https://www.theatlantic.com/science/archive/2025/05/hawk-new...
https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/ethology/articles/10.33...
Now just to clarify I don't think the birds were listening on my radio call. The way I explained it to myself is that they were observing airplanes coming and going long enough that they learned that if an airplane hesitates at that point the next thing they will do is to turn towards the tie-down area. Or maybe it was just randomness. Or maybe as I was making the radio call I already started turning and they just got scarred away by my engine noise.
Edit to add https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2023/08/230828130356.h... . What frequency were you at? Seems they may actually be listening.
I'm not even talking about "deciphering". Even knowing that energy in a certain bandwidth means planes about to leave seems a large jump - and a radio tuned to a station is likely an order of magnitude more stringent than an animal's sensory abilities.
Very cool article. But it sounds like that would be out of the likely range?
The cars aren’t evolving the birds, but they are selecting the fittest.
Adrenaline is hell of a drug… and the best one.
I've seen the similar behavior from the ducks and geese in my neighborhood. Not as extreme, but sometimes I'm out for a walk, and they'll keep a wary eye on me, but will be content with the situation at 6-10 feet away, and won't actually take off unless I try to chase them. I don't think it's so much that they're "cutting it close" as that they're justifiably confident that humans are too slow to catch them at that distance and generally don't even try. But on the other hand, different groups of them seem to have different distances they're comfortable with. It's not like they've all solved the same optimization problem to three decimal places - some are confident and some are wary.
Of course, there are lots of stories of animals who got overly familiar with humans right up until the humans surprised them. As a funny example, I remember one time a cat that had grown up around my not-very-athletic family escaped the house and had to be brought back inside. At one point, it made a break for it along the long side of the house and was visibly shocked when my runner of a fiance ran it down and cut it off. This wasn't its first time running from us, but it had never run from him before, and it clearly didn't think humans could be that fast.
I don't think animals optimize as hard for benefit in everything as biology might lead you to believe. They build experience. They make mistakes. They're very cautious in new situations, but they can also be confident to the point of cocky if they think they know what you can't do. There's lots and lots of videos of cocky animals guessing wrong. It makes sense to me that maybe every individual animal isn't prudently optimizing hard for its own survival so much as that the group of them, with different temperaments, try different things and sometimes it works out and sometimes it doesn't and maybe there's a balance between weeding out dumb ideas and retaining the capacity to try things.
I think the idea that animals are always optimizing for survival and that everything must be for some benefit is misleading anyway. I mean, in an ultimate sense, you could say the same thing about humans, that they must always be optimizing for survival and reproduction, and whether or not that's true, it's definitely not true in a simple and obvious way on the level of day-to-day activities. We do a lot of dangerous and dumb and non-productive stuff. I don't think animals are different.
In fact, it makes sense to me to leave some reserve capacity. If surviving in good times takes all your time and energy, what are you going to do in hard times? Therefore animals typically have a lot of time for goofing off, and that certainly seems to me like what they're doing most of the time. They would similarly have room for trying stupid things and taking unnecessary risks.
A favorite video on the topic: https://youtu.be/UezzQSUwIgo
I still remember the look on her face when I got to the corner before her. She looked at me like "what is this terrifying new creature?" as she stumbled backwards looking for a way to escape something faster than her. By the time she'd decided on a course of action, someone else (I think your brother) had grabbed her from behind.
The central vision is slower-response, higher-resolution, and of course color vision.
The peripheral vision is monochrome and has a much faster flicker-fusion, tuned to picking up motion in the periphery.
So, the same flicker rate that you never notice on a small monitor may flicker annoyingly on a large monitor. To check that a setup will not flicker for you, set it up in a darkish room, focus around 70°-100° to one side of the monitor so it is in your peripheral vision, and both look at one place and notice your periphery, and also move your focus quickly from one place to another and notice if the screen blurs like bright stationary objects or looks like a discontinuous blur (really easy to get that effect with fluorescent lights). Do it both left & right and towards the ceiling. If flicker shows up in these tests, it will still eventually bug you when looking directly at the screen, even if it isn't as noticeable because your focus is in the center of your vision.
Something like a moving mouse cursor shows the same image at different positions. As an experiment, create a fullscreen image with the opposite color of your mouse cursor. Look at a fixed spot of this image, then rapidly move your mouse cursor across it. Rather than a moving image, you will see a bunch of copies of the cursor at fixed positions.
Similarly, track a rapidly moving cursor with your eyes. It will appear blurry, even though your eyes have no trouble sharply seeing an object moving at that speed in the natural world.
You can also try flashing an image for a very short amount of time. You'll be able to see and remember its content, even when it is being displayed for a period far shorter than flicker fusion would suggest you'd be able to see.
[coughs] Bullshit.
Peregrine falcons adapted quite well, and they're much more sizeable. That said, their size make them very apt to hunt pigeons, so this could be a less risky niche to hunt for; I mean, pigeons usually fly higher up than sparrows.
City pigeons just tend to become fat, lazy and used to suppressing their flee response around traffic and people.
†Is "intelligence" even the right word here? I don't know. Much depends on how you define it, I guess, combined with the unknowability of the pigeon's own mental processes.
