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How to Write an Effective Software Design Document

https://refactoringenglish.com/excerpts/write-an-effective-design-doc/
68•fagnerbrack•1h ago•3 comments

New $100K H-1B Visa Fee Pushes Tech Jobs Offshore

https://spectrum.ieee.org/h-1b-visa-us-government
17•rbanffy•41m ago•6 comments

Notes on gotchas while migrating 35kb preprompts from Opus to self-hosted Ollama

https://patrickmccanna.net/notes-on-migrating-large-prompts-away-from-anthropic-openai-to-self-ho...
10•0o_MrPatrick_o0•51m ago•0 comments

EuroBirdPortal – Live bird movements across Europe

https://www.eurobirdportal.org/ebp/en/
178•NKosmatos•6h ago•52 comments

A 386 PC for Your RP2350

https://github.com/rh1tech/frank-386
145•SamuraiLion•6h ago•39 comments

An atlas of periodic solutions to the three-body problem

https://www.threebodyorbits.com/
175•danielmorozoff•2d ago•34 comments

Devil's Arrows: Ancient builders hauled 55k-lb stones 11 miles for UK stone row

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2026/09/260909005152.htm
20•bookofjoe•2d ago•13 comments

Where has Construction Automation been successful?

https://www.construction-physics.com/p/where-has-construction-automation
4•ltononro•36m ago•0 comments

Apple's Siri AI Can Be Swapped Out for Claude, ChatGPT, Code Shows

https://www.macrumors.com/2026/09/14/siri-can-be-swapped-out-for-chatgpt-claude/
147•tosh•2h ago•66 comments

Show HN: Pelican-bicycle alternatives (updated for 2026)

https://gally.net/temp/20260914pelican-alternatives/index.html
18•tkgally•1h ago•1 comments

Largest known Roman mosaic, beneath Baths of Trajan, opens to the public

https://www.theartnewspaper.com/2026/09/14/largest-roman-mosaic-opens-to-the-public
13•bookofjoe•1h ago•1 comments

Texas judge rules TikTok misled users on child safety feature

https://www.reuters.com/legal/litigation/texas-judge-rules-tiktok-misled-users-child-safety-featu...
83•1vuio0pswjnm7•2h ago•18 comments

Unsolved Problem by Fields Medalist Breached by Two High School Students

https://www.htx.com/en-in/news/internet-shocked-unsolved-problem-by-fields-medalist-breache-IBDgZ...
10•soltanov•2h ago•4 comments

Show HN: Kinesis – Control your Mac with the Meta Neural Band

https://github.com/callbacked/kinesis
80•callbacked•2h ago•26 comments

OpenArch – PyTorch implementations of modern LLM architectures

https://github.com/anuj0456/OpenArch
99•anuj0456•6h ago•23 comments

Spaceships (Reverse Asteroid)

https://spaceships.treybastian.com/
313•zdw•4d ago•62 comments

The AI job market in 2026

https://www.ilinmaks.com/blog/en/ai-jobs-market-2026
5•dxs•1h ago•0 comments

Apple's Dimensional Drawings

https://developer.apple.com/accessories/dimensional-drawings/
306•herbertl•14h ago•104 comments

Temporal raises $550M at a $12.55B valuation

https://temporal.io/blog/temporal-raises-usd550m-series-e-at-usd12-55b-valuation-ai
46•gk1•1h ago•25 comments

Fable 5.1 Solves the Cyphral Distich, a 370-year-old cipher

https://www.vals.ai/blogs/fable-solves-cyphral-distich
1121•u1hcw9nx•17h ago•516 comments

Ubuntu 26.10 completes transition to Rust-based coreutils

https://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2026/09/ubuntu-2610-rust-coreutils-complete
31•theanonymousone•1h ago•18 comments

SDR–; open source SDR with a patchable signal graph, Rust DSP, web UI

https://github.com/Newspicel/sdrminusminus
11•newspicel•2h ago•1 comments

Optimizing Anamorphic Sculptures

https://tncardoso.com/blog/2026/09/optimizing-anamorphic-sculptures/
8•zbsc•3d ago•0 comments

