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OpenCiv3: Open-source, cross-platform reimagining of Civilization III

https://openciv3.org/
553•klaussilveira•10h ago•157 comments

The Waymo World Model

https://waymo.com/blog/2026/02/the-waymo-world-model-a-new-frontier-for-autonomous-driving-simula...
876•xnx•15h ago•532 comments

How we made geo joins 400× faster with H3 indexes

https://floedb.ai/blog/how-we-made-geo-joins-400-faster-with-h3-indexes
79•matheusalmeida•1d ago•18 comments

What Is Ruliology?

https://writings.stephenwolfram.com/2026/01/what-is-ruliology/
8•helloplanets•4d ago•3 comments

Unseen Footage of Atari Battlezone Arcade Cabinet Production

https://arcadeblogger.com/2026/02/02/unseen-footage-of-atari-battlezone-cabinet-production/
13•videotopia•3d ago•0 comments

Show HN: Look Ma, No Linux: Shell, App Installer, Vi, Cc on ESP32-S3 / BreezyBox

https://github.com/valdanylchuk/breezydemo
191•isitcontent•10h ago•24 comments

Monty: A minimal, secure Python interpreter written in Rust for use by AI

https://github.com/pydantic/monty
190•dmpetrov•10h ago•84 comments

Show HN: I spent 4 years building a UI design tool with only the features I use

https://vecti.com
303•vecti•12h ago•133 comments

Microsoft open-sources LiteBox, a security-focused library OS

https://github.com/microsoft/litebox
347•aktau•16h ago•169 comments

Sheldon Brown's Bicycle Technical Info

https://www.sheldonbrown.com/
347•ostacke•16h ago•90 comments

Dark Alley Mathematics

https://blog.szczepan.org/blog/three-points/
75•quibono•4d ago•16 comments

Hackers (1995) Animated Experience

https://hackers-1995.vercel.app/
444•todsacerdoti•18h ago•226 comments

Show HN: If you lose your memory, how to regain access to your computer?

https://eljojo.github.io/rememory/
242•eljojo•13h ago•148 comments

PC Floppy Copy Protection: Vault Prolok

https://martypc.blogspot.com/2024/09/pc-floppy-copy-protection-vault-prolok.html
46•kmm•4d ago•3 comments

Delimited Continuations vs. Lwt for Threads

https://mirageos.org/blog/delimcc-vs-lwt
17•romes•4d ago•2 comments

An Update on Heroku

https://www.heroku.com/blog/an-update-on-heroku/
379•lstoll•16h ago•258 comments

How to effectively write quality code with AI

https://heidenstedt.org/posts/2026/how-to-effectively-write-quality-code-with-ai/
225•i5heu•13h ago•171 comments

Why I Joined OpenAI

https://www.brendangregg.com/blog/2026-02-07/why-i-joined-openai.html
103•SerCe•6h ago•84 comments

Learning from context is harder than we thought

https://hy.tencent.com/research/100025?langVersion=en
162•limoce•3d ago•85 comments

I spent 5 years in DevOps – Solutions engineering gave me what I was missing

https://infisical.com/blog/devops-to-solutions-engineering
131•vmatsiiako•15h ago•56 comments

Introducing the Developer Knowledge API and MCP Server

https://developers.googleblog.com/introducing-the-developer-knowledge-api-and-mcp-server/
41•gfortaine•8h ago•11 comments

Show HN: R3forth, a ColorForth-inspired language with a tiny VM

https://github.com/phreda4/r3
63•phreda4•9h ago•11 comments

Female Asian Elephant Calf Born at the Smithsonian National Zoo

https://www.si.edu/newsdesk/releases/female-asian-elephant-calf-born-smithsonians-national-zoo-an...
20•gmays•5h ago•3 comments

Show HN: ARM64 Android Dev Kit

https://github.com/denuoweb/ARM64-ADK
14•denuoweb•1d ago•2 comments

Understanding Neural Network, Visually

https://visualrambling.space/neural-network/
262•surprisetalk•3d ago•35 comments

I now assume that all ads on Apple news are scams

https://kirkville.com/i-now-assume-that-all-ads-on-apple-news-are-scams/
1035•cdrnsf•19h ago•428 comments