Small, but majestic nonetheless.
Funnily enough in France:
- buzzard is "buse" (mostly - although not limited to - Buteo[1])
- there's an unrelated yet identically pronounced "busard" (Circus[2]).
- EDIT: oh, and "balbuzard" (Pandion[3] a.k.a ospreys)
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buteo
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flaco_(owl)
Even his death (due to a collision with a building) was likely less because of his ability to survive, since he managed to learn all the skills necessary, and more due to the fact that his primary food source, rats in and around the city, were laden with rat poison.
We have consistently and regularly underestimated non human animals cognitive abilities which is frankly strange if you understand evolution since it would be strange for only humans to have a certain evolutionary feature such as intelligence and every other species to not have it at all.
I think humans have done precisely what humans do: misunderstand. Unlike other animals, humans don't have the ability to understand creatures they have not studied for long periods of time.
We know animals are intelligent. But we don't know what intelligence means. Is it something we can use? no? then it is something we ignore. And it is most likely something we disrespect.
I'm not sure what you mean. As far as I am aware -- and according to every source I've looked at in the last few minutes -- Peregrine falcons and Cooper's hawks are about the same size (length and wingspan are within 1-2 inches).
Interestingly, while peregrines and accipiters like Cooper's share a habit of taking passerines in flight, the response of potential prey seems to differ. I frequently see songbirds mob a Cooper's; I can't think offhand of a time I've seen them respond to a peregrine other than by crypsis.
Around here the only ones who would dare mob a peregrine would be crows.
I may be mistaken but that's what I found:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peregrine_falcon
> The peregrine falcon has a body length of 34 to 58 cm (13–23 in) and a wingspan from 74 to 120 cm (29–47 in)
> Males weigh 330 to 1,000 g (12–35 oz) and the noticeably larger females weigh 700 to 1,500 g (25–53 oz)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cooper%27s_hawk
> Total length of full-grown birds can vary from 35 to 46 cm (14 to 18 in) in males and 42 to 50 cm (17 to 20 in) in females. Wingspan may range from 62 to 99 cm (24 to 39 in), with an average of around 84 cm (33 in)
> In northern Florida, males averaged 288 g (10.2 oz) and females averaged 523 g (1.153 lb). In general, males may weigh anywhere from 215 to 390 g (7.6 to 13.8 oz) and females anywhere from 305.8 to 701 g (0.674 to 1.545 lb), the lightest hawks generally being juveniles recorded from the Goshutes of Nevada, the heaviest known being adults from Wisconsin
(not putting the full regional rundown, just the biggest entry)
Quail won't take off if a falcon's shadow passes over them; they'll burst if a hawk's does.
https://m.galaxybound.com/@vidar/114256153547342202
And a short walk from mine:
https://m.galaxybound.com/@vidar/114582595390607406
They're everywhere at this point.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?app=desktop&v=TMRRsBh5GDI
I spend too much time on this...
It feels surreal in best way possible, I come from eastern Europe and cities back home are always a mix of crows, pigeons and little birds, mostly sprigs and sparrows. Birds of prey - thats stuff for wilderness only.
One more thing to adapt to, not complaining at all though. To be clear - these are not megacities, but still sizeable enough to expect wilderness was driven away to mountains which are never too far here, especially for birds.
https://urbanraptor.org/research/seattle-coopers-hawk-projec...
There are over a hundred nesting pairs in Seattle.
They were big birds. Intimidating wingspans, if hit by cars on their highways: they damaged cars, etc.
She started driving and spotted some crows. The hawk saw them as well. Wearing a “don’t kill me either your claws” glove, she moved her hand to the hawk, who gleefully jumped on. She rolled down her window, stuck the hawk outside, and it was basically a drive by shooting with a bird bullet. This happened three times.
My most vivid memory of this was her ripping the crows apart into pieces and putting the then into a bucket, like it was sushi you’d order from KFC.
Don't hate the player, baby.
I feel I have to reply, but I have no idea what to say.
Still an intelligent action, only does not mean the hawk understands the signal itself.
When food is on the line, animals can figure all sorts of things out.
Of course, I prefer the double-c variant because of the orthographic anomaly of the person who tends to the raccoons' area at the zoo, the raccoon-nook-keeper.
In the second sentence.
Not even run through an AI grammar-checker?
A bit of a shower thought, but I think you can probably generalize that idea: Most birds spend a significant part of their life in the air, looking down onto human-designed landscapes. The aerial view of our cities is probably as familiar to them as our neighborhood streets are to us.
But unlike Google Maps, they see the city moving - all the cars, pedestrians, trams, railways, etc. It seems likely to me that if this is what you see day-in, day-out, because it is literally the space you are living in, you will pick up some general patterns in what you see and might even start to experiment how those patterns can be exploited.
The opening few chapters of Perdido Street Station does a great job of conveying this difference.
I figure the usual association with birds or perhaps animals in general is still mostly based on ‘humans smart; animals dumb’ instead of actual research.
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But it turns out this grammatical cue is an effective way to discover that the comment is not about an American south Jersey but a British one.