XCancel suspended "due to a new development in the ongoing legal proceedings"

https://xcancel.com/twitter
228•unfocso•2h ago•174 comments

Kamal – Deploy web apps anywhere from bare metal to cloud VMs

https://kamal-deploy.org/
3•linkdd•1h ago•0 comments

Drawably: Hand-Drawn UI Controls

https://github.com/Danilaa1/drawably
37•ingve•4d ago•20 comments

The case against JPEG XL

https://giannirosato.com/blog/post/case-against-jxl/
227•contact9879•13h ago•294 comments

A list of 1,325 AI assisted repositories, mined from GitHub

https://github.com/ActuallyTaylor/strata/blob/main/paper/data/large/datasets/ai-assisted-reposito...
3•ActuallyTaylor•8m ago•0 comments

Big AI sets out its terms for regulatory capture

https://www.theregister.com/ai-and-ml/2026/09/14/big-ai-sets-out-its-terms-for-regulatory-capture...
73•joebuckwilliams•4h ago•34 comments

Mullenweg has returned as CEO after attempted board ouster

https://techcrunch.com/2026/09/12/automattic-confirms-mullenweg-has-returned-as-ceo-after-attempt...
235•ilamont•18h ago•313 comments
Open in hackernews

People Who Can't Picture Anything Are Rewriting the Science of Imagination

https://dailyneuron.com/aphantasia-mental-imagery-brain-network/
41•giuliomagnifico•1h ago

Comments

ajb•35m ago
Rather unfortunate if so, as aphantasia has been known about since Galton discovered it in 1880.
Antipode•14m ago
That's not really what the article is about: "Patients whose primary visual cortex was destroyed can still imagine, so the old idea of imagination as reversed seeing fails."
misthop•34m ago
Aphantasiac here, happy to discuss or answer any questions
ThrowawayTestr•28m ago
What does you mother look like?
misthop•27m ago
She's 5 ft tall, sharp features, curly white hair. i can remember imagery facts, but have not visual memory
nelox•22m ago
What does that mean? You can recite a description you’ve read or heard, but what about looking at a photo and describing it?
misthop•18m ago
After looking at a photo? I have a memory of the "facts" of the photograph. I have no image of it
vidarh•9m ago
I can describe someone from memory, and I can draw them, but I can't see them unless they're in front of me (or I'm looking at a photo).
smusamashah•16m ago
But if you only remember facts, can someone else pretend to be that person you remember with those facts?
Rohansi•8m ago
No, memory is not limited to facts. There's just no visualization to go along with the recollection of faces etc. You can absolutely still recognize people correctly when looking at them.
tiborsaas•24m ago
This is not a memory nor a detail recall issue. The visual part is just not there, but I know how my mother looks like :)
afavour•21m ago
Not really how it works. I can describe an apple to you in great detail. I cannot imagine all of those things I described in a coherent image in my head. Personally sometimes I'm able to picture pieces or aspects of it for flashes but I cannot see an apple in my head.
JoshTriplett•25m ago
Does it apply to audio as well? If you think of a song you know well, do you feel like you "hear" the music in your head, as though playing back an audio file?

If you think of a movie scene you've seen, what is that like? Can you recount what was in it, even if you can't "picture" it? Or does this also prevent you from recalling the details of the scene?

misthop•21m ago
I'm a musician, but don't "hear" music in my head. I have an extensive memory of lyrics, and can guess the next notes of a song, but I use my inner monologue to sing or hum it in my head, I don't hear it. I can recall the visuals of a movie scene similar to how I can tell you how my office is organized. It is a spatial memory of where things are and aligned with each other. I don't replay the scene in any sense of the word
orta•20m ago
To add to this as a follow aphant - I don't have a way to hear sounds unless they are in my voice. So everything from songs, to sirens are simply me speaking it via inner monologue.
cyclopeanutopia•18m ago
> I use my inner monologue to sing or hum it in my head, I don't hear it

Wdym? I think that the inner monologue is "hearing it", with a varying degree of vividness between people, of course.

misthop•15m ago
Some people hear orchestral swells when, say, reading a book that mentions them. I don't have that. I have an inner monologue that can sing. I forget the term but as I understand it there are people who don't have an inner monologue. I think many of those would still be able to have "sound" imagery
jareklupinski•24m ago
how is your proprioception? https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proprioception

e.g. if you put your hand behind your back and move it up and down randomly, then stop suddenly, can you tell if it's stopped closer to your legs than your neck?

i cant think of a better test for it :( (clinicians?)

misthop•19m ago
Proprioception is good. I was a fairly accomplished high school and college club athlete in sports that require body parts to move out of visual range
jareklupinski•10m ago
interesting! i always have to 'see myself' in my head to answer those kinds of questions
vidarh•10m ago
For my part (as someone with aphantasia) my proprioception is good, and to go further, my sense of space and my spatial reasoning is well above average.

