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Facial recognition should not be introduced without Scottish Givernment sign off

https://www.thenational.scot/news/25696771.orwellian-facial-recognition-shouldnt-introduced-witho...
1•nephihaha•5m ago•1 comments

The left has become preserve of old white men

https://www.thenational.scot/politics/25696958.radical-left-become-preserve-old-white-men/
2•nephihaha•8m ago•1 comments

My AI Usage Manifesto

https://jshamsul.com/essays/2025-12-13-my-ai-usage-manifesto
1•jibone•9m ago•0 comments

The Gorman Paradox: An Explanation? – Codemanship's Blog

https://codemanship.wordpress.com/2025/12/15/the-gorman-paradox-an-explanation/
1•rbanffy•13m ago•0 comments

Rejecting rebase and stacked diffs, my way of doing atomic commits

https://iain.rocks/blog/2025/12/15/rejecting-rebase-and-stack-diffs-my-way-of-doing-atomic-commits
1•that_guy_iain•15m ago•0 comments

SK Hynix Forecasts Tight Memory Supply Lasting Through 2028

https://www.techpowerup.com/344063/sk-hynix-forecasts-tight-memory-supply-lasting-through-2028
1•akyuu•16m ago•0 comments

Chain Prompts Like Unix Tools with Dotprompt

https://pythonic.ninja/blog/2025-11-27-dotprompt-unix-pipes/
1•PythonicNinja•18m ago•0 comments

Show HN: LeagueOfLegends AI Coach

https://github.com/sorena-ai/LeagueAiCoach
1•danielbedrood•18m ago•0 comments

Show HN: Turn LinkedIn/GitHub into a personal website in 2 min (open-source)

https://github.com/yashrathi-git/portfolioly
1•produktive•19m ago•0 comments

Avoid UUIDv4 Primary Keys

https://andyatkinson.com/avoid-uuid-version-4-primary-keys
2•pil0u•22m ago•0 comments

Why New York Has Backed Off on Addressing Climate Change

https://www.nytimes.com/2025/12/15/nyregion/why-new-york-has-backed-off-on-addressing-climate-cha...
2•fleahunter•22m ago•0 comments

OS-9

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OS-9
2•doener•25m ago•0 comments

These Aren't the Tools You're Looking For: The Hidden Dangers of MCP

https://ainativedev.io/news/these-aren-t-the-tools-you-re-looking-for-the-hidden-dangers-of-mcp
1•ben_s•26m ago•0 comments

The First Moonwalk – Bill Bailey – The Apollo Theatre – New York – 1955 [video]

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y71njpDH3co
1•handfuloflight•26m ago•0 comments

Building a High-Performance OpenAPI Parser in Go

https://www.speakeasy.com/blog/building-speakeasy-openapi-go-library
1•subomi•27m ago•0 comments

Deep-learning model predicts how fruit flies form, cell by cell

https://news.mit.edu/2025/deep-learning-model-predicts-how-fruit-flies-form-1215
3•fleahunter•29m ago•0 comments

The Importance of Network Effects for Startups

https://www.techfounderstack.com/p/the-importance-of-network-effects
1•makle•30m ago•0 comments

Korea mandates switch to 5G standalone, warns carriers of measures

https://biz.chosun.com/en/en-it/2025/12/10/IQDII7T33REKFGHNYCMM44QSX4/
2•ksec•31m ago•0 comments

Show HN: A playful repo full of Christmas easter eggs

https://github.com/openapi/xmas-party
3•francescobianco•32m ago•0 comments

New Bill That Would Ban 'Chemtrails' Advances in South Carolina Senate

https://www.charlottestories.com/new-bill-that-would-ban-chemtrails-advances-in-south-carolina-se...
1•doener•34m ago•0 comments

Starlink and Chinese satellites nearly collided last week

https://www.theverge.com/news/844502/starlink-and-chinese-satellites-nearly-collided-last-week
2•quapster•35m ago•0 comments

iRobot Files for Bankruptcy

https://www.theverge.com/news/844460/irobot-files-for-bankruptcy
3•praving5•38m ago•0 comments

Show HN: Gochu – Uncensored AI chat, free and no email required

https://gochu.app
1•theuniquebob•38m ago•1 comments

Roomba Maker iRobot Files for Bankruptcy and Will Go Private

https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2025-12-15/robot-vacuum-roomba-maker-files-for-bankruptcy...
2•ksec•41m ago•0 comments

GitCrafts, AI powered documentation assistant that generates docs in 60 seconds

https://www.gitcrafts.pro/
1•deecodes•43m ago•1 comments

Zyn 0.3.0 – An extensible pub/sub messaging protocol for real-time apps

https://github.com/zyn-org/zyn/releases/tag/zyn-0.3.0
1•ortuman•47m ago•0 comments

