reward (for now).

A GS report - including discussions with MIT labor economists DAren Acemoglu (Nobel), Neil Thompson

Quarrel•23m ago
FWIW I think Acemoglu writes very well & I loved his book "Why Nations Fail" for introducing lots of interesting ideas to me, while also helping me understand my own (non-failed) society better.
sublinear•13m ago
What I got from that is, if someone is really so desperate to wipe egg off their face, they'll rename some existing job titles and use that to justify stagnant wages.

After all, you're not a "software engineer" anymore, but an "intelligence engineer"! You can do more with less! Meanwhile, the work is identical and hours are tracked more vigilantly.

Mistletoe•42m ago
I tried to find a GS report from the top of the 2000 tech bubble but couldn't find one. I wonder what it would have said?
TheOtherHobbes•22m ago
There's this, which seems uncontroversial.

https://people.duke.edu/~charvey/Teaching/BA453_2004/Street_...

bayarearefugee•33m ago
> Key to this view is our expectation that over the long run AI will create many new jobs even as it destroys existing ones.

Still waiting for anyone with this viewpoint to offer a single educated guess at what any of these created jobs might look like even in very broad terms.

All I ever see is basically a religious belief that surely something will arise.

I get that previous automation waves have lead to new jobs in the past, but automating knowledge and intelligence is just fundamentally a different thing than anything we have automated in the past and what exactly stops AI from taking those new jobs too as soon as the need for them is recognized?

morkalork•30m ago
I'm still waiting for this theory to demonstrate itself in countries that already have labour surplesses
otterdude•30m ago
> All I ever see is basically a religious belief that surely something will arise.

Welcome to economics! Bullshit and conjecture all the way down.

Waterluvian•28m ago
I think a lot of jobs that have historically been automated were considered “intelligent” jobs.

I’m not sure if this really is different or not. I also think there’s an enormous amount of white collar work that isn’t actually “intelligent” work. Especially in software development.

The question I’ve been pondering isn’t about “where’s the intelligent work?” It’s, “what do we do when we’ve successfully vanquished work itself?” Will we move towards utopia? Or will the power disparity only grow and broken capitalism be used against us?

sublinear
operatingthetan•22m ago
Why are AI boosters turning around and trying to suggest AI now won't take our jobs? Or less jobs than previously stated?

Meanwhile Meta has so much AI compute that they don't know what to do with, and they are ready to lease it out. And corporations suddenly want token austerity across the board. OpenAI is delaying their IPO until "next year."

Something is starting to give.

a34729t•16m ago
Because enough of the plebs are realizing the future is grim, so the PR firms have been put i to action. Earlier this year as if on cue Sam and Dario changed their tune on AI replacing workers.
operatingthetan•13m ago
I think the general public is already kind of bored of AI and the phase of corporations writing blank checks for frontier models is over. The top labs keep doing shady marketing stuff (and various embarrassing stunts) and it's difficult to take their word at face value on anything.

Also Microsoft has been pouring money into AI and it's like not working at all. They might be in trouble.

w10-1•13m ago
Hey investors: companies will pay big to save salaries!

Hey people: not to worry, new jobs will come!

1 + 1 = 3 because growth!

harimau777•19m ago
The thing that I never hear discussed is how long it will take these "new jobs" to materialize and how much they will pay.
AnimalMuppet•5m ago
And what people do before the new jobs show up.
nondevmendel•4m ago
A few points:

1. As a somewhat self-denying but admittedly obvious "tech bro", I can't help but cringe at some of the tech bro podcasts claiming that AI is not going to mass replace jobs. After a previous round of layoffs at my company due to financial constraints. We've managed to not just replace the bulk of our developers withy Claude, but seriously outperform them and build some serious, real-world applications in very short order. These were applications that touch highly sensitive databases across multiple departments in our company. I cannot see where all these engineering jobs are going to go if our small company was able to replace our engineering team with one 4X smaller and get better output.

2. These same podcasters claim that "this is why people should be in trades and doing skilled labor, such as electricians and plumbers." We have to be fools to think that AI + robotics is not going to replace all this very shortly. For the longest time I said it would be about ten years, now, but seeing how my unbogglingly fast Claude got so good (i.e., just compared to last year), I find it hard to imagine that this would be less than three years out. I personally think that these "tech-elite" podcasters are trying to brand a message so that people won't be afraid of AI, but that none of them believe this message themselves.

