frontpage.
newsnewestaskshowjobs

Made with ♥ by @iamnishanth

Open Source @Github

fp.

Open in hackernews

Universe's expansion 'is now slowing, not speeding up'

https://ras.ac.uk/news-and-press/research-highlights/universes-expansion-now-slowing-not-speeding
57•chrka•2h ago

Comments

karakot•1h ago
What does 'now' mean here?
plasticchris•1h ago
Probably it means that now we have evidence that… it is a colloquialism

Edit: yep, The universe's expansion may actually have started to slow rather than accelerating at an ever-increasing rate as previously thought, a new study suggests.

sermah•1h ago
Recent years, probably because of large data centers /s
thelibrarian•1h ago
Going by the second graph, since about 2.5 billion years ago.
2OEH8eoCRo0•51m ago
What happened to then?
denismenace•1h ago
Did it change during our life time?
oofbey•1h ago
Just our understanding of it. That’s flipped multiple times in my lifetime.
candiddevmike•1h ago
Aside from unanswerable questions (has the universe started to fill it's container? Is a simulation property nearing "1"?), does this make long distance space travel feasible again? I thought there was something around the universe is expanding too fast to visit places like Alpha Centuri (and preventing visitors to us).
indoordin0saur•1h ago
The universe was always only expanding between galaxies, not within them.
Razengan•43m ago
So wait, individual stars aren't getting further apart? Galaxies aren't getting "bigger"/more diffuse?
kmeisthax•33m ago
Galaxies have enough gravity to counteract the expansion of the universe.
oofbey•1h ago
That limitation only counts for visiting other galaxies. Travel within the galaxy is always possible, regardless of the universe’s expansion. And Alpha Centauri is super close, even within our galaxy.
dtech•1h ago
Specifically the local group, so Milky way + Andromeda and some dwarf galaxies
Sharlin•1h ago
Dozens of dwarf galaxies, even! Also, Triangulum is sort of borderline at around 70% of the Milky Way's diameter, although admittedly only 10% of its mass. But Mars is also around 10% of Earth's mass, for a comparison.
Sharlin•1h ago
Edit: A big brain fart, ignore the retracted part below. Colonizing the universe is of course impossible in 100My, barring FTL. What the paper I referred to [1] says is that colonizing the Milky Way may take less than that, and if you can do that, spreading to the rest of the observable universe is fairly easy, very relatively speaking.

<retracted> According to some calculations, it should in principle be possible to colonize the entire observable universe in less than a hundred million years. It's much too fast for the expansion to affect except marginally.</retracted>

The relative jump in difficulty from interstellar to intergalactic is much smaller than from interplanetary to interstellar.

Anyway, as others said, mere intragalactic (and intra-Local Group) travel is not affected by expansion in any way whatsoever.

[1] https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S00945..., PDF at https://www.aleph.se/papers/Spamming%20the%20universe.pdf

hn_acc1•54m ago
I found someone saying colonize the Milky Way Galaxy in ~90m years? Is that what you meant?

The observable universe is ~93B LY - unless you're assuming FTL (and MUCH faster than light), I don't see how that's possible?

Sharlin•24m ago
Yes, my brain totally froze. Added a correction.
delta_p_delta_x•51m ago
> The relative jump in difficulty from interstellar to intergalactic is much smaller than from interplanetary to interstellar.

Interesting way to put it... This doesn't seem that accurate. With sufficiently advanced technology, many of which we already possess, we could expect to propel a minute spacecraft to a considerable fraction of the speed of light, and reach nearby stars possibly within the end of the century. Reaching the other end of the galaxy is a massive undertaking. It's a logarithmic scale at every step of the way.

Pluto is about 38 AU from Earth. Proxima Centauri is about 6.3 × 10^4 AU away (or about 4.24 ly), and that's roughly a 2 × 10^3 multiplication. The Milky Way is about 50000 ly in radius, and the Andromeda Galaxy is about 3 × 10^6 ly away. Going from interplanetary distances to interstellar, and thence to intergalactic, involves at least a 10^5 factor (give or take) at each step.

mkl•29m ago
If you can get to a star 100 light years away, you can get to Andromeda. It doesn't require going faster, just waiting longer.
skissane•14m ago
I guess the question is… we know what our current propulsion technology is capable of… given a million years of further technological development, where will our technology be?

The idea that, given a million years of further technological development, intergalactic travel might actually be feasible, isn’t really that implausible. Far from certain, but far from implausible either.