HTML5 genetic algorithm 2D car thingy

https://rednuht.org/genetic_cars_2/
1•fanf2•48m ago•0 comments

How to Be Exceptional at Anything

https://abdulhamidhassan.com/post/802459222214410240/how-to-be-exceptional-at-anything
1•kiyanwang•48m ago•0 comments

Thread Map – Amp

https://ampcode.com/news/thread-map
1•mefengl•49m ago•0 comments

What Is PVD? Understanding Its Role in Vacuum Coating Technology

1•daugu•50m ago•0 comments
Open in hackernews

Rust Coreutils 0.5.0 Release: 87.75% compatibility with GNU Coreutils

https://github.com/uutils/coreutils/releases/tag/0.5.0
94•maxloh•17h ago

Comments

akagusu•17h ago
With you want 100% compatibility with GNU Coreutils + memory safety just compile Coreutils with Fil-C. 100% compatibility with 0 rewrite.
bfrog•16h ago
Is Fil-C free of runtime overhead?
f_devd•16h ago
No, it's gc-like. Up to 4x slowdown iirc
westurner•15h ago
To better port C to Rust: 3C (Checked C), c2rust, Crown ownership analysis, RustMap, c2saferrust (LLM), Laertes
testdelacc1•15h ago
The run time overhead is 2-4x.
bfrog•12h ago
Isn't this putting it in the Java territory?
testdelacc1•11h ago
Yeah, pretty much. If someone is ok with a 3-4x slower program with higher memory consumption, that’s great if it saves you development time. But I can’t see someone starting a new project in Fil-C when more performant and ergonomic options exist - Java, C#, Go, Swift, Rust. Even Javascript.
bitbasher•15h ago
The problem is in the unknowns. The "unknowns" in a C implementation means arbitrary code execution and all kinds of nasty. The unknowns in a Rust implementation means a crash/denial of service.

I know which I prefer.

yjftsjthsd-h•15h ago
> The "unknowns" in a C implementation means arbitrary code execution and all kinds of nasty.

In Fil-C?

stefan_•15h ago
There is no "arbitrary code execution and all kinds of nasty" in the Fil-C version and it profits from the decades spent fixing all the logic bugs, races, environment variable mess in coreutils.

Meanwhile, the Rust version of course is vulnerable to all of those: https://ubuntu.com/security/notices/USN-7867-1

josephg•15h ago
In the short term, yeah 4x slower coreutils is probably worth it for memory safe code. In the long run, I’m glad rust coreutils is slowly working through these compatibility issues so we don’t have to pay for memory safety. Yeah, it'll have new bugs. And right now it’s slightly incompatible. But give it a few more years to cook. I’m sure they’ll get there.

As an aside, I find it weird how much negativity rewrites like this get. If someone decided to make a new web browser, C compiler or kernel people would be congratulating them. I really don’t understand the conservatism when it comes to Linux. Is the current implementation perfect? Should it be preserved in amber? The gnu runtime seems like a messy, badly specified hairball of hacky, inconsistent scripts to me. Some guys in a certain room in the 70s and 80s wrote some C programs. And now every bad idea they had lives in perpetuity in my /usr/bin directory? In the decades since, these tools have sprouted hundreds of weird features that almost nobody uses. And now what, people care what language it’s all written in? This code must never be changed?? Who cares.

wavemode•14h ago
> 4x slower coreutils

I doubt this is true in practice. The majority of coreutils spend the majority of their time waiting for the results of IO/syscalls. (The exception would probably be, the hashing utilities like md5sum.)

stefan_•14h ago
I tried md5sum and sha256sum and there was exactly zero difference in runtime (the Fil-C version of sha256sum was consistently faster, in fact..)
josephg•13h ago
Why would it be faster? That seems suspicious to me.

Is all the code being compiled with the same flags? Shasum probably benefits a lot from intrinsics that are only available on newer CPU targets.

0cf8612b2e1e•13h ago
Those are also highly algorithmic tools. Probably few code paths and a lot of vector operations where competing compilers may not have much room to differentiate.
josephg•12h ago
It really depends based on how shasum is implemented. If its implemented in assembly, it'll perform the same no matter how its compiled. But if its written using C code, the compiler has a lot of latitude to vectorize based on target CPU features. And not just SSE2 and AVX. Even popcnt isn't even available in the baseline x86_64 target for llvm.

The Fil-C compiler is a fork of llvm. There's no way all that garbage collection code would make fil-c faster. So if its faster, its probably using different target flags. And in that case, its not a fair benchmark comparison.

stefan_•12h ago
I'm sure theres a difference in the binary, for a real comparison you would need to compile the same coreutils version with the same options.

