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Ask HN: What Makes AI a Bubble?

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Open in hackernews

Ask HN: What Makes AI a Bubble?

15•atleastoptimal•10h ago
A lot of people seem to take it as a given that the AI bubble will "pop", leading to a mass devaluation of AI companies from their current peaks.

What I'm confused about though is what makes current AI evaluations a bubble.

Bubbles usually exists when future speculation outpaces productivity: eventually some realization leads the market to no longer believe in that future speculation, causing devaluation which triggers a mass sell-off.

However, AI companies currently have very high revenues and are growing extremely fast. Their valuation is backed by actual commerce. I can't imagine that there is any room for a bubble, as it is very clear where the market is at, and why demand for AI is so high.

Now, certain specific companies I can imagine losing a lot of valuation, but only contingent on the fact that they serve a middle-man role in the market that improvements in the underlying AI models will solve, which would likely only mean more revenue for the frontier labs, and thus less reason for a bubble.

Comments

akerl_•10h ago
> Their valuation is backed by actual commerce.

Is it?

atleastoptimal•10h ago
I think their annualized revenue is 25 billion with 3.4x yearly growth, with 1 billion weekly active users
akerl_•10h ago
You were talking about actual commerce, though.

Is that revenue actually tied to something in the market, or is it just all of these companies and investors blowing air into the bubble?

benoau•9h ago
Hasn't it cost them $100s of billions to earn that money? Don't they need $100s of billions more to keep the ball rolling?
Rury•8h ago
Now do costs.

You're also ignoring the fact that these companies have been shifting things around to make their books look better than they actually are. Here's a good example explaining how META has been keeping debt and lease obligations off its books to fuel growth (and who's at risk if META doesn't pay up):

https://www.reddit.com/r/economy/comments/1soent7/if_the_ai_...

atleastoptimal•3h ago
Many tech companies operate at a loss initially, that is the point of venture markets in firms that invest heavily in R&D, the initial investment will pay off once the technology matures.

As for Meta’s shady accounting, I also inside most tech companies leverage whatever they can to remain competitive in a high growth market. They certainly have the money to get away with it though for now.

avaer•9h ago
It is widely agreed users are not paying enough to cover the costs of inference. This is what "subscription" plans are. So, many users are losing the companies money.

This is not discussed publicly and is covered up for by raises, because there is growth and the hope that at some point the economics could work out. Which remains to be seen.

It's a variant on a Ponzi scheme. Investor hope is that at some point someone invents a way to stop losing money.

If at any point investors start to lose faith that this is going to be the case, the bubble pops.

atleastoptimal•8h ago
What percentage of Anthropic’s and OpenAI’s revenue is subscriptions?
AriasLcr•5h ago
If companies start to raise the token prices, at some point it won't be affordable to people. I think that no matter what they do they will just keep losing money. If they raise prices, less people will be buying the paid plans and if they don't, they are still losing money like now
garrisonj•9h ago
It’s important to keep in mind that railroads, airplanes, and the internet also caused bubbles.

Just because of an invention is useful and world changing doesn’t mean it won’t cause a bubble.

somewhereoutth•9h ago
Conversely, just because an invention causes a bubble doesn't mean it is useful and world changing.
ashwinsundar•8h ago
What are some examples of this?
hackable_sand•8h ago
LLMs, for instance
brazukadev•7h ago
Blockchain is a strong candidate
somewhereoutth•59m ago
Tulips? NFTs? South Sea Bubble? Mortgage Backed Securities and derivative products (CDOs etc)? Beanie Babies?
TheAlchemist•8h ago
Exactly that. There was a very nice talk by Warren Buffett explaining that to business leaders at the height of the dot-com bubble - if I remember correctly it's full text is the introduction to his biography 'The Snowball: Warren Buffett and the Business of Life'.

Airlines are a great example - they are everywhere, nobody can imagine life without them, and yet they are yet to make any money ! Maybe they will figure it out before oil runs out on planet Earth.

