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AGENTS.md – Open format for guiding coding agents

https://agents.md/
516•ghuntley•10h ago•233 comments

How to Think About GPUs

https://jax-ml.github.io/scaling-book/gpus/
115•alphabetting•1d ago•27 comments

Ask HN: Why does the US Visa application website do a port-scan of my network?

163•mbix77•4h ago•68 comments

How to Draw a Space Invader

https://muffinman.io/blog/invaders/
319•abdusco•11h ago•36 comments

Modern CI Is Too Complex and Misdirected

https://gregoryszorc.com/blog/2021/04/07/modern-ci-is-too-complex-and-misdirected/
80•thundergolfer•6h ago•35 comments

Copilot broke audit logs, but Microsoft won't tell customers

https://pistachioapp.com/blog/copilot-broke-your-audit-log
505•Sayrus•9h ago•174 comments

How we exploited CodeRabbit: From simple PR to RCE and write access on 1M repos

https://research.kudelskisecurity.com/2025/08/19/how-we-exploited-coderabbit-from-a-simple-pr-to-rce-and-write-access-on-1m-repositories/
597•spiridow•18h ago•201 comments

Tiny microbe challenges the definition of cellular life

https://nautil.us/a-rogue-new-life-form-1232095/
99•jnord•10h ago•22 comments

D2 (text to diagram tool) now supports ASCII renders

https://d2lang.com/blog/ascii/
318•alixanderwang•16h ago•52 comments

Type-machine

https://arthi-chaud.github.io/posts/type-machine/
22•todsacerdoti•5h ago•4 comments

The Value of Hitting the HN Front Page

https://www.mooreds.com/wordpress/archives/3530
93•mooreds•8h ago•37 comments

How I Made Ruby Faster Than Ruby

https://noteflakes.com/articles/2025-08-18-how-to-make-ruby-faster
40•ciconia•1d ago•9 comments

Show HN: I've made an easy to extend and flexible JavaScript logger

https://github.com/inshinrei/halua
4•inshinrei•20h ago•3 comments

Gaussian Processes for Machine Learning [pdf]

https://gaussianprocess.org/gpml/chapters/RW.pdf
26•susam•1d ago•5 comments

Fast and observable background job processing for .NET

https://github.com/mikasjp/BusyBee
16•mikasjp•2d ago•5 comments

Emacs as your video-trimming tool

https://xenodium.com/emacs-as-your-video-trimming-tool
243•xenodium•17h ago•124 comments

Candle Flame Oscillations as a Clock

https://cpldcpu.com/2025/08/13/candle-flame-oscillations-as-a-clock/
291•cpldcpu•4d ago•65 comments

Without the futex, it's futile

https://h4x0r.org/futex/
269•eatonphil•20h ago•124 comments

Rails Charts Using ECharts from Apache

https://github.com/railsjazz/rails_charts
45•amalinovic•2d ago•4 comments

Customizing Lisp REPLs

https://aartaka.me/customize-repl.html
13•nemoniac•1d ago•2 comments

Intel Foundry Demonstrates First Arm-Based Chip on 18A Node

https://hothardware.com/news/intel-foundry-demos-deer-creek-falls-reference-soc
44•rbanffy•1d ago•20 comments

CRDT: Text Buffer

https://madebyevan.com/algos/crdt-text-buffer/
121•skadamat•14h ago•6 comments

AnduinOS

https://www.anduinos.com/
129•TheFreim•15h ago•158 comments

Drunken Bishop (2023)

https://re.factorcode.org/2023/08/drunken-bishop.html
67•todsacerdoti•12h ago•12 comments

How Figma’s multiplayer technology works (2019)

https://www.figma.com/blog/how-figmas-multiplayer-technology-works/
150•redbell•3d ago•47 comments

We’re Not So Special: A new book challenges human exceptionalism

https://democracyjournal.org/magazine/78/were-not-so-special/
74•nobet•7h ago•140 comments