I just think the assertion that "compute-heavy" tools like sha256sum would be especially affected by Fil-C is not true, and if that was true given the "baseline slowdown" of 4x, surely it would show up in this sloppy test.

ottah•14h ago
GNU utils is battle tested, well reviewed, and STABLE. That's really what I want in an OS, stability. Rust solves only one case of security issues, but it cannot solve logical errors, which there will be many of in a new software project.

I just don't see what's to gain, to suffer through years of instability, waiting for a userspace suite to mature, and reach feature parity, when we have a well understood, and safe tool set know.

Maybe in five years, when coreutils is complete, I'd be okay with Ubuntu replacing user land with it. But we're not there, and it's a problem we shouldn't have to tolerate.

Also I can't stand we're leaving GPL code behind for MIT.

steveklabnik•14h ago
Luckily, the existence of uutils doesn’t change the fact that GNU coreutils exists. In fact, it’s helped improve the stability of the GNU coreutils by clarifying intended behavior and adding test cases. So if you prefer them, you should stick to them. Nobody is taking anything from you.
ottah•14h ago
So I guess to properly clarify, I absolutely do not mind that someone wants to build coreutils in Rust. I don't have a problem with Rust Coreutils existing.

The problem, and the real issue I have is that this project is being used as the default in major linux distros. Eager adoption of this project, and making it the production target does take away things from me. The interface has changed, stability is affected. Correctness is now measured against this incomplete implementation first, not the known correct, and stable GNU coreutils.

steveklabnik•14h ago
That’s not what is happening. One distro is kicking the tires on using this by default. The purpose is exactly because the GNU versions are being treated as the proper versions. Divergences from them are being fixed, so that this new version follows those. You can only do that by actually trying them out, because it’s impossible for the test suite to cover every behavior.
pseudalopex•12h ago
> That’s not what is happening. One disto is kicking the tires on using this by default.

Many people call Ubuntu flavors distributions. This includes Ubuntu developers.

Ubuntu made it default. The tire kicking analogy was incorrect.

> The purpose is exactly because the GNU versions are being treated as the proper versions. Divergences from them are being fixed, so that this new version follows those. You can only do that by actually trying them out, because it’s impossible for the test suite to cover every behavior.

You should assume everyone understands how Ubuntu's decision would benefit this project. You should assume most Ubuntu users do not care.

steveklabnik•12h ago
It is expressly described as an experiment. Making it the default does not preclude it being an experiment. It’s how you get broad enough usage to see if it’s ready. If it isn’t by the time for LTS, then it’ll be unmade as the default. That’s what an experiment is.
pseudalopex•12h ago
> It is expressly described as an experiment. Making it the default does not preclude it being an experiment.

Calling something an experiment does not make it exempt from criticism.

> It’s how you get broad enough usage to see if it’s ready.

My understanding was it was known not 100% compatible. And what did I say you should assume?

> If it isn’t by the time for LTS, then it’ll be unmade as the default.

People use non LTS releases for non experimental purposes.

steveklabnik•11h ago
Of course it’s not exempt from criticism. But suggesting something is permanent and final when it expressly is not is a poor criticism.

All software has bugs. Plus, not every bug is in the test suite. There are open bugs in all of the software shipped by every distro. Software can be ready for use even if there are know bugs in corner cases. Regular coreutils has open bugs as well.

pseudalopex•11h ago
> But suggesting something is permanent and final when it expressly is not is a poor criticism.

No one did this.

> All software has bugs. Plus, not every bug is in the test suite. There are open bugs in all of the software shipped by every distro. Software can be ready for use even if there are know bugs in corner cases. Regular coreutils has open bugs as well.

Stop speaking as if other people know nothing of software development. GNU do not break compatibility knowingly and with no user benefit.

steveklabnik•11h ago
This project is not knowingly breaking compatibility. It expressly considers the GNU behavior to be the correct one.
pseudalopex•11h ago
Canonical broke compatibility knowingly and with no user benefit when they made these utilities default in Ubuntu 25.10. The point was saying the GNU utilities had bugs was specious.
josephg•10h ago
> Many people call Ubuntu flavors distributions. This includes Ubuntu developers.

You seem mad that a Linux distribution (Ubuntu) is trying this software out. Why do you care so much? Do you expect some of the programs you use to break? Have they?

If you don’t want to use uutils, I have good news. You can opt out. Or use Ubuntu LTS. Or use a different distribution entirely. I suspect you’re mad for a different reason. If all the tests passed, would you still be mad? Do you feel a similar way about angry projects like alpine Linux, which ship code built on musl? All the same compatibility arguments apply there. Musl is also not 100% compatible with glibc. How about llvm? Do you wish we had fewer web browsers?

Or maybe, is it a rust thing in particular? Like, if this rewrite was in C, C++ or go would you feel the same way? Are you worried more components of Linux will be ported to rust? (And if so, why?)