I can also draw what I can't see pretty well from memory.

jareklupinski•10m ago
that's interesting too! i can visualize clearly, but have _terrible_ artistic skills; nothing in my head can make it out unless through CAD :)
logicallee•18m ago
Can you complete tasks like answering the question "a square shaped piece of paper is folded once diagonally so two previously opposite corners are now on top of each other. Does the distance between the other two corners change during this fold?" I think most people would answer this by just imagining it, but I'd think the way I've described it is pretty hard to follow if you can't picture it. If you can answer the question, how do you do it?
ppalata•7m ago
I can't visualise things either and this is a task that my brain just solves for me analytically somehow. In this case I had to re-read it a few times and then knew the answer. I struggle with visual navigation but my brain compensates this with intuition (or whatever we want to call it) so I never really got lost but I'm unable to guide other people because that usually requires visual imagination (map, landmarks etc.)
fwlr•5m ago
(Also aphantasic)

I think about the axis on which the fold is performed. Because of “square” and “diagonal”, for the two corners to touch, the fold axis must lie on both of the “other two corners”. A reflection about an axis does not change points on the axis, both points are unchanged, so their distance is also unchanged.

misthop•3m ago
It kind of becomes a set of math facts, and my brain does this spatial thing where I "feel" like I am doing the task with my hands even though, of course, I am not. I have a really good spatial sense. I can pretty reliably draw floorplans of places I have spent a couple days in, at least in spatial relation if not exact size. I'm very good at identifying potential furniture reconfiguration of rooms. With my wife it is an interesting dynamic - she has such a rich inner visual life that for something like thinking about a new piece of furniture, or a move of existing, she needs me to tape out the new layout. Her visual memory of the space blocks here from imagining the new possibility, or it is so deep that she need to reconfigure everything visually. I just am aware of the alternative
badgersnake•17m ago
I’m pretty sure I have this. How did you find out?
misthop•12m ago
When I learned through my sport career that visualize the race actually meant visualize and not just talk it through with your inner monologue. It was deeply reinforced when my wife first told me she sees an entire movie when she reads books.
cyclopeanutopia•15m ago
When you look at something and close your eyes, do you also not "see it" immediately after?
misthop•14m ago
The image? no - the after image of the light on my retina, yes. But as soon as that fades there is nothing
_ink_•4m ago
I am fully aphant and the only thing were this happens to me is highly stimulating content. I remember after endless counterstrike rounds on LAN parties, when I closed my eyes, I would still see images from the battles. Porn also does this. But normally that doesn't happen. When I close my eyes, I see the inner of my lids. And I could never control what I see.
codetiger•15m ago
1. Can't remember which way you came from just after a few mins of passing the same street. 2. Can't recollect your mother's face by closing your eye, but can recognize when you see. 3. Don't remember faces unless seen them for many times. 4. Can remember a favorite color. 5. Don't have a consistent handwriting.

Do these symptoms count?

misthop•9m ago
Those don't sound to me like aphantasiac properties. possibly related, but sound like other memory topics. Especially the first one
chaps•14m ago
When you close your eyes, can you make any visualization whatsoever? Not the press-fingers-into-eyes stuff nor from-memory visualization, but just anything. When I close mine, I can let my brain wander with little intention/feedback and my mind will create giant megastructures that I kinda sorta fly through. It's fully continuous almost like I'm zooming into a fractal.
misthop•10m ago
Nothing, no
_ink_•8m ago
Not GP, but fully aphant. No I can't do that. When I close my eyes, I see the inner of my eye lids (red / brownish). That's it. Nothing comes up, even if I try to remember the face of my mother.
boothby•13m ago
I'm fairly but not perfectly aphantaiac (I dream without images; I can see briefest flashes of people's faces if I've known them for years). The discussion is often flattened to "can't picture anything" but I also have some cool inner-mind tricks: namely, I have rich access to my inner senses of touch and hearing. To a lesser extent, I can imagine flavors well -- well enough that it helps me in the kitchen at the least. What about your other senses?
misthop•11m ago
I have an inner monologue, that is the extent of my inner senses.
Akronymus•7m ago
do you have inner music or just your voice serving as the instrument like me?
suddenlybananas•30m ago
I still think this is fundamentally about how difficult it is to describe qualia.
ThrowawayTestr•28m ago
I think this is cope to avoid the realization that some people are walking around with drastically different life experiences.
izzydata•22m ago
I think a lot of people that can "see" in their mind are over-estimating their ability and a lot of people who can't are under-estimated their ability.