Show HN: OpenAI/reflect – Physical AI Assistant that illuminates your life

https://github.com/openai/openai-reflect
77•Sean-Der•14h ago•29 comments

Show HN: Hanaco Weather – A poetic weather SNS from the OS Yamato project

https://github.com/osyamato/os-yamato
12•tsuyoshi_k•6h ago•5 comments

Custom telescope mount using harmonic drives and ESP32

https://www.svendewaerhert.com/blog/telescope-mount/
287•waerhert•1d ago•105 comments

Analysis of the GFW's Unconditional Port 443 Block on August 20, 2025

https://gfw.report/blog/gfw_unconditional_rst_20250820/en/
136•kotri•5h ago•88 comments
Open in hackernews

Calling Their Bluff

https://anguscheng.com/post/2025-08-13-calling-their-bluff/
75•4pkjai•8h ago

Comments

dhsysusbsjsi•4h ago
UK now charges £16 for Australians.
avh02•2h ago
please take a look at what they charge people who have to go through a whole visa process (for me, it starts at 179 USD to _apply_ (which may be rejected))

excluding all the time i'd have to spend and documents I'd have to collect

rgovostes•4h ago
I wonder how many people have paid for International Drivers Permits from scam websites. In the US these are only issued by AAA, and until recently they were only available by mail or in person, creating an opening for grifters to sell print-at-home PDFs.

(The concept seems outdated, and I've successfully rented cars abroad without an IDP at all. Also, isn't it weird that authority to issue these is delegated to AAA, and them only?)

lmm•3h ago
IDPs are still very much useful and needed - short of the world agreeing on a single standard for what a driving license should look like, they're a lot more practical than expecting everyone to understand 192 different formats (and a few crazy countries like the USA even issue dozens of different license formats within the country). Delegating it to some random driving-related third party is slightly weird but not that weird (in my country they're done by the Post Office, which is arguably weirder, but I guess they also handle passport applications so it makes a certain amount of sense from that perspective).
YZF•3h ago
There are many countries where just having a standard-ish license with English is perfectly fine. I think last time we had a thread on this topic someone mentioned a few countries where that wasn't true but most of Europe, the US, Canada, Australia, (edit: UK), and a bunch of other countries will just take your local plastic license as long as it has English on it.
portaouflop•3h ago
There are many countries outside of the Anglosphere though…
ricudis•2h ago
I have never driven a car outside of my own country, and I always wondered how they even allow you to drive a car without getting re-trained in a country where the driving system is so different than where you obtained your license (I'm looking at you, Commonwealth countries). Isn't it difficult to adapt to left-side driving while having used to right-side? It surely needs a little bit of adapting as a pedestrian.
cjs_ac•1h ago
> Isn't it difficult to adapt to left-side driving while having used to right-side?

You get used to it after a few minutes. It takes a bit more concentration, especially when turning out of one-way streets, but it's otherwise fine.

There are mutual recognition agreements between many pairs of countries. The UK, for example, will allow you to directly exchange a licence from an EU or EEA, a British Crown Dependency, or a 'designated country' (Andorra, Australia, Barbados, British Virgin Islands, Canada, Cayman Islands, Falkland Islands, Faroe Islands, Gibraltar, Hong Kong, Japan, Moldova, Monaco, New Zealand, Republic of Korea, Republic of North Macedonia, Singapore, South Africa, Switzerland, Taiwan, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates and Zimbabwe) for a British licence with no need for a retest. Most of those countries drive on the 'wrong' side of the road.

spauldo•1h ago
The hardest part of learning to drive on the left is not turning on your windshield wipers every time you turn a corner.

Really though, the actual driving part is pretty easy to pick up. You get accustommed to it quickly. You're more likely to have problems crossing the street on foot (you'll look the wrong way for traffic) than driving.

wtmt•45m ago
> The hardest part of learning to drive on the left is not turning on your windshield wipers every time you turn a corner.

This is something to learn the very first time when getting into a (new/unfamiliar) car before getting the vehicle moving.

Come to India and drive a few cars from different brands. [1] The rule is to drive on the left side of the road (so the driver is on the right side of the vehicle). But the sticks/levers to turn on the windshield wiper may be on the right side of the steering wheel or on the left side (and vice versa for the turn indicator sticks/levers), depending on the manufacturer. If you don’t check it in advance, you may end up wiping the windshield when you want to signal a turn or end up signaling a turn when you want to get water off the windshield.