Ultimately the strength (and weakness) of Linux is that you’re not locked in to anything. I don’t understand how the existence of this software could make your life worse. If anything it sounds like it might be helping to clarify your stance on OS stability. If you want to make a principled stance there, there’s plenty of stable Linux distributions which will mirror your values. (Eg debian, Ubuntu lts, etc). Or you can just opt out of this experiment.

Given all of that, the tone I’m inferring from your comments seems disproportionate. Whats going on? Or am I misreading you?

pseudalopex•5h ago
You thought I was angry? What would you call Linus Torvalds when someone broke user space?[1]

You confused blunt responses to repetitive, condescending, specious, or false statements and anger at Canonical seemingly.

I made no objection to any software existing.

I like Rust. It was unfortunate this experiment supported stereotypes of Rust fanatics promoting Rust without respect for stability.

I reject the view users should have to wait 2 years for bug fixes and features, accept silently all experiments, or switch silently to a distribution with less 3rd party support and other issues inevitably.

The opt out process I saw required --allow-remove-essential. It would be irresponsible to recommend this.

A more responsible way to conduct this experiment would have been opt in 1st. Then phased. Then opt out for everyone. And waiting until all tests passed would have been better of course.

[1] https://lkml.org/lkml/2012/12/23/75

bitwize•13h ago
Ubuntu is using uutils experimentally in a non-LTS release. This kind of widespread testing will speed up the development process. Won't be long before it catches up and surpasses GNU coreutils. Then what? You want people to not use it? why?

One of the major problems with C, which like a lot of C's issues Rust just doesn't have, is that it's getting more difficult to find young, eager programmers willing to maintain a C codebase. The hassle of C outweighs the rewards, especially when Rust exists. So, ceteris paribus, development on the Rust version will outpace the C version, and you'll get more and smarter eyes on the code base.

Best to put the C code out to pasture, i.e. in maintenance mode only, with a deprecation plan in place.

josephg•14h ago
It sounds like your beef is with Ubuntu for shipping some of this code. Not with the project for existing and fixing all the compatibility issues that you seem to care a great deal about.

If you want a purely gnu userland with gpl code and strong stability guarantees, Ubuntu is almost certainly the wrong distribution for you. Plenty of Linux distributions are far more stable, and won’t replace coreutils, maybe forever. (And if this is aiming to be bug for bug compatible, they won’t ever have to.)

As for the gpl, this isn’t new. there’s been bsd/mit licensed alternatives to coreutils for decades. You know, in FreeBSD and friends. It’s only aiming for 100% Linux compatibility that’s new. And I guess, shipping it in Linux. But let’s be real, the gpl v3 is a pretty toxic license. By trying so hard to preserve user freedom, it becomes a new tyranny for developers. If you build a web based startup today hosted on top of Linux, you might be in breach of the gpl. What a waste of everyone’s time. The point of opensource to me is nobody can tell me what I’m allowed to do with my computer. And that includes RMS.

jitl•13h ago
well, sudo-rs had a few privilege escalation CVEs recently. So there has been some recent evidence in favor of the stability argument. I think it’s worthwhile to RiiR in general but I’ll be waiting a few more years for things to mature.
masklinn•13h ago
> well, sudo-rs had a few privilege escalation CVEs recently. So there has been some recent evidence in favor of the stability argument.

it would probably be a lot stronger an argument if sudo hadn’t also had a few privilege escalation CVEs recently.

jeffbee•16h ago
Another way to pitch the same result is rust coreutils 0.5.0 ships with 88 documented bugs, in addition to the usual unknown ones.

I like the project but beware.

Sharlin•15h ago
How many documented and undocumented bugs does GNU coreutils ship with? 0.5.0 is explicitly a pre-stable version.

(Sure, I realize that GNUcu is old and mature enough to have been pretty thoroughly debugged by this point.)

steveklabnik•15h ago
The uutils project has found bugs in upstream, added extra tests, and clarified behavior. It’s helped both projects improve.
josephg•15h ago
Also bear in mind these tools have a long tail of obscure features that aren’t used much. Theres a useful subset of coreutils that is common across gnu coreutils, busybox and FreeBSD & macOS. Full coreutils compatibility is laudable - and of course needed if it’ll ever be a viable replacement. But most shell scripts people actually write probably already work on top of this port.
knorker•13h ago
Are they bugs, though? Or just ambiguities where they want bug-for-bug compat?