It's probably a spectrum like a lot of things are, except in this case it is exceptionally hard to to know where you fall on it. The gap may not be as wide as it sounds. Almost everyone is still a functioning thinking human afterall. If the gap were so wide it seems like there would be more obvious giveaways in human behavior.

aeonik•13m ago
I hesitate to come to this conclusion.

When I was a kid, I could visualize things so vividly, I could almost overlay the visual signal onto my real visual field.

The visual cortex signal was "loud" enough that I could trick the propioceptive parts of my brain.

E.g. I could visualize falling so vividly that I would actually feel the stomach drop sensation.

As I get older, I still have a very visual mind, but not nearly what I used to have as a kid. It also feels more "far away" from my actual visual field.

Though some days if I'm stressed, I don't seem to have as much control/access to the visual side of things.

So I kinda get where aphantashisa people come from.

dd8601fn•10m ago
bethekidyouwant•28m ago
Aphantasia is fake. I can “see” when dreaming, ergo the brain simply (adaptively) suppressing the same only when awake.
rolisz•25m ago
I don't see even when dreaming :)
nickthegreek•15m ago
The most important thing to remember when discussing this stuff is that how you experience reality can be drastically different from other humans.
chiefgeek•22m ago
I’ve worked as a professional photographer for twenty years and I visualize absolutely zero with my eyes closed. It’s only recently that I learned of aphantasia. Even on most psychedelic journeys I don’t have closed eye visuals, NN-DMT being the consistent exception. Everything is more of just a “knowingness”.
pohl•13m ago
What’s it like to dream while you’re sleeping? Do you ever “see” anything then?
_ink_•11m ago
Not GP, but also fully aphant: yes, I have visual dreams. I is very hard for me, to tell whether I also hear things in my dreams, but I think yes. For other senses, I am quite sure that I don't experience them while dreaming.
Akronymus•8m ago
that made me realize I never once thought of whether I was hearing stuff in my dreams.
nhinck3•10m ago
I sometimes experience dreams when I go back to sleep repeatedly, but in all normal circumstances it is nothing
_ink_•12m ago
Have you worked mostly as documentary photographer, or did you also do stages setups, like portraying people? I am only a photo enthusiast without any mental images and I struggle with portraits. Since I know about aphantasia I am wondering whether it has something to do with the absence of mental images.
prmph•21m ago
This kind of matches my experience. Not sure if I have Aphantasia, but my mental visual imagery is pretty sparse and not that well formed.

And yet, I can somehow imagine the look of a specific person or thing. I can't really see it as a vivid image, like actually seeing something in real life, but I have a sense of imagining it as visually distinct from any other image.

My audio imagination is top-notch though, I can replay songs and sounds in my head perfectly and vividly.

Swizec•18m ago
For anyone who doesn’t believe this is real, I recommend reading Thinking In Pictures. It’s a great book.

Explains 3 types of thinking that people use in their day-to-day: Linear verbal, schematic conceptual, and photo realistic.

It’s all a spectrum so you likely use all 3 to an extent.

Most people think linearly and sort of describe things in their mind that they’re trying to imagine. It’s a picture but not really.

Engineering types most commonly are strong in conceptual thinking. You can imagine complex systems and how they connect but it’s hard to describe and linearize this into words. You have to translate. Again it’s sort of an imagined picture but not really.

Then there is photo realistic where you see the thing in your mind. Almost as if you were seeing it for realzies with your eyes. Common with visual artists and some types of autism. Linearizing into words is almost impossible.

The book talks about the extreme opposite of aphantasia but it builds a good way of understanding these different qualia imo

Akronymus•11m ago
> Engineering types most commonly are strong in conceptual thinking. You can imagine complex systems and how they connect but it’s hard to describe and linearize this into words. You have to translate. Again it’s sort of an imagined picture but not really.

I guess I have that ability, in that I can relatively easily figure out spatial relations or can map out code mentally. The photorealism I am a 0 on.