[1]: Actually, it’s not recommended for foreigners to attempt to drive in India. The traffic is chaotic and one needs a different way of thinking to drive.

vtbassmatt•25m ago
Accidentally turning on the wipers was definitely #1 for me. A close second was nearly turning the wrong way in roundabouts. I’m not sure why regular box turns were easy to mentally flip but roundabouts just broke my brain instead.
lmm•1h ago
Realistically the answer is probably that countries accept a certain risk of collisions in the interest of good international relations and the resulting tourism and business. They might also trust visitors to pay more attention. There are rules that attempt to restrict the abuse of IDPs (e.g. available for a max period of 1 year and only available in your home country, and in some countries it may be illegal for people on longer-term visa statuses to use them), but it's all tradeoffs. I can imagine that e.g. Uber might be lobbying politicians to make them less widely available, and they may succeed.
cjs_ac•1h ago
An IDP isn't a driving licence; it's an internationally-agreed and -recognised document that asserts that 'this other document I have is a driving licence.' I think the main value of an IDP is that it avoids this sort of situation: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3DQBc3eFUlU
closewith•1h ago
Although it wouldn't have helped in that situation, as the Polish don't need IDPs in Ireland.
lmm•1h ago
The point is that if the Polish did need IDPs in Ireland then it would. Very few things help when you don't use them.
postepowanieadm•3h ago
There's a strange (for someone from Eastern Europe) zone around public services where shady individual thrive: like buying vignettes - you may buy "directly" from the state (nemzetiutdij.hu, eznamka.sk, edalnice.cz) or by some middleman that brings nothing to the process but has a ~20% commission.
nicbou•2h ago
In Germany there is also a strange zone where people bring sanity to government processes that have no business being this complicated.
ricudis•2h ago
In Greece, traditionally, we tend to consider Germany as the almost ultimate place in regards to reliability, efficiency, etc. It's a bit soothing to discover that almost everywhere everybody has the same issues (the difference in magnitude matters, of course)
pnt12•2h ago
Nowadays that's actually Switzerland (at least I hear great things about Zurich, except the cost of living).
deruta•2h ago
I've, in turn, heard much praise for how Estonia is doing it.
danieldk•54m ago
efficiency

Having lived in Germany for five years, this is a total myth. The German administration is a tire fire, I mean a filing cabinet fire. First lesson is: learn to wait. Have to do things at the municipality or the Finanzamt? Prepare to reserve 1-2 hours of your day, because you will have to wait a lot. And then the administration is pretty chaotic because (for historical reasons) they do not want to link administrations. Then they do random things like accidentally changing your and your partner's tax brackets in the middle of the year. My wife (who is German) chased them until they would fix it and they had no clue how it happened. Other foreign colleagues often had similar issues.

The same is true by the way with non-government stuff like medical care. Have an appointment with your GP or a medical specialist? Great, the appointment only means that you have to be there at a certain time. They will let you wait an hour or two without any remorse (what's the point of an appointment)?

Nothing is efficient in Germany. Reliability is also a meme at this point. Even 10 years ago, about 1/4-1/2 of the ICE trains I took would have a serious delay (which usually ended being a 2-3 hour delay if you have to cross a border). We just came back from vacation in Germany (it continues to be a beautiful country with nice people) with our electric car. The charging infrastructure is deplorable. Not only they have only a small number of chargers available (even a lot of highway stops only have two chargers), so impossible to charge on a busy day. But not only that, a lot of chargers are broken and nobody really cares for fixing them.

Sorry for the rant. tl;dr: Germany is not efficient and not reliable.

gambiting•38m ago
My favourite anecdote regarding German EV chargers - I was trying to charge at a motorway stop couple years back, and the stupid charger needs an app, ok, got the app. And it's even in English, success! But.....when I try to add a payment card it says the billing address has to be in Germany. Ok, I'm determined so I ring their helpline.....only to be told it's open Monday to Saturday 9am till 4pm(it was Sunday).