Another commenter said "dumb cases where it's 100x slower when providing unrealistic values like parsing e9000000 which is actually because it attempts to actually parse it due to bigint support instead of clamping to i128".

throwaway613745•16h ago
If you want 100% compatibility:

sudo apt purge --autoremove --allow-remove-essential coreutils-from-uutils # reinstalls gnu coreutils

sudo update-alternatives --config sudo # can switch back to regular sudo from sudo-rs

(for Ubuntu 25.10)

bgwalter•16h ago
Who is declaring the compatibility percentage? Given that GNU coreutils is GPL and Rust Coreutils is MIT, they must implement clean room development practices.
maxloh•15h ago
They test Rust coreutils against the GNU coreutils test suite, with 87.75% of the test cases passing.

https://uutils.github.io/coreutils/docs/test_coverage.html

kachapopopow•15h ago
I really don't understand the hate, it's not 1.0 and majority of unsupported cases probably haven't seen use since 1990's and especially dumb cases where it's 100x slower when providing unrealistic values like parsing e9000000 which is actually because it attempts to actually parse it due to bigint support instead of clamping to i128.

also people complaining about inclusion of it in ubuntu versions, wait till you find out about the linux kernel.

mynameismon•14h ago
I mean, why is Ubuntu using it as default when it isnt 1.0?
steveklabnik•14h ago
Ubuntu is evaluating it as the default in order to see if it’s ready. That’s something you want to do before declaring something 1.0.

If it’s not ready, they’ll roll it back.

Part of why you have to do something like this is because the test suite just isn’t comprehensive, nor should we expect it to be. Real world usage is what shakes out the long tail of bugs. You just have to have some sort of stage like this in order to get things into a good state.

pseudalopex•12h ago
> Ubuntu is evaluating it as the default in order to see if it’s ready.

Did 100% of tests pass when Ubuntu made this decision? My understanding was no.

steveklabnik•12h ago
No. Because the tests that don’t pass are edge cases and corners that most people wouldn’t notice. It’s arguably more important to fix bugs that impact actual usage, so it can be a valid strategy to do this even before you hit 100% coverage, to help you prioritize the remaining bugs to fix.

In other words, there may be more serious bugs not in the test suite than the ones that aren’t passing that are in the suite. And you only find that out through real usage.

pseudalopex•11h ago
> Because the tests that don’t pass are edge cases and corners that most people wouldn’t notice.

This standard may be justified when there is significant benefit. There is not in this case. And some projects have stricter standards.[1]

> In other words, there may be more serious bugs not in the test suite than the ones that aren’t passing that are in the suite. And you only find that out through real usage.

You should assume everyone understands how Ubuntu's decision would benefit this project. You should assume most Ubuntu users do not care. You replied to a comment which told you this before.[2]

[1] https://lkml.org/lkml/2012/12/23/75

[2] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=46267541

tredre3•8h ago
Many of the utils, such as sort, aren't locale-aware. Considering that most of the world do not use English/ASCII, do you still consider that an irrelevant edge case?
steveklabnik•7h ago
I don't consider it irrelevant, but neither does uutils. However, it's also not something that is currently at a zero. I'm not even sure that this percentage of tests is related to locale support specifically. I'm sure parity will be reached here.

For example, sort has an open PR on it right now.

egorfine•50m ago
> they’ll roll it back.

They will absolutely not roll it back, not matter how broken they are.

The reasons to switch from coreutils to the Rust rewrite are purely political.

kachapopopow•14h ago
so they see issues that rise up from real world issues that tests might not cover? the same ubuntu version also bundles the latest kernel which is not considered stable to begin with.
itsn0tm3•14h ago
They are testing it in a real world scenario before putting it into a LTS of theirs.
groundzeros2015•14h ago
> wait till you find out about the linux kernel

Check the extent to which this is true. Also are we rewriting good kernel code that works?

IshKebab•13h ago
> good kernel code that works

The fallacy here is that code is either "good code that works" or "bad code that needs to be rewritten". It doesn't work like that. "If it aint broke don't fix it" is actually terrible advice.

burnt-resistor•12h ago
Yep, nuance is definitely needed. The greater issue is orthogonal: pushing out unfinished and incompatible code as production-usable rather code written in another language.

Rust, by itself, isn't a panacea to add formal verification but one leg on the footstool of formal verification methodologies to produce safe(r/ish) software rather than subtly buggy software that's difficult to prove correct and more expensive to maintain.

"If it aint broke don't fix it" =~= "I've never gotten into an accident until now, so airbags and seatbelts are pointless." ==> reactive methodology / failure / hubris

groundzeros2015•7h ago
The seat belt analogy makes no sense. The new tools have entirely new vulnerability and problems.
groundzeros2015•7h ago
> If it aint broke don't fix it" is actually terrible advice.

We want to give up good things to get better things.

What is the vision for improving these tools with rust? What user benefit are they promising?

I’ve heard nothing but nebulous arguments about memory or security purity. There is no insight into how to do them better or faster; and in most cases they have demonstrated they didn’t even understand them fully to begin with, such as missing locales.