Is linear thinking just a stream of conciousness thing where you basically list attributes? If so then I guess I have that too.

But id still describe myself as an aphant.

_ink_•15m ago
The article is only about the absence of mental images, but the same is true for all other senses as well. People might be able to recall or imagine images, sounds, smells, tastes, feels while being awake or not. And it can be in all permutations, tho, vision affected seems to be quite common.
Akronymus•14m ago
the only internal sense I have is my own voice. I cant even "imagine" music but rather hum it in my own voice at best. Same with others' voices
degamad•8m ago
Ditto! I tend to hear my internal voice beat-boxing music rather than humming it, though...
gilleain•2m ago
Interesting. I can replay or simulate other people's voices (real people, obv) and can 'hear' music I know by replaying it in my mind. Of course, not perfectly if I forget the words, it might fill in with some tum-te-tum, or only recall a fragment, but it's usually playing as at source. Makes earworms very annoying, of course.
passive•11m ago
I've got a moderate form of Aphantasia, where there are images in my head, but I'm unable to fix them in place and extract information from them. So I might think you have green eyes, but if you tell me they are brown, I wouldn't be able to refute you from my own memory.

Practically, it means I'm rubbish at remembering people. I've developed some techniques that help, but if someone changes their look significantly, it's very hard for me to identify that it's the same person.

I'm still learning how this has impacted by life, and strategies for working with it. As a simple example, my wife's family was really into cars, so when I got to know them I learned all about cars. When I met my wife, I couldn't identify a single vehicle on the road, except maybe a Hummer, but after 2 years, I could quickly pick out the make and model of 95% of traffic.

Looking back, I can see this is because rather than remember what different cars looked like, I created a taxonomy of ALL cars in my head, and became able to sort any vehicle I saw to fit there somewhere. So when I identified something, I wasn't matching it against previously seen things, but rather eliminating all the things it couldn't be to arrive at the remaining possibility.

Akronymus•10m ago
> Practically, it means I'm rubbish at remembering people. I've developed some techniques that help, but if someone changes their look significantly, it's very hard for me to identify that it's the same person.

Do you perhaps have a mild form of face blindness?

wdutch•5m ago
I would tentatively suggest OP does. I hace aphantasia but meet a lot of people for work and have a very good memory for names once I see a face.
dataviz1000•11m ago
A couple weeks ago, Neil deGrasse Tyson had neuroscientist David Eagleman as his guest on Star Talk. David discussed his friend and co-founder of Pixar, Ed Catmull, has aphantasia and that Catmull tested the directors and animators at Pixar, discovering that many of its top artists are also aphantasic! [0]

They have a theory that artists who have to struggle more during the training and developing of being able to express on medium develop into better artists.

[0] https://youtu.be/2wiqPPICQP0?si=CK_4M8dghGl-oaX_&t=2104

wongarsu•6m ago
Or maybe seeing things in front of your mind's eye is not an essential quality for animating or computer graphics

Personally I do have aphantasia, but I am great at reasoning about how things relate to each other in 3d and over time. From the little research that exists there are some hints that people with aphantasia might on average be better at this than people without it, and those seem like much more important qualities to me than being able to see a rabbit on some imaginary 2d display

thrw9876543•10m ago
I thought that I'll never be able to tell what non-aphantasia people see and how they perceive things. I see full blackness with some noise, but I can't visualize a thing.

This was until I tried some magic mushrooms (psilocybin as main ingredient) and I was shocked that with my eyes closed I was able to actually see things, mental imagery, objects, etc. After the effects wore off, the blackness has returned I couldn't see anything anymore. To me this is proof that aphantasia is real as I was able to compare it to a different state of mind where visualization is possible.

It's quite unfortunate that research on psychedelics is limited due to the insane war on drugs.

polytely•9m ago
Also an Aphantasiac, the quote

> “we experience these as an awareness of a set of spatial facts.”

really resonates with me, as to how it feels inside my brain. I'm also really good at shape rotation and spatial reasoning despite not being able to literally picture the environment.

my pet theory is that there are just different places in the stream of consciousness your attention can rest and mine cannot be pointed at the 'mental machinery' that actually produces the images but instead rests at a higher level of abstraction after the visual signal is integrated into the representation of the 3d world that gets used for tasks like shape rotation.

I also don't have an internal monologue most of the time, but I can consciously will myself to do it, and then it is hard to get out of that mode, analogous to the 'you are now breathing manually' meme. I can do it but it feels annoying and slows down my reading and thinking.