Honestly never seen this issue in any other EU country.

marcus_holmes•31m ago
This. German bureaucracy is a nightmare, especially if German is not your first language.

German health system is a mess, but mainly because Germans are (probably rightly) suspicious of having electronic health records.

robert_foss•2h ago
Very true, if only more sanity was brought.
postepowanieadm•2h ago
Germany is special.
magnetometer•1h ago
I've never experienced any government process where paying a third party would have simplified things. I've also never heard of any third party offerings for that purpose. Could you share some examples?
close04•30m ago
In some cases a 3rd party can make your life easier. If you live abroad and (want to) change your marital status, or change name as a result of the previous, or had children, etc. these changes need to be registered with your home country too. The process can be long and convoluted, requiring multiple visits to multiple local authorities in your home country.

You can do it via the local embassy/consulate where you might never find an appointment, and sometimes there's a deadline for doing all this. Or you travel to your home country multiple times and hope you never forgot one document and have to start over.

Or you pay sometimes a lot of money to a company which does this for you with less stress and maybe even cheaper than doing it yourself.

qweiopqweiop•2h ago
In Spain it's the same thing but for appointments for government services.
mathieuh•52m ago
In the UK this happens with tax rebates. For the vast majority of people your tax is calculated by HMRC and taken out of your pay and if they make a mistake you just tell them and they will adjust your tax code so you pay less/more tax until it works out.

Some shady companies set themselves up as middlemen and pocket a large proportion of the rebate when you can do it yourself in minutes through an online portal.

ricudis•3h ago
It's an excessively common scam nowadays that everybody is requiring an eVisa or electronic travel notice.

Fun story:

Once I was traveling to a country X that I was familiar enough with to know that thir governmental services web sites were awfully designed. We're talking about web design that would easily put Geocities to shame.

They had recently introduced an eVisa scheme that I have to complete.

Out of tirednes and being in a rush, I clicked at the wrong link. It gets me into a shiny, modern web page with nice graphics and a form to complete.

I instinctively think "WAIT! This is TOO nice for an official site!".

Then I look at the address bar, see an obvious scam-SEO URL, realize my mistake, and go back to search for the real one.

Which was as terribly designed as expected.

neom•3h ago
I hear about this repeatedly with South Korea - just googled and sure enough the first result is a sponsored scam site.
BLKNSLVR•3h ago
I'm not sure how Google can't be held responsible for this. They're literally advertising scams. They're taking money for putting up an ad for a scam site.

I don't know how there is an excuse for this that's acceptable to any authority. It's their own platform that they seem unable to control.

Take some responsibility Google, you are profiting by facilitating evil (even moreso than by regular advertising).

ricudis•3h ago
Nowadays 90% of the "Sponsored" category that I see are scams and clickbait sites The most "innocent" of them are competitor ads trying to convert you from what you're actually searching for.

Unfortunately there are no incentives for Google to fix this. Apparently they make too much money out of it.

AnthonyMouse•50m ago
> I'm not sure how Google can't be held responsible for this. They're literally advertising scams. They're taking money for putting up an ad for a scam site.

The thing I don't understand is why people keep expecting them to. Who even wants Google to be the police? To actually act as a deterrent you need the ability to impose penalties, and for that you need the actual police.

All Google can do is close their account, and then there are no real penalties so they just make new ones until they figure out how to beat the fraud detection system.

And if you try to impose penalties on third parties for not being able to solve a problem they're structurally unable to solve, all they can do is crank up the false positive rate and mess things up for innocent people.

Stop even asking for this. It's a dystopia. Put the actual scammers in prison instead.

gambiting•42m ago
I don't want them to be the police. I want them to give me the thing that I'm searching for first, not whoever outspent everyone else on SEO this year. If I'm searching for "Canadian visa application" then the first result must be the official government website for this. No policing involved - just good old accurate search, like Google used to be known for.
fallpeak•36m ago
You're in luck! If you search for "canadian visa application" the first two results are "Visit Canada" and "How to apply for a visitor visa" on https://www.canada.ca/
aredox•3h ago
This scam is everywhere: set up a website to "middleman" yourself into the application process of any online permit/certificate/authorization, make it look as similar to an official website as possible, game up your way to first place in search results through SEO, profit.
ricudis•2h ago
It's not even illegal in many places. There are still a ton of legitimate lawyery/agency business outlets that do the same in physical form: They just complete forms for a hefty sum.