3. For a tech-first forum/news site, I'm shocked by how anti-AI the sentiment seems to be here. I too am concerned for jobs, but that doesn't change how bullish and excited I am about what I am currently able to build and will be able to build going forward using AI. You may call that selfish, and I won't disagree, but I think it's also intrinsically tech-first, to have this viewpoint. I have no issue with somebody not being tech-first but complaining on Hacker News about a tech-first reality. It sounds disingenuous to me.

•
8m ago
> I also think there’s an enormous amount of white collar work that isn’t actually “intelligent” work. Especially in software development.

That is begging the question pretty hard.

senordevnyc•20m ago
This is such a disingenuous comment. The entire rest of the section where you lifted this quote from directly addresses the thing you’re claiming no one will ever even try to address. And they even close the section by acknowledging that “this time it’s different” might actually be true with AI, and that we simply don’t have enough data to say for sure!
bayarearefugee•7m ago
> The entire rest of the section where you lifted this quote from directly addresses the thing you’re claiming no one will ever even try to address.

Please point me to what I asked for, an example of what this magical new job actually looks like. What does a person with that job do on a day to day basis, in very broad terms. I didn't spot anything like this in the paper.

> And they even close the section by acknowledging that “this time it’s different” might actually be true with AI, and that we simply don’t have enough data to say for sure!

The paper is basically a round-up of three different viewpoints. One of them (Acemoglu) I'm much more in agreement with than the others, and its his contributions you are referencing above.

The quote I pulled came from Briggs. He's the one I want more information from on what these jobs will look like and in what ways these new jobs are safe from AI displacement when the lost jobs they replace are not.

a34729t•15m ago
I wish they would explore alternate hypotheses.
stale2002•11m ago
The people saying that jobs will all go away because of technology have been wrong every single year, up to this year as well.

The burden of proof seems like it's actually on you to show why this current tech boom is any different from previous ones.

As to the answer to your question, well just look at what people are doing at their jobs today. Those are what replaced jobs from 2 years ago.

ryeights•5m ago
OP already answered why this time is different. Previous technology has never reduced the scarcity of general intelligence, which has been the exclusive domain of humans.
ks2048•3m ago
> The burden of proof seems like it's actually on you to show why this current tech boom is any different from previous ones.

In past tech advances, there was always a long list of things that could not be automated by a machine.

For some visions of "AI", almost by definition there is nothing left in that list.

(Except some things, of course, where people want to interact with a human).

Gregaros•8m ago
Onlyfans. Arguably, already began long before AI.
swalsh•7m ago
Okay, work with me on this, because its a stretch.

The new businesses created, might look very much like the old businesses that disappeared. But they're not focused on scale and profits. They're focused on an ideal of pushing the boundaries. Maybe a single craftsman making small one off hand made pieces. Maybe a pizzeria that puts out a small quantity of the best pizza. Little individual pursuits towards perfection. Enabled because economics is not important. If physical AI and super intelligence can do "everything" (work with me here) you're free to do small scale things you love. You're also free to raise children at home, work on mega projects, explore the world.

The alternative is a small subset of an elite inherit the world's wealth, create a prison society of surveillance robots that keep the permanent underclass at bay with video games, tiktoks, and pills.

saimiam•6m ago
1. AI weights managers - people whose job is to optimize model weights to yield highly specific outcomes

2. Agentic tourism - maybe you’ll be able to send your AI agent/robot to visit a place before you decide if it worth your time and investment

3. Vehicular trains on highways where vehicles going to similar destinations coordinate and move as a unit. There’ll be people optimising roads for this. E.g., exit lanes on highways are designed for a handful of cars to exit safely at a time. What if vehicular trains can be thousands of vehicles long like those going to Burning Man?

4. Hallucination historians - people whose job is to document how AI errors have led to changes in the course of history

5. Animal linguistics - people whose can finally study the correlations between how human and animal languages deliver the same information

6. People designing puzzles and challenges to keep AI engaged during routine maintenance

7. S3x workers who specialise in servicing AI bots

8. Cryptographers whose job if to encode content using non mathematical methods because math base cryptography has become a solved problem

9. Interior designers who specialise in humanised decor because everything else is now handled by AI

10. Lawyers who fight cases on AI’s right to participate in the world as equals of biologics

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