There isn’t even subjective value for users demanding it, it’s driven by rust developers.

kachapopopow•12h ago
this has nothing to do with rust, kernel regulary ships rather experiemental features in some of the releases, there is a reason why only specific kernel versions become LTS
pseudalopex•11h ago
> kernel regulary ships rather experiemental features in some of the releases

Does the Linux kernel ship with rather experimental features as default? When was the rule not to break user space revoked?

tormeh•12h ago
The hateable part is the license. I love Rust but this is a huge step backwards.
WD-42•15h ago
It’s a cool project but does anyone else find the choice of MIT kinda icky/disrespectful? Like maintainers have put decades of work into the GNU coreutils under the gpl and all that entails, and then some people decide to rewrite it and just say “nah”.

I know they claim it’s a clean implementation but cmon, there’s no way they aren’t peeking at the existing coreutils source.

steveklabnik•15h ago
Do you think it was disrespectful for the GNU project to reimplement the original tools in a different license than the original authors had written them in?
lnkl•14h ago
Were they also open source?
gjsman-1000•14h ago
No. The original UNIX utilities were under proprietary licenses for an extremely long time, before eventually they broke free under BSD. The BSD tools are descendants of the originals and are also the versions used by macOS.

BSD wasn’t under an open license when GNU got started, so GNU reimplemented the proprietary UNIX utilities with their own enhancements and their own GPL license.

As such, complaining about the license is rich, considering GNU basically stole it themselves from the first round. And to this day, HN complaining about macOS’s utilities is also rich considering they are actually more standard and authentically UNIX than GNU.

collinfunk•14h ago
MacOS's utilities are really just FreeBSD's with some patches.

https://github.com/apple-oss-distributions/text_cmds https://github.com/apple-oss-distributions/system_cmds https://github.com/apple-oss-distributions/file_cmds https://github.com/apple-oss-distributions/adv_cmds https://github.com/apple-oss-distributions/shell_cmds https://github.com/apple-oss-distributions/misc_cmds

vermaden•13h ago
That is because Apple took entire FreeBSD 'userspace' as part of Mac OS X.
swiftcoder•13h ago
Legally, no, but plenty of people had copies of the source.
pseudalopex•11h ago
Their point was creating the 1st open source version was a good reason not to use the original license I thought.
WD-42•14h ago
AFAIK the GNU authors didn’t have access to the original source code because they were proprietary. I don’t know why this matters but it feels different in a purely “feels” way.
gjsman-1000•14h ago
Yes and no; due to antitrust laws with AT&T, almost everyone had copies of UNIX source code, especially if you were near any universities (why does BSD still honor UC Berkeley on bootup, do you think?). Easy as pie to get; but extremely difficult to legally use without a license.

The question about whether Linux and GNU copied from the proprietary originals caused the famous SCO lawsuits. Even though this was proven false, there’s very little chance the originals weren’t used as reference in GNU.

steveklabnik•14h ago
Gotcha! I don’t, but that’s why I asked, I wasn’t sure if this was about any specific license or what.

I’m also curious about this: does that it’s in a different language make any difference here? Like I could also maybe see what you’re saying if these were also in C, but being in Rust, it’s not like they can literally copy the code, regardless. I know you’re talking about feelings and not hard and fast rules, but do you think that plays into any of the feelings at all?

WD-42•14h ago
Not really. I love Rust. It’s all I want to write these days.

My feelings stem from what I perceive as the degradation of the old school hacker ethos into a more corporate friendly environment. Especially during this time when the bigger companies are salivating at the mouth to replace SWEs with AI at the same time encouraging us to pick friendly licenses so they can take advantage of our volunteer work…

steveklabnik•14h ago
I didn’t mean that it was about Rust specifically, just that if a language change factored in.

Anyway, thanks for replying. It’s always interesting to hear how people think. I personally feel differently, but I’m sure it’s nothing you haven’t heard before. :)

electroly•14h ago
The GNU authors almost certainly did have access to the AT&T UNIX source code, and they had to be reminded not to refer to UNIX source code when writing GNU replacements. GNU made intentional efforts to design their programs along completely different lines to avoid similarity to the originals. This is described at https://www.gnu.org/prep/standards/standards.html#Reading-No... under "Referring to Proprietary Programs".
josephg•14h ago
Only if you think it’s also icky for OpenJDK to have a clean room port of Java. I’m sure oracle would love to force Android and everyone else using Java to pay licensing fees in perpetuity.
vasac•14h ago
OpenJDK isn't a clean room port - it was created from the original source code of Sun's JDK.
testdelacc1•14h ago
It’s uncharitable to assume they’re lying. In which case, it’s perfectly ethical and legal to reimplement an existing program.
ottah•14h ago
87.75% compatibility, as measured by a comprehensive, but incomplete test suite. They want 87.75% compatibility to be an accurate measure, but we know that in reality the real number is lower.

Also, I have major issues with dumping GPL userspace utilities, for an MIT license suite, that is known to not be feature complete, only, and literally only because it was written in Rust. This does not make sense, and this is not good for users.