Sometimes they would also submit the forms / get the response back for you, which could be a real service in places where normally you would wait for a couple hours in a governmental office just to submit a form.

delusional•3h ago
Isn't this abuse of the chargeback system? I was under the impression that chargebacks were for resolving otherwise unresolvable conflicts between the buyer and seller. Here the buyer didn't even attempt to get a refund from the seller before the chargeback.
henry2023•3h ago
In principle yeah, it’s an abuse of charge back. In practice, Visa, MC, and Amex will just refund you without even asking any question.
gambiting•36m ago
I wonder if that's an American thing, every time I tried to do a chargeback here in the UK on a credit card my bank said they have to investigate first, give the seller an opportunity to respond, and only if that fails they will refund me after 60 days. While everything I see online suggests that Americans can pretty much do an at-will chargeback for any reason with instantaneous effect?
arwhatever•3h ago
I wonder how much of a bright line can be drawn to distinguish these sites that charge to “help” you through some governmental process vs like TurboTax.
nicbou•2h ago
My industry (immigration to Germany) has many of these services. The line is easy to draw: the cost should be proportional to the convenience it creates.

Basically, is it a service or an unlicensed toll booth?

a3w•1h ago
In Germany, we had a private company that offered a service no one needed to pay the household bill on public broadcasting.

If their SEO ranking beats the official site, they could confuse the hell out of people. (And I am told people do not use uBlock or Pihole everywhere, so paid ads would work, too.)

They seem to leave the market, perhaps due to being sued they cannot make a profit: https://www.verbraucherzentrale-niedersachsen.de/themen/kauf...

haritha-j•1h ago
You think this is bad? Try getting visa for Europe within the UK as a citizen of a 3rd world country. The official process is through a service such as VFS, which is the most painful experience I've had with any sort of service. There are very few appointments, all of which are blocked out by 3rd party bots, which means you need to pay a 3rd party twice as much to get any appointment. The VFS website is riddled with bot deterrents that actuall just deter humans, such as entering your password through a non-qwerty, randomised, on screen keyboard. If you call their helpline, you get charged for it. Everything is an upsell. You fill in a pdf form, print it out, give it to them and then they look at the printed document and type it back into their computer. There are literaly queues of people standing on the street outside their offices because they offer no seating, like the queues outside a club. Oh and you have to submit biometrics every single time, and therefore go in person for these apponitments that are impossible to get. I once had to submit my biometrics thrice in the same year for italian visa
Aissen•57m ago
Going through VFS seems like going through one of those expensive third parties instead of direct. And each EU country has a different visa service AFAIK, so the procedure will in fact vary depending on where you are going. (not saying the experience is not horrible).
dcminter•52m ago
Setting aside the scam aspect, I find it depressing that places that used to be visa free for residents of certain countries have now instituted visa-but-not-a-visa with a fee across the board.

Visiting the US from the UK I used to have to fill in the green "Visa waiver" form, but it was free, short, and blanks were handed out on the flight in. Now I must file an ESTA ahead of time and pay a fee. Visitors to the EU and UK (and even between the EU and UK) will have similar advance paperwork.

It feels like a huge step backwards with very dubious advantages compared to the unwelcoming "fuck you pay me" feel of the encounter. There's nothing I like more when choosing a holiday destination than filling in a multi page bureaucrat-designed form and paying a fee for the pleasure.

A minor blip in the greater scheme of things, but it saddens me.

BlindEyeHalo•51m ago
Do people not use their own government as the entry point for visa applications? I just go to the website of the foreign office of my government which has a list of the requirements to enter every country in the world and what needs to be done and how. I have never started with a google search.
blitzar•42m ago
Scam sites for visas rank higher on a google search than the legit ones.