frontpage.
newsnewestaskshowjobs

Open Source @Github

fp.

iOS 27, iPadOS 27, and macOS 27

https://www.apple.com/newsroom/2026/09/major-updates-for-apples-software-platforms-are-now-availa...
480•throw0101d•11h ago•523 comments

4,400-Year-Old Tomb of Egyptian Judge Found at Saqqara with Colors on Walls

https://arkeonews.net/4400-year-old-tomb-of-an-egyptian-judge-found-at-saqqara-with-colors-still-...
67•arunbahl•2d ago•8 comments

Pion, an agent designed to run any company autonomously

https://andonlabs.com/blog/why-we-built-pion
335•lukaspetersson•11h ago•376 comments

Charts built for Chat

https://dbtcharts.com/blog/charts-built-for-chat/
157•thingsilearned•7h ago•48 comments

Every invoice in Brazil's economy runs on SOAP 1.2. We mapped it all

https://github.com/stoix-dev/sefaz-webservices-postman
31•lestx•2d ago•9 comments

Show HN: Macros with a Behringer FCB1010 MIDI Pedalboard in macOS

https://github.com/JamesRyanATX/fcbnerd
52•fretlessjazz•5h ago•9 comments

Dropping eBPF CPU Cost by About 90% with Memoization (Not AI Gen)

https://nathannaveen.dev/posts/dropping-ebpf-cpu-cost-by-90/
73•nathannaveen•14h ago•19 comments

XCancel service is suspended until further notice

https://xcancel.com/#
537•gaganyaan•19h ago•818 comments

OpenAI bots knew about the RubyGems caching vulnerability

https://tenderlovemaking.com/2026/09/11/what-a-time-to-be-alive/
410•gregnavis•16h ago•335 comments

Compressing a Flag to 11 Bits

https://read.vantezzen.io/miniflags
99•bennett_dev•2d ago•43 comments

Distributed Systems Classics (2017)

https://nvartolomei.com/dist-sys-classics/
257•grep_it•12h ago•58 comments

Principles for Fast Tokio Applications

https://dial9-rs.github.io/blog/principles-for-fast-tokio-applications/
184•carllerche•13h ago•45 comments

Show HN: Redis City – Explore how Redis works in an interactive 3D model

https://poltora.dev/redis
20•poltora•2d ago•4 comments

Steam Frame starts at $1059

https://store.steampowered.com/hardware/steamframe
583•bsimpson•11h ago•437 comments

How my e-reader lost its stripes

https://www.serpentine.com/posts/2026/x3-stripes/
174•simonmic•12h ago•28 comments

Ask HN: What are you working on? (September 2026)

312•david927•1d ago•971 comments

Cloudflare AKE cuts origin HelloRetryRequests from 52% to 3.7%

https://blog.cloudflare.com/automatic-key-exchange-for-origins/
100•iamsyr•11h ago•26 comments

Optimizing a Spin-Lock

https://david.alvarezrosa.com/posts/optimizing-a-spin-lock/
53•signa11•2d ago•26 comments

People who can't picture anything are rewriting the science of imagination

https://dailyneuron.com/aphantasia-mental-imagery-brain-network/
122•giuliomagnifico•15h ago•191 comments

OpenArm: An open-source 7DOF humanoid arm

https://github.com/enactic/OpenArm
3•Lwrless•1d ago•0 comments

Backprop Alternative: Augmented Lagrangian Predictive Coding

https://pub.sakana.ai/pc-alm/
62•guld•10h ago•13 comments

Ex-FTC boss Khan: break out the handcuffs for AI CEOs, citing 1934 precedent

https://www.theregister.com/ai-and-ml/2026/09/14/ex-ftc-boss-khan-urges-uncle-sam-to-break-out-th...
95•throwworhtthrow•4h ago•49 comments

A Beginning for Mathematics

https://www.daniellitt.com/blog/2026/9/13/a-beginning-for-mathematics/
185•robinhouston•13h ago•107 comments

Why don't machine learning research agents overfit?

https://www.amazon.science/blog/why-dont-machine-learning-research-agents-overfit
115•Betelbuddy•12h ago•65 comments

Amazon vs. Perplexity – U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit

https://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/ca9/26-1444/26-1444-2026-08-04.html
192•neom•7h ago•194 comments

Ubuntu 26.10 completes transition to Rust-based coreutils

https://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2026/09/ubuntu-2610-rust-coreutils-complete
117•theanonymousone•15h ago•100 comments

Cua (YC P25) Is Hiring a Founding Technical GTM Lead

https://www.ycombinator.com/companies/cua/jobs/1IWEKVH-founding-technical-gtm-lead
1•frabonacci•11h ago

The biggest dinosaurs couldn't sit on their eggs

https://www.cbc.ca/news/science/titanosaur-eggs-9.7336841
26•BiraIgnacio•1d ago•9 comments

Notes on gotchas while migrating 35kb preprompts from Opus to self-hosted Ollama

https://patrickmccanna.net/notes-on-migrating-large-prompts-away-from-anthropic-openai-to-self-ho...
124•0o_MrPatrick_o0•15h ago•68 comments

Dario, Please

https://pop.rdi.sh/dario-please/
369•0x5FC3•14h ago•177 comments
Open in hackernews

Falsify: Hypothesis-Inspired Shrinking for Haskell (2023)

https://www.well-typed.com/blog/2023/04/falsify/
90•birdculture•1y ago

Comments

sshine•1y ago
How does Hedgehog and Hypothesis differ in their shrinking strategies?

The article uses the words "integrated" vs. "internal" shrinking.

> the raison d’être of internal shrinking: it doesn’t matter that we cannot shrink the two generators independently, because we are not shrinking generators! Instead, we just shrink the samples that feed into those generators.