MangoToupe•14h ago
The gnu project is more than welcome to make its own moves away from C.
stackghost•14h ago
The GNU project can't go to the men's room without a thumbs up from Stallman, who is so disconnected from how real people do their computing that by his own statement he hasn't written any material amount of code in almost 20 years and can't even figure out how to update his own website, instead relying on volunteers to do so.

Stallman comes from the era when C was good enough, because computing was not a hostile environment like it is today.

GNU is never going to "rewrite it in rust" as long as he's living, and probably for several years afterwards.

In other words, it's a social problem not a technical one.

c0l0•13h ago
In fact, it is not a problem at all.

Let new generations of Free Software orgs come along and supplant GNU with a GBIR (GNU But In Rust), but don't insist on existing, established things that are perfectly good for who and what they are to change into whatever you prefer at any given moment.

ekjhgkejhgk•13h ago
To me moving from MIT to GPL is a downgrade regardless of features. Not everything is about features. Some people also care that their work can't be re-utilized as a tool by Big Corp in their march forward to subjugate their users.
pseudalopex•12h ago
You meant moving to MIT from GPL?
ekjhgkejhgk•10h ago
Yes. Sorry, I'm retarded.
cogman10•13h ago
The question is going to be how much of that unknown/untested percentage actually matters. I mean, there's even a question of how much the 12.25% of known test regressions actually matter.

> Also, I have major issues with dumping GPL userspace utilities, for an MIT license suite, that is known to not be feature complete, only, and literally only because it was written in Rust. This does not make sense, and this is not good for users.

Thinking about it, I guess I have to agree. This allows ubuntu to avoid releasing security fixing patches if they so choose. You can't do that with GPLed code. It means they can send out binary security fixes and delay the source code release for as long as they like or indefinitely. Which is pretty convenient for a company that sells extended security support packages.

tremon•10h ago
there's even a question of how much the 12.25% of known test regressions actually matter.

I would think that the regression tests are actually the most worthwhile targets for the new project to validate against: they represent real-world usage and logic corner cases that are evidently easy to get wrong. These are not the kind of bugs that Rust is designed to eliminate.

cogman10•10h ago
I agree. But I don't know that the 12.25% of test regressions are regression tests or unit tests from the gnu core utils.

I believe Ubuntu simply copied and transposed a bunch of tests from gnu core utils and that's where these ultimately came from. That doesn't really mean that all these tests arose due to regressions. (for sure some probably did).

SkiFire13•4h ago
> This allows ubuntu to avoid releasing security fixing patches if they so choose. You can't do that with GPLed code. It means they can send out binary security fixes and delay the source code release for as long as they like or indefinitely

The GPL does not state that the source code for any modification must be released immediately, it doesn't even set some kind of time limit so it technically doesn't prevent indefinite delays either.

tremon•13h ago
Also, I don't really get why coreutils would be a worthwhile candidate for a Rust rewrite. A rewrite of curl/wget or sudo I can understand, but what's the security benefit to improved memory safety for CLI tools that are only ever run with same-user privileges? Even if there's an exploitable bug there, there's no avenue for privilege escalation.
thayne•13h ago
> CLI tools that are only ever run with same-user privileges?

You don't think these are ever run with sudo/runas/pkexec/run0 or otherwise invoked by a program running as root?

That said I do think things like sudo, ssh, gpg, maybe systemd, http servers like nginx and apache etc. are more valuable to replace with tools written in rust (or more generally a "memory safe language"). But that doesn't mean rewriting coreutils isn't valuable.

egorfine•55m ago
Because the reasons to replace coreutils with the Rust rewrite are not technological, they are political. And thus aiming to rewrite something very core and stable is the correct approach to enrage the opposite party.
paulddraper•13h ago
> comprehensive, but incomplete

????

thayne•12h ago
Part of this project has been writing a lot of new tests, which are run on both GNU coreutils and rust coreutils. Some of these tests have found bugs in the original GNU coreutils.
egorfine•56m ago
This does not make sense to you because you are looking from a technological standpoint. The reason to rewrite coreutils (or sudo) in Rust is not technological, as there is no merit. Coreutuils are titanium rock stable tools that no one asked to rewrite.