As for Buffett speach - ther is a specific quote about airlines in it: "If a capitalist had been present at Kitty Hawk back in the early 1900s he should’ve shot Orville Wright"

atleastoptimal•8h ago
They make no money because competition has essentially turned them into commodities. There is no differentiation thus no producer or consumer surplus.
8bitsrule•8h ago
Since it's not actual A.I., I'm reminded of nuclear fusion, which has long been only 25 years away. It's not an actual invention yet.

Yet, thanks to our times, at least one major company appears to be thought-bubbling. It appears to hope (if it's not just window-dressing) that fusion will suddenly appear in the next 2 years ... to avoid driving regional electric rates sky high.

brazukadev•8h ago
what makes AI a bubble is the return over investment. By Scam Altman's spreadsheet, openai should be spending some $100B/year with computing from partners that are building the datacenters for that. They should also be buying 40% of all available RAM. Those things are not happening.
AriasLcr•5h ago
It's not about the companies having high revenue, but rather investors being really interested in AI because it's the new flashy object everyone must have nowadays. Yes, I think it will still be a thing a few years from now and later, even. But, at the moment, the AI trend is staying afloat due to how much people are investing on it. Except that companies are just losing ridiculous amounts of money due to compute costs. Which is why OpenAI had to close Sora AI and cancel their contract with Disney to allow Sora AI generated media in Disney+.
atleastoptimal•3h ago
I think cancelling SORA doesn’t mean their endeavors in AI are ultimately futile. It seems that with how scarce a resource a compute is, and how much of a legal minefield video models are, the GPUs would serve better working on something else.
razorbeamz•5h ago
Because too many new companies are popping up with the business model of "We're going to use AI" and they don't actually have any explanation for how or why they're going to use AI.

This is just like the Dot Com Bubble, where a lot of companies popped up saying they were going to "use the internet" without actually having a plan.

atleastoptimal•3h ago
P/E ratios are much lower among top AI and AI adjacent firms now compared to the dotcom bubble. There is hype, certainly, but it isn’t an entirely speculation driven market like the dotcom bubble. Even so, the internet only became more pervasive than ever after the early 2000s
ceaserwang•3h ago
When the tide recedes, those who are running naked will understand. Just let the bullets fly for a while.
DANmode•3h ago
1.) Exceptions from a society of people, half of which don’t know what a computer is,

2.) the speculative debt - Oracle is (was?) the most buried

Ekaros•2h ago
Revenues start looking lot less impressive if the margins are very low at same time... Software was special place where producing more units costed only tiny bit more. But AI seems to be something where producing more will well cost almost the same.
sdevonoes•2h ago
I haven’t seen a single ai-based product that’s relevant and making money.

In all the companies i have worked for, ai hasn’t been a productivity multiplier

faangguyindia•2h ago
I am operating as an advisor for Indian firms targeting the international market. What I’ve noticed is that many of the companies have moved away from Intercom, Zendesk, or other such tools and built in-house simpler versions.

The same thing applies to Chargbee, Chargify, and other such tools. These ready-made solutions have many features, and they are complex. Most companies only need a subset of those features but the ability to customise them. Making a general-purpose tool is very difficult.

The same thing I’ve noticed for Uptimerobot, PagerDuty, and others.

As a result, I suspect SaaS revenue will drop further and further.

Companies are questioning why we pay $x,xxx per month for a SaaS solution when we can roll it out for some token expense, highly customizable? And it's nothing new, Google has its software managing its internal stuff.

alegd•4m ago
the bubble isnt in AI itself its in the thousands of startups that are just a wrapper around an API call. The moment OpenAI or Anthropic adds that feature natively they're dead

the companies with real moats (proprietary data, network effects, deep domain integration) will be fine. The ones charging $20/month for a nice UI on top of GPT wont survive the next price cut, but that's just my opinion.