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What methylene blue can (and can’t) do for the brain

https://neurofrontiers.blog/what-methylene-blue-can-and-cant-do-for-the-brain/
86•wiry•3d ago

Comments

fhdkweig•4h ago
It can turn it blue. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methylene_blue#/media/File:Gro...
landl0rd•4h ago
It can also stain the heart and other tissues. But worth noting this was a much higher dose than your typical "biohacker" uses. The levels used in a hospital for things like methemoglobinemia, septic shock, whatever are many times larger.

Regardless, I don't understand why biohackers are often obsessed with things like methylene blue when targeted modulators usually exist. If someone is obsessed with "mitochondrial function" I'd expect him to look at methoxatin or something along those lines before something as broadly active as methylene blue. If someone wants MAO inhibition pharmaceutical options are probably better in terms of controllable isoform affinity. I don't see any reason to prefer something less well-studied for MAO inhibition over e.g. rasagiline or moclobemide.

dylan604•4h ago
probably for the same reasons as why people are obsessed with colloidal silver. someone once told them it was good, so they just went with it.
wiry•4h ago
maybe it has to do with how easy it is to procure?
imoldfella•4h ago
Availability: no gatekeepers. methylene blue predates the FDA and is grandfathered. Unless you want to break the law, it will be hard to biohack with rasagiline or moclobemide. Also probably some safety in using something that's been used long enough to be grandfathered.
landl0rd•4h ago
Just about any medication you want can be freely ordered from abroad. It is not against the law to use either, as they're not controlled substances. It is illegal to sell them for medical use without complying with pharmaceutical standards and a prescription, but it is not illegal to buy them.
hungryhobbit•4h ago
I think having to order your drugs from another country is pretty clearly a "gate keeper": you're basically making the point you're trying to argue against.
paulluuk•3h ago
I order plenty of things online (From other countries) and other than having to wait a week, it's trivially easy. Is it that much different when it's medicinal products?
quantadev•3h ago
You mean why would it be risky to ingest substances into your body from an untrusted source? I think that question answers itself.
landl0rd•3h ago
A while back I grabbed a topical corticosteroid cream from an indian subsidiary of an American pharmaceutical company because it was cheaper, faster, and easier than a dermatologist visit. It's often not a shady no-name manufacturer. Some guys in the bodybuilding world will get their steroids through Bayer's turkish subsidiary. Etc.
gertop•4h ago
> Just about any medication you want can be freely ordered from abroad. It is not against the law to use either, as they're not controlled substances.

Interesting, so buying prescription medication from abroad (and without a prescription of course) is not illegal as long as it isnt a narcotic?

landl0rd•4h ago
If it's a controlled substance, no. It's illegal to say "I'm selling you a drug" that's not an approved, appropriately-produced drug that's either OTC or dispensed with a prescription.

Because these are usually ordered from overseas companies that aren't governed by U.S. regulations, they're in the clear. Because it's not actually illegal for you to buy it, you're in the clear.

N.B. some "nootropics" are still controlled substances. For example, modafinil is I believe schedule IV so you technically could be prosecuted though it's unlikely.

Aurornis•3h ago
FYI: Possessing non-controlled prescription drugs may be illegal depending on your state. It’s generally a misdemeanor offense.

Whether you’d get caught or not is a separate matter, but don’t assume that it’s legal without checking local laws.

replwoacause•3h ago
Probably because you can buy it at a dish supply store like I did almost 20 years ago.
ajolly•3h ago
Plenty of people are taking Methoxatin (PQQ) as well, I'd argue its more common to take than methylene blue.
JKCalhoun•4h ago
Sent me down a rabbit hole — found the Blue Fugates of Kentucky: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blue_Fugates

Thanks, ha ha.

tkzed49•4h ago
thank you, this is the only answer I want
JKCalhoun•4h ago
Maybe an irresponsible link right here: https://wikijo.blogspot.com/2007/08/chemistry-methylene-blue...
dchristian•3h ago
> the ordered dosage of methylene blue was 1mg/kg/hr

That's 5X what is considered a safe dose.

Up to 2mg/kg/day is considered safe. Double that with care. But they were dosing every hour for days!

Aurornis•3h ago
Methylene Blue is fascinating because it has been present in alternative medicine, biohacking, and nootropics forums for decades. It seems everyone in those communities discovers it eventually, thinks it must be a miracle substance, and then either feels nothing or has some initial positive effects that are either placebo or diminish quickly with tolerance.

From the anecdotes I’ve read over the years, very few people continue taking it. They either feel nothing, get some worrying side effects, or the initial effects they experienced (or placebo) disappear after a couple days or weeks. The most positive posts seem to be correlated with people taking a dozen medications and supplements at the same time, so it’s impossible to know what’s causing their experience.

Another ever-popular medication in these communities is Selegiline: Also an MAOI but selective for MAO-B at low doses (warning: it’s easier to reach MAO-A inhibition with repeated dosing, especially sublingual, than many internet sources claim). This one draws in people who are in their “dopamine explains everything” phase of learning neuroscience and think it must be a hack to get “more dopamine”. Again, few people continue it and many are confused about why they end up fatigued or tired while taking it instead of turning into the guy from Limitless. Neuropharmacology isn’t as simple as taking drugs to push neurotransmitter up.

Selegiline was repurposed as an anti-depressant recently, but it’s delivered transdermally and only showed efficacy at levels high enough to be a full MAOI.

replwoacause•3h ago
Excellent summary. As someone who has taken both and spent an inordinate amount of time on Longecity, this is pretty spot on.
landl0rd•3h ago
Pretty much accurate, this is also my perception.

I think the whole "nootropics" and "biohacking" community would benefit from mandatory introductory reading to understand that disrupting homeostasis in a durable and meaningful way is actually darn hard to do without serious side effects.

spondylosaurus•2h ago
https://www.thecut.com/article/supplements-made-me-lose-my-m...

A recent cautionary tale about someone who took St. John's Wort because they didn't want to take antidepressants, then quit the SJW too quickly... which functionally put them into (prolonged, agonizing) SSRI withdrawal.

Aurornis•1h ago
SJW inhibits serotonin uptake and also has numerous other targets. It’s a fundamental misunderstanding of the alternative medicine world to consider it safer or more gentle than SSRIs.
spondylosaurus•26m ago