And that’s the thing-a million years is a technological eternity, a rounding error in estimates of time to colonise the galaxy/the local group/the observable universe.

xoa•50m ago
>According to some calculations, it should in principle be possible to colonize the entire observable universe in less than a hundred million years

...what? That doesn't seem right, just from a really quick gut check it looks like the observable universe has a radius of 45.7 billion light years [0]. Even if the universe wasn't expanding nobody could get to everything any faster than that number of years right? Maybe you saw something that was talking about the local (Virgo) supercluster, which I think has a radius of around 55 million light years, so that sounds more like something that could be done on that timescale "in theory". But there are millions and millions of superclusters in the observable universe overall.

----

0: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Observable_universe

palmotea•32m ago
>> According to some calculations, it should in principle be possible to colonize the entire observable universe in less than a hundred million years

> ...what? That doesn't seem right, just from a really quick gut check it looks like the observable universe has a radius of 45.7 billion light years [0].

I guess it depends on whose hundred million years you're talking about: the colonists' or those who stay home's. I don't know how to do the calculations, but it seems plausible that you could traverse the entire observable universe at near light-speed in 100 million years ship time.

Sharlin•30m ago
Oops, yes, I don't know what I was thinking. A total brain fart. The paper I referred to is Sandberg and Armstrong's 2012 "Eternity in Six Hours", and of course they don't claim such a thing. Only that it's possible to start a colonization wave that has plenty of time to spread to everything visible now before they slip outside of our future light cone. The ~100M years refers to the colonization of the Milky Way. Sorry!

[1] https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S00945...

jfengel•31m ago
The limit to space travel is the Rocket Equation, which says that you require exponential fuel to reach higher speeds. Alpha Centauri isn't going anywhere, but it will take millennia of travel even with wildly optimistic assumptions.

Also note that there isn't any "container" to fill up. It could well be infinite. It's just that we will be forever limited to a finite subset, even in theory.

redwood•1h ago
Was there a date at the top of this? I didn't see one. I saw a similar headlines earlier this year and I'm trying to understand that this is something new
felixfurtak•1h ago
the linked journal article is dated Nov 6 2025
observationist•1h ago
>>>Submitted by Sam Tonkin on Thu, 06/11/2025

At the very bottom. Weird how style guides keep putting important information like this in harder to reach places.

palmotea•34m ago
Is it SEO? IIRC there's a trend of removing dates from blog posts and articles, and my understanding it's to make the content seem more "evergreen" to Google (vs and article with a date, they may get down-ranked eventually due to age).
samdoesnothing•1h ago
Thanks, AI.
jimbo808•1h ago
Anyone know how credible this is? If true, then that means the big bounce is back on the menu, and the universe could actually be an infinitely oscillating system.
jampekka•1h ago
At least The Guardian has a comment from an independent expert:

"Prof Carlos Frenk, a cosmologist at the University of Durham, who was not involved in the latest work, said the findings were worthy of attention. “It’s definitely interesting. It’s very provocative. It may well be wrong,” he said. “It’s not something that you can dismiss. They’ve put out a paper with tantalising results with very profound conclusions.”"

https://www.theguardian.com/science/2025/nov/06/universe-exp...

HeinzStuckeIt•1h ago
As an academic, that is exactly what the kind of noncommittal, don’t burn your bridges with colleagues and funding bodies thing that I would say about even clearly flawed research if I were put on the spot by a popular-press publication. In fact, if you know you can rebut flawed research in time, you might want to assist in hyping it first so that your rebuttal will then make a bigger splash and benefit your personal brand.
observationist•58m ago
The more we learn, the less we end up knowing about how "everything" works - some things are mathematical in nature and demonstrate absolutes, but frameworks shift, and complexify, and exceptions to things we thought absolutes have occurred throughout history.

For claims about how the universe works at scales and timeframes so utterly beyond anything testable, it's a little difficult to say this is credible at all - not dunking on the researchers, but in order to validate their conclusions, there's a whole chain of dependencies and assumptions you'd have to follow along with, and each of those things will be its own complex birds nest tangle of assertions, and I don't see how you can really say one way or another until you have a lot more information and a lot better Theory of Everything than we've got right now.

For what it's worth, for all the impact it'll have on anyone's life outside of academia, I'd say they're 100% correct and people should buy them free beers at their local pubs for at least the next year in return for explaining their ideas at length.

khimaros•43m ago
time to re-read "The Last Question"
Cantinflas•33m ago
Asimov was so good. Amazing story
CamperBob2•20m ago
"Sorry, but as a large language model, I cannot provide advice on how to reverse entropy."
pdonis•32m ago
> If true, then that means the big bounce is back on the menu

I don't think so. Deceleration does not imply recollapse. AFAIK none of this changes the basic fact that there isn't enough matter in the universe to cause it to recollapse. The expansion will just decelerate forever, never quite stopping.

pdonis•30m ago
> Anyone know how credible this is?