Besides that it seems like falsify has many of the same features like choice of ranges and distributions.

_jackdk_•1y ago
This is the key sentence:

> The key insight of the Hypothesis library is that instead of shrinking generated values, we instead shrink the samples produced by the PRNG.

Hedgehog loses shrink information when you do a monadic bind (Gen a -> (a -> Gen b) -> Gen b). Hypothesis parses values out of the stream of data generated by the PRNG, so when it "binds", you are still just consuming off that stream of random numbers, and you can shrink the stream to shrink the generated values.

Here is a talk that applies the Hypothesis idea to test C++: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C6joICx1XMY . Discussion of PBT implementation approaches begins at 6:30.

thesz•1y ago
This is fascinating!

If I understand correctly, they approximate language of inputs of a function to discover minimal (in some sense, like "shortest description length") inputs that violate relations between inputs and outputs of a function under scrutiny.

evertedsphere•1y ago

    newtype Parser a = Parser ([Word] -> (a, [Word])
missing a paren here
moomin•1y ago
I’m honestly completely failing to understand the basic idea here. What does this look like for generating and shrinking random strings,
chriswarbo•1y ago
One straightforward approach would be:

- Generate a random number N for the size (maybe restricted to some Range)

- Generate N `Char` values, by using a random number for each code point.

- Combine those Chars into a string

falsify runs a generator by applying it to an infinite binary tree, with random numbers in the nodes. A generator can either consume a single number (taken from the root node of a tree), or it can run two other generators (one gets run on the left child, the other gets run on the right). Hence the above generator would use the value in the left child as N, then run the "generate N Chars" generator on the right child. The latter generator would run a Char generator on its left child, and an 'N-1 Chars' generator on its right child; and so on.

To shrink, we just run the generator on a tree with smaller numbers. In this case, a smaller number in the left child will cause fewer Chars to be generated; and smaller numbers in the right tree will cause lower code-points to be generated. falsify's tree representation also has a special case for the smallest tree (which returns 0 for its root, and itself for each child).

mjw1007•1y ago
I've found in practice that shrinking to get the "smallest amount of detail" is often unhelpful.

Suppose I have a function which takes four string parameters, and I have a bug which means it crashes if the third is empty.

I'd rather see this in the failure report:

("ldiuhuh!skdfh", "nd#lkgjdflkgdfg", "", "dc9ofugdl ifugidlugfoidufog")

than this:

("", "", "", "")

gwern•1y ago
Really? Your examples seem the opposite. I am left immediately thinking, "hm, is it failing on a '!', some sort of shell issue? Or is it truncating the string on '#', maybe? Or wait, there's a space in the third one, that looks pretty dangerous, as well as noticeably longer so there could be a length issue..." As opposed to the shrunk version where I immediately think, "uh oh: one of them is not handling an empty input correctly." Also, way easier to read, copy-paste, and type.
dullcrisp•1y ago
Their point is that in the unshrunk example the “special” value stands out.

I guess if we were even more clever we could get to something more like (…, …, "", …).

gwern•1y ago
The special value doesn't stand out, though. All three examples I gave were what I thought skimming his comment before my brain caught up to his caveat about an empty third argument. The empty string looked like it was by far the most harmless part... Whereas if they are all empty strings, then by definition the empty string stands out as the most suspicious possible part.
tybug•1y ago
shae•1y ago
I care about the edge between "this value fails, one value over succeeds". I wish shrinking were fast enough to tell me if there are multiple edges between those values.
The Hypothesis explain phase [1][2] does this!

  fails_on_empty_third_arg(
      a = "",  # or any other generated value
      b = "",  # or any other generated value
      c = "",  
      d = "",  # or any other generated value
  )
[1] https://hypothesis.readthedocs.io/en/latest/reference/api.ht...

[2] https://github.com/HypothesisWorks/hypothesis/pull/3555

chriswarbo•1y ago
> As opposed to the shrunk version where I immediately think, "uh oh: one of them is not handling an empty input correctly."

I agree that non-empty strings are worse, but unfortunately `("", "", "", "")` wouldn't only make me think of empty strings; e.g. I'd wonder whether duplicate/equal values are the problem.

chriswarbo•1y ago
> I'd rather see this in the failure report:

> ("ldiuhuh!skdfh", "nd#lkgjdflkgdfg", "", "dc9ofugdl ifugidlugfoidufog")

I would prefer LazySmallcheck's result, which would be the following:

    (_, _, "", _)
Where `_` indicates that part of the input wasn't evaluated.
yorwba•1y ago
A minimal reproducing example cannot guarantee that you'll correctly diagnose a bug just by looking at the example (because multiple potential bugs could cause the same example to fail) but it can guarantee that when you step through the code to understand what's happening, you won't have to deal with huge amounts of irrelevant data.

Maybe an alternative shrinking procedure could directly minimize the number of instructions that need to be executed to hit a failure...

edsko•1y ago
(Author of falsify here.) You are absolutely correct that the empty string isn't always the best counter-example. The goal of shrinking is to shrink to the _simplest_ possible value (this is true for all approaches to shrinking). What constitutes "simple" is very much domain specific. It would certainly be possible to write a generator that would shrink to, say, "foo", as the canonical "simplest" example of a simple string. Indeed, since we are working in a lazy language, you could (with a bit of effort) shrink to `undefined` if the other arguments are not used at all.
mjw1007•1y ago
I agree it can be domain-specific, but I think it's more common than not that empty containers, and the number zero, are corner cases rather than typical values.

So I think it would be a decent quality-of-life improvement to make generators of the sort you suggest easily available, and have the tutorial docs use them from the start.