And this is precisely why the worst Rust evangelists aim to rewrite it: virtue signaling with no suffering of the opposing party is not good enough.

nonameiguess•14h ago
This is going to sound like a gripe and I swear it isn't, but is there a plan for a reasonably full suite of minimal userspace tools? I don't expect util-linux itself in Rust, but something like:

- coreutils

- findutils

- libmagic and file

- tar and some compression libs

- grep, awk, sed

- the shell and all of its builtins

- something functionally equivalent to openssl or GnuTLS

- some ssh client and server

- curl

- a terminal-based editor

- man-db and texinfo

- some init system and bootloader

- pick a package manager, any package manager, and rewrite it in Rust

Barring all of that, maybe just busybox but written in Rust. That should give you roughly what you need for a non-graphical system. coreutils isn't nothing, but it's a pretty small part of the system, with much of it ending up implemented by the shell in most distros.

steveklabnik•14h ago
I’m not aware of a unified plan to do this. uutils was started as a fun project, not some plan to build a Rust-only userland.
adgjlsfhk1•13h ago
also worth mentioning that the ones that are user facing are much lower priority than machine facing one. no one cares about CVEs in ed, but a CVE in cp would be really bad
panick21_•11h ago
There are already many of these. fd, httpie, rg, and so on.

There is of course RustTLS that already exists and is already very advanced.

For package manager see for example AerynOS (or its new name that I can't remember).

There are lots of rust editors, terminal and otherwise.

And of course the complete Cosmic Desktop is written in Rust, so you don't have to go 'non-graphical' at all.

So AerynOS, with uutils and Cosmic is very close I would say.

steveklabnik•9h ago
Most (all?) of these projects aren’t aiming for drop-in compatibility.
panick21_•1h ago
I didn't realize this is what the person was wanting.
egorfine•49m ago
systemd sort of did this to certain parts and it's the worst thing that happened to Linux. Standardizing on Rust political rewrites of tar and libmagic is going to be an epic disaster and a decade of never-ending fun for Rust evangelicals.
zorked•14h ago
Thanks for fixing imaginary memory safety issues in /bin/cat...
IshKebab•13h ago
It's not only about memory safety.
alextingle•9h ago
No, it's all about corporate greed.
IshKebab•1h ago
Don't be ridiculous.
egorfine•53m ago
Correct. It's almost not at all about memory safety.
knorker•13h ago
For context, how "compatible" is BSD utils with either one?

IOW: how much does it matter?

IshKebab•13h ago
Not very. Most notably `env -S` doesn't work on some systems. I did get bitten by one script on Ubuntu using uutils where the script expected `uname -p` to work but it just prints `unknown` (technically legal I guess). But when I went to fix it they already had.

Probably was a bit premature for Ubuntu to enable it by default. Looking at the graph uutils will be fully compatible (or as close as makes no difference) in about 2 years, so I would have waited until then.

Still, I think most of the push-back is just the usual anti-Rust luddites.

knorker•1h ago
> expected `uname -p` to work but it just prints `unknown`

I just tried that on three very different Linux systems of mine, and all print `unknown`.

pseudalopex•12h ago
These utilities' purpose is to replace GNU utilities. BSD utilities' purpose is not.
knorker•1h ago
Seems like there's more uproar with this than with changing the /bin/sh symlink to dash, and that difference seems much bigger.
burnt-resistor•13h ago
While I <3 Rust, rewriting major things in Rust but then taking an additional step of releasing incomplete, incompatible code as "production" like Canonical has done without day 1 full compatibility is inherently unethical, problematic, and counterproductive.

Related: Because of Redhat/Fedora's decision; CentOS Stream, Alma, and Rocky 9 & 10 Docker images use a statically-linked "multi-call" variant of coreutils that is also problematic in real-world usage. This can be fixed with the following:

    sudo dnf install coreutils --allowerasing -y
Barrin92•10h ago
>but then taking an additional step of releasing incomplete, incompatible code as "production"

nobody runs Ubuntu's six-month releases in production. Like Fedora it's cutting edge in the literal sense of that term, and if you deploy Ubuntu anywhere in the business world you're on the LTS release.

That the rust coreutils aren't at full parity yet is explicitly mentioned in the release notes of 25.10, if you're installing a distribution with a lifespan of half a year it pretty much goes without saying you're a beta tester for the next LTS release. Like, even if everything was pristine and stable it makes no sense to use an operating system with six months of support in production.

burnt-resistor•10h ago
True that, however coreutils-single is already rolled out in Docker images for RH-derived distros. It's not the same thing, but it has breaking incompatibilities that don't appear when the regular coreutils is installed. Small changes done unwisely lead to big breakage in ways arrogant distro maintainers shove down users' throats. Canonical makes reckless changes regularly.
vb-8448•13h ago
just a curiosity: why not trying to put in a loop gemini o gpt and wait until 100% of test suite is passed?
drnick1•12h ago
What's the point of that? The C version has been around for ages, works well, and is GPL'ed. Reexamining the code carefully for a rewrite does provide the opportunity to catch some bugs, but the rewrite will most likely introduce countless new bugs. It's not clear what is gained by the Rust rewrite, it's not like Rust is faster than C, it should be very similar or perhaps slower.
samdoesnothing•12h ago
The point is that they get to rewrite it in their favourite language.
egorfine•52m ago
The point is virtue signaling. There is no technical merit to it.