Now that we have agentic systems the analogy of the internal monologue being a subagent is probably a good way to describe it, yeah i could read the thinking trace word for word, but most of the time it feels like existing at the level where the data that gets extracted from the stream of thought gets integrated.

Honesty it's so interesting to me how many different ways of experiencing the use of your brain we exist. Sort of reminds me of how there is no single method of crawling a baby learns, there are a bunch of different ways to do it and children just discover one and go with it. Walking seems to be different in that there basically is one good way to do it. I guess there are a lot of degrees of freedom in how the process of being can run on the brain.

r0ze-at-hn•3m ago
It has been a lot of fun talking to those who are Aphantasiac. I am the complete opposite to the point where I think almost exclusively in imagery and when talking to folks I translate visuals to words on the fly. For a long time when people said that they saw black when they closed their eyes I assumed that meant that they choose to "see black".

So whenever I chat with someone with is Aphantasiac being able to compare and contrast has been a treasure trove. Hobbies, careers, romance/relationships, what we like to read/watch, what we are good and bad at. Having our two extremes allow us to do rapid research see what is opposite and what isn't.

And then in the same way I will describe smells by how they look like they will describe stuff to me that I struggle grasping without visualizing it and that is a joy.

vidarh•15m ago
Some people hear it more like a recording.
cyclopeanutopia•13m ago
Yeah, I can do that, but I think it is the same thing on a spectrum, just like the visual imagination.
tekla•16m ago
I'm pretty sure this is the default. Who literally hears music when thinking of it.
Kiro•2m ago
I do and just asked around among friends. Everyone did.
mirror_neuron•21m ago
As someone who is close to the aphantasic end of the spectrum: for me, it does not apply to audio. That difference is how I came to understand aphantasia better: I can very concretely hear sounds and music in my "mind's ear" in a way that I can't for vision.
vidarh•15m ago
People's ability to "hear" music ranges from nothing at all to being able to "play back" close to what they heard. For my part, I have aphantasia, I can't hear the sound I heard, but I can "play it back" in my own voice (which is distinctly less pleasing).

As for movie scenes, I rarely tend to remember specific scenes - I tend to remember concepts and dialogue - but when I do remember a scene, I can often describe it in detail, and I can sketch out scenes, be it from movies or real life, that I remember well with a lot of spatial detail.

I suspect I probably do remember less of visuals than people without aphantasia because I don't really get much value from it, but I definitely can.

majiy•2m ago
Not the person you asked, but a fellow Aphantast: I cannot imagine visually at all. End-of-Yoga-class imaginary journeys are completely useless for me. I'm also faceblind. But I can imagine music I'm familiar with without any problem, and have a inner monologue (it blew my mind when I learned that some people do not). Also I have visual dreams, but nowhere near to the level of details that I have heard other people describe.

I image a movie scene: There is a man sitting at a table in a cantina. He has dark hair, slightly rugged clothes. Standing next to his table is a little green alien that targets a blaster at him. The person is sitting low, at an angle that prevents the alien from seeing that he has drawn his own blaster below the table. I know all of this, but I have no visual image of it. If I had to draw what I see in my head it would be a blank piece of paper with arrows pointing at certain points, labeled with "Han", "Table" and "Greebo".

I certainly have to try. And the results often ain’t great.

I have wondered if painters and interior decorators and such were typically blessed with much better tooling for that.

I don‘t know how closely visual recall and creative visualization are related, though.

throwuxiytayq•5m ago
But there are obvious giveaways. Among your friends and colleagues there are people who can’t sing and people with perfect pitch perception despite no training, ones that can barely coherently speak but can write beautiful prose and vice versa, some can stare at code for 12h straight while others find the sheer idea of it horrifying. There’s people who believe in ghosts or even believe they’ve seen ghosts while others are grounded and rational. People with photographic memory and people who cannot recall what they were doing 5 minutes ago (me). The list of distinctions could keep going forever. Everyone’s good at something and shit at something because everyone’s mind is different. It’s silly how most people completely underestimate the diversity of human internal experience - maybe this type of close-mindedness is part of it too.
cheez-whiz•3m ago
I'm not sure if people overestimate it either, some people just have strong memory and powerful mind's eye. My memory is probably from early trauma and represents the extreme other end. If anything it can be a detriment sometimes, I'm not sure a super powerful ability to picture stuff really impacts day to day living for the average human in history. There's no reason for it to disappear evolutionary if it's not a big disadvantage.