Zlob.h 100% POSIX and glibc compatible globbing lib that is faste and better

https://github.com/dmtrKovalenko/zlob
6•neogoose•2h ago•3 comments

FORTH? Really!?

https://rescrv.net/w/2026/02/06/associative
56•rescrv•18h ago•19 comments

Show HN: Smooth CLI – Token-efficient browser for AI agents

https://docs.smooth.sh/cli/overview
85•antves•1d ago•63 comments

WebView performance significantly slower than PWA

https://issues.chromium.org/issues/40817676
20•denysonique•6h ago•3 comments
Open in hackernews

Structuring Competency-Based Courses Through Skill Trees

https://arxiv.org/abs/2504.16966
45•PaulHoule•9mo ago

Comments

didgeoridoo•9mo ago
Exercism.org takes this approach; I’m not sure if it’s super pedagogically-driven or more about making it fun and keeping a sense of progression (maybe it can be both?)

I wonder which fields of knowledge are resistant to being structured like this from a learning perspective.

Garlef•9mo ago
From the requirements - or rather desired properties.

> Subskills cover skills

Isn't this requirement a common fallacy in education?

First, just because you know skill A and skill B does not mean you can automatically do both A and B together. (Of course it helps!)

Assume you're learning a to play piece of music. If you learn a given sequence [A, B] and start with individually learning the parts A and B you'd still have to practice the transition.

Second, just because you know a composite skill does not mean you can do each part individually.

Again assume you've learned to play a part of a piece of music and the notes constituting this part can be decomposed as [A, B]. Then you'd not directly know how to play B on it's own because you've propably learnt to enter B transitioning from A.

Still: I think the overvall approach is interesting. Just the details might be a bit off.

schmidtleonard•9mo ago
Sure but don't let the perfect be the enemy of the good. "Big bucket of courses, bring your own plan" and "here's your mass produced course plan that may or may not be optimized for departmental needs rather than yours" are both pretty rough. A skill tree is a step up even if it needs a little (or a lot) of refinement.
Swizec•9mo ago
> > Subskills cover skills > Isn't this requirement a common fallacy in education?

Whole careers have been built on being one of only a few people in the world who can perform A and B together. Like that physics guy who can also write good sci-fi.

There are 3 skills actually. A, B, and A u B. That intersection is often the hardest.

queuebert•9mo ago
> Like that physics guy who can also write good sci-fi.

Stephen Baxter? Or someone else?

Swizec•9mo ago
I was thinking Andy Weir but yeah there’s probably several. A strong physics background surely helps with writing better sci-fi
antonvs•9mo ago
Alastair Reynolds is who I thought of. PhD in astrophysics, worked at ESA. But there are several other scifi authors with decent physics resumes.
sshine•9mo ago
James Baxter?

Jaaaaames Baaaaxter!

chrisweekly•9mo ago
Yeah, I've heard this referred to as "skill-stacking".

If you're in the top 10-20% at two different things, you might be in the top 1% of people who can do both.

criddell•9mo ago
Is your skill tree too sparse? Instead of

    [A, B]
maybe it should be

    [A, A->B, B]
yorwba•9mo ago
Yes, the whole point of having the "Subskills cover skills" requirement is that if this requirement is not fulfilled, the skill tree is missing a subskill and needs to be expanded. The authors state that in the process of building a skill tree for their database course, they noticed that SQL triggers were introduced without discussing SQL update queries first. Probably because they hadn't tried to explicitly list all requirements at such a fine-grained level before.
roenxi•9mo ago
This idea is probably more interesting if applied to software engineering management. There is a bit of a competency crisis among software managers where it isn't possible to tell whether they are any good at what they are allegedly doing.

The kneejerk reaction of most businesses seems to be either metrics that don't really work or relying on hypercompetent individuals in the higher parts of the management tree. Neither approach works particularly well. But I haven't seen a skill tree style competency training & testing approach and I suspect it'd work better than the apparent status quo. At least on paper the managers have been trained to do something instead of just dumping smart people into the role and hoping that they figure it out.