AFAIK the previous models that all assumed that Type 1a supernovae were not affected by the age of the progenitor stars had no actual analysis to back that up; it was just the simplest assumption. This research is now actually doing the analysis.

sfink•57m ago
If you cover up the part of the Figure 3 graph past "now", it kind of fits a sine wave. https://ras.ac.uk/sites/default/files/2025-10/Figure%203.jpg

Universe gong.

ertgbnm•50m ago
Seems like the problem should be pretty easy to figure out. Just need to wait ~5 gigayears and see which model is right. I'm personally hoping for deceleration so that we have more total visitable volume.

I'll set a reminder to check back at that time to see who was right.

aatd86•43m ago
I would not be surprised if the universe was somewhat elastic, expands and then contracts and then expands ad infinitam. After all, existence in itself is irrefutable and cannot not exist by definition.

If we subscribe to a theory of the multiverse, set theory, likelihood, and interaction driven evolution based on gradient type of fundamental laws. Locally changing. Obviously everything sharing a fundamental quality that is part of existence itself. But obviously there are sets, there is differentiation. But it is not created, the infinity of unconstrained possibilities exists in the first place and reorganizes itself a bit like people are attracted to people who share some commonalities or have something they need from each other and form tribes. Same processus kind of works for synapse connections, works for molecule formations, works for atoms... etc... Everything is mostly interacting data.

We could say that the concept of distance is a concept of likelihood. The closer is also the most likely.

Just a little weird idea. I need to think a bit more about it. Somewhat metaphysic?

antonvs•30m ago
> After all, existence in itself is irrefutable and cannot not exist by definition.

I can say the same about forgnoz, which is something I've just invented that must exist by definition.

You'd need to try a bit harder to make existence actually inevitable.

bombdailer•11m ago
Eventually we will find that the heat death of the universe and the big bang are the same thing, since the totality of the universe is always a oneness, then from the universal perspective the infinitely small and infinitely large are the same thing (one), then they by nature bleed into (and define) each other like yin and yang.
nabakin•42m ago
> type Ia supernovae, long regarded as the universe’s "standard candles", are in fact strongly affected by the age of their progenitor stars.

A key point in the article. From what I understand, this is the main way we measure things of vast distance and, from that, determine the universe's rate of expansion. If our understanding of these supernovae is wrong, as this paper claims, that would be a massive scientific breakthrough.

I'm really interested in the counterargument to this.

ardit33•36m ago
Circular universe...? big bang -> expands -> expansion slows -> starts retracting -> singularity again -> big bang again

Roger Penrose seems to be leaning/more convinced of the circular universe theory....

johnwheeler•29m ago
Just because infinity is a hard thing to understand doesn't mean the universe is and has always been infinite.
mrbluecoat•29m ago
I have a great deal of respect for the sciences but sometimes astronomy just feels like one giant guessing game: age of the universe, big bang starting as a joke and all the "first minute" timelines thereafter, dark energy and dark matter (code for we have no idea what it is) vastly outnumbering everything else, and now questioning the Nobel Prize-awarded universe expansion. Meanwhile, asteroids the size of buses+ keep whizzing by closer than the moon with little or no warning. Sigh.
CamperBob2•17m ago
That's a feature! If you want to be certain, you need religion, not science.

And of course, the people concerned with tracking near-earth asteroids are not connected in any way with cosmology.

shomp•11m ago
Mainstream physics has been delighted to ignore/abandon essential conservation laws when talking about the expanding universe. It's kinda weird, I tried publishing a paper on it recently and it was not received well. In general, if conservation laws are to hold, expansion must be balanced with [eventual] contraction, is that not obvious? Apparently it was quite contentious to say until... this article?