As examples I don't listen to music that frequently, I just listen in my head. I can hear songs pretty much completely in my imagination. I'll forget lyrics consciously but letting it play and zoning out the proper music and words appear at the right time. I can also watch days of kindergarten(or any grade) like it's video.

If people are trying to do that and can't tell a single visual detail from a memory or hum a passage from a tune I don't think it's a communication problem, there's just a real difference in experience. To be clear from my personal experience not being able forget stuff or not picture stuff you dont want to sucks. And I have some pretty bad tunes upstairs.

suddenlybananas•18m ago
Why would I be coping about anything?
hackinthebochs•25m ago
It's a real phenomena. Mental imagery corresponds to voluntary activation of the visual cortex[1]. The quality of the self-reported imagery corresponds to the degree of activity in the visual cortex[2] while imagining some visual scene. People with aphantasia have little to no visual cortex activity.

[1] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4595480/

[2] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8186241/

kridsdale1•21m ago
And the claim implied by TFA here is not that the VC is summoning or rendering images, but actually receiving and using a signal to suppress the visual attention from the eyes during imagination. Aphantasics suppress real vision less, so in theory they can’t see their imagination model of the world as cleanly.
suddenlybananas•20m ago
I'm familiar with these studies but I don't think you can assume that activity in the visual cortex is phenomenal experience. I'm sure there are differences in self-reported aphantasics and people who don't claim to be aphantasics, but I don't think the existence of differences proves there is a difference in phenomenal experience.
hackinthebochs•6m ago
Prove is a strong word. But it supports the existence of the condition as it coheres with our scientific models of visual experience. You can always reach for obscure philosophical puzzles about phenomenal experience to try to invalidate the science, but at that point you're just having a different debate than the rest of us.
wongarsu•17m ago
Aphantasia is a real thing. As are probably many other differences in how our brains work. But the difficulty of describing qualia is likely why we are so unaware of them. And why even the "known" ones remained largely obscure until the age of social media
fwlr•17m ago
Aphantasiacs seem to be able to describe visual qualia as adequately as anyone else when the visual stimuli are currently present. But we do see descriptions differ between aphantasia and baseline in two cases: when the visual stimuli is recalled from memory, and when the visual stimuli is imagined. If it was about the difficulty of describing qualia, I don’t think we would see a difference between “visual stimuli present” and “visual stimuli recalled or imagined”.
suddenlybananas•9m ago
I'm not denying there's a difference between the two groups, I'm denying that the difference is in phenomenal experience. If one group has a different way of describing their experience to others in general (e.g. perhaps because they interpret things much more literally than others), then they would likely describe specific things differently.
IshKebab•11m ago
Yeah I agree - how would you ever know if this is real or if it's just some people saying "sure of course I can visually imagine things, just like dreams" and other people saying "omg I can't visually imagine things at all, it's just like dreams".

I guess you can maybe do better than nothing but it doesn't sound like they have got very far. Also...

> Why This Matters

Come on guys at least try.

vidarh•4m ago
Except, as someone with aphantasia, I see things in my dreams, so I know that seeing things is possible with my eyes closed. I don't do that when imagining in a waking state usually. Except I have once, so I also have direct experience with a very clear and vivid distinction between the states.
vidarh•6m ago
In my experience the people who most doubt aphantasia tends to be people who clearly have aphantasia.

I have aphantasia, but I have also during meditation had one experience where I could clearly see an imagined scene vividly, and the experience was nothing like when I "imagine" things and can't see them.

I know I wasn't sleeping because I was aware of the sounds in the room I was in for the duration.

But I also see images when I dream, but that one experience was far more vivid than any dream I've had.

wongarsu•10m ago
As somebody who only has closed eye visuals in deep meditation or in dreams, I would maybe describe what you call "knowingness" as "abstract representation"?

As a kid I've always been really good at these "imagine how this shape folds in 3d" kind of tasks, and I would generally say I am above average at imagining how things relate to each other in 3d. I just can't turn it into an image in my mind's eye

chiefgeek•1m ago
Yes this. I have, based on a battery of spatial reasoning tests I took years ago, way above average spatial reasoning capabilities. I also notice a lot IRL that others do not, based on anecdotal evidence.