For example someone can get certified in Agile and that is ... in some sense a bit silly because then they just spend the rest of their life noticing that most people don't use Agile. But a skill-based approach to the components of Agile development and training them to raise hackles in particular situations where people make common bad architectural decisions would cause productive cultural shifts. I suppose the sort of training that gets done doesn't go far enough.

PaulHoule•9mo ago
If people decomposed agile into little bits they probably wouldn't be doing agile anymore. The other day somebody posted a question about "how do I push back about management going to one week sprints?" My answer, which I didn't post then, was "if management really wants to go fast give up on sprints"

That is, Kanban + Continuous Integration >> Scrum by a lot. Seen from that viewpoint sprints are not something that speeds anything up (seductive name there!) but rather a bunch of phony deadlines and needless meanings (you really think people feel psychologically safe in a retrospective meeting that was scheduled just to have a meeting? is there really something worth talking about in an every two week one-on-one in your manager which isn't important enough to knock on their door and ask about right now?)

If I was evaluating a manager I'd probably get them to give me a list of practices that they say their team is following and then check to for conformance against that. I am less bothered with do they do code reviews or not but rather "did they tell me that they enforce five conventions in the code and looking at the code I find they rarely do... Lets sit in on a code review"

sshine•9mo ago
It always struct me as ironic that something that takes one or two weeks is called "sprinting".

In competitive athletics you will not sprint more than 400m, because sprint is anaerobic.

The fastest 400m ever run was 43.03 seconds.

accrual•9mo ago
This makes a great deal of sense to me. If it's demonstratably effective I'd love to see higher education incorporate it.

As a side note, I'm thinking about pursuing an MSc at Georgia Tech OMSC. I wonder if the online nature of it takes into account this kind of skill tree, or if it's more traditional.

Jtsummers•9mo ago
OMSCS is composed of multiple courses with no hard prerequisite requirements (except for one course, and you can skip it if you can persuade the professor). Within each course, they're conventional. If the material lends itself to this form (not all graduate courses do) then they may be in a similar form to this just like any other college course that has a clear progression of "You need to know X before you can produce/study Y".
accrual•9mo ago
Thanks so much for the insight!
ecshafer•9mo ago
OMSCS is basically a normal university structure, except for requiring you to do some foundational courses first (which essentially act as a competency check for the rest of the program).
johnecheck•9mo ago
Modeling mastery as a set of skills to be acquired with prerequisites and requirements is clearly valuable. Visualization can serve as a map that guides learners.

Universities employ this on a larger scale - degrees require classes that require passing grades and prerequisites. I like the idea of using it for smaller-scale learning like lessons, classes, and job training.

whiteborb•9mo ago
a "Hard Problem" with this approach is that it needs definable, enumerable "skills." real-world skills often involve flexibly combining tools and tactics in new ways. but not impossible to overcome (LLMs might be uniquely suited to help there actually - coming up with new scenarios etc.)
mym1990•9mo ago
I would argue the opposite, that LLMs are not good at creating novel scenarios which span multiple domains, or sub-domains. That is where creativity plays an important part. Of course an LLM will spit out something that might look like a viable way to combine tools and skills, whether it is correct is highly questionable.
johnsutor•9mo ago
It looks pretty akin to mathacademy.com, which is fantastic for brushing up on math concepts.
rahimnathwani•9mo ago
The PDF cites Justin's book about Math Academy.

I like how the paper lays out clearly the steps to create a skill tree, and some general guidelines.

The paper is perfect for use as part of an LLM prompt, e.g.

  Using the approach detailed in the attached paper, create a skill tree for writing a magical realism novela.
  Turn this into mermaid code. Don't use parentheses in labels.
https://mermaid.live/edit#pako:eNqNWH9v2zgS_SqEFvufW8SWm228w...
pyinstallwoes•9mo ago
Reminds me of SWG skill tree pre CU nerf
cultofmetatron•9mo ago
looks like mathacademy's approach which I've found to be extremely effective. I wish more moocs used this model of teaching.
constantcrying•9mo ago
>Computer science education has seen two important trends. One has been a shift from raw theory towards skills: competency-based teaching.

There is no greater skill in computer science, science or mathematics than a deep understanding of theory. It is the understanding of how distinct things fit together, nothing could be as helpful. Yes, even when developing a JS web app.