Foreign Food Safety Inspections Hit Historic Low After Trump Cuts

https://www.propublica.org/article/foreign-food-safety-inspections-historic-low-fda
1•hn_acker•1m ago•0 comments

Document Chat System

https://document-chat-system.vercel.app
1•watat83•2m ago•1 comments

Dash0: Otel-Native Observability, Simplified

https://www.dash0.com
2•bradhe•3m ago•0 comments

The Hardest-Working Art Thief in History

https://magazine.atavist.com/2025/blue-book-burglar-art-heist
1•gmays•3m ago•0 comments

Tesla Shareholders Approve Elon Musk's $1T Pay Package

https://www.wired.com/story/tesla-shareholders-approve-musk-1-trillion-dollar-pay-package/
2•AndrewDucker•4m ago•1 comments

Elder Futhark Runes in UTF-8 in a CLI Tool Written in Go

https://github.com/DavidCanHelp/Runes
1•DavidCanHelp•6m ago•0 comments

Are you still paying your rent?

https://www.redfin.com/WA/Bellevue/4123-150th-Ave-SE-98006/home/233955
1•dylan_zhou•6m ago•1 comments

OWASP Top:10 2025 RC1

https://owasp.org/Top10/2025/0x00_2025-Introduction/
1•chha•8m ago•0 comments

Ask HN: By now, Why does every person and project not have an AI?

1•1dolinski•9m ago•2 comments

Show HN: Insinuate – tense description party game

https://wilf.live/insinuate/
1•wolfred•15m ago•0 comments

Differentiation and how it could be the reason why reality exists

https://carlo-htgdc.medium.com/the-principle-of-differentiation-and-how-its-the-reason-why-realit...
1•rlili•18m ago•0 comments

Luanti Non-Profit: We've Joined Open Collective Europe

https://blog.luanti.org/2025/11/05/non-profit/
1•bovermyer•21m ago•0 comments

Elon Musk Wins $1T Tesla Payday

https://www.nytimes.com/2025/11/06/business/elon-musk-tesla-pay-vote.html
3•amelius•21m ago•1 comments

Hurrah to the Fallen Comrades

https://blog.osm-ai.net/2025/11/05/hurrah-to-the-fallen-comrades.html
1•osm3000•23m ago•1 comments

DNA and jolts of electricity get people to make optimal antibodies

https://arstechnica.com/science/2025/10/dna-and-jolts-of-electricity-get-people-to-make-optimal-a...
1•PaulHoule•26m ago•0 comments

Game Design Is Simple

https://www.raphkoster.com/2025/11/03/game-design-is-simple-actually/
6•vrnvu•26m ago•0 comments

Copilot leaked information and misrouted to another users

https://docs.cloud.google.com/support/bulletins
2•benjiro•28m ago•1 comments

AI Agent Guides from Google, Anthropic, Microsoft, etc. Released This Week

https://sarthakai.substack.com/p/6-ai-agent-guides-from-google-anthropic
2•sarthakrastogi•28m ago•0 comments

Europeans recognize Zohran Mamdani's policies as 'normal'

https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2025/nov/06/europe-zohran-mamdani-policies-normal
12•mykowebhn•28m ago•5 comments

US judge approves DOJ decision to drop Boeing criminal case

https://journalrecord.com/2025/11/06/boeing-737-max-criminal-case-dismissed/
1•layer8•28m ago•0 comments

Show HN: Tool2agent – a protocol for LLM tool feedback workflows

https://github.com/tool2agent/tool2agent
1•klntsky•29m ago•0 comments

Azure Cosmos DB and DocumentDB Agenda for Microsoft Ignite 2025

https://devblogs.microsoft.com/cosmosdb/azure-cosmosdb-documentdb-agenda-microsoft-ignite-2025/
1•jaydestro•30m ago•1 comments

YOLO Mode Is How You Build Fast. Auditable Control Is How You Ship Faster

https://securetrajectories.substack.com/p/auditable-control-coding-agents
1•mooreds•30m ago•0 comments

Show HN: I made a Halloween roguelike where you battle to merge a 1000-line PR

https://haystackeditor.com/game
1•akshaysg•30m ago•0 comments

Detection of Covid via sound of cough by machine-learning with 98.5% accuracy

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-025-22874-7/figures/1
1•ck2•33m ago•0 comments

How Much Does This Meeting Cost?

https://ramezanpour.net/post/2025/11/06/how-much-does-this-meeting-cost
2•ramezanpour•33m ago•2 comments

Developing a 80000x40000 linear scanning medium format camera [video]

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KSvjJGbFCws
1•ivanjermakov•33m ago•0 comments

Apple's Watch Will Lose Wi-Fi Sync with iPhone in Europe

https://twitter.com/Apple_Geek_Actu/status/1985784632949031402
1•redbell•33m ago•0 comments

Medical miracles in Lourdes, France recognized by the Catholic Church 2018-2025

https://www.saintbeluga.org/our-lady-of-lourdes-immaculate-conception
3•michelangelodev•34m ago•0 comments

First Look at Local Housing Markets in October

https://calculatedrisk.substack.com/p/1st-look-at-local-housing-markets-137
1•mooreds•34m ago•0 comments