Docker Debug was previously a paid-for feature, now available for free since v4.49

Only for "Docker Desktop 4.49 and later"

Does podman contain or plan to implement something similar? Seems very useful.

Please note the analogous mechanism on kubernetes ("ephemeral containers") works only with the pod's shareProcessNamespace: true setting, which is usually off. So you won't be able to do this out of the box with your deployment already running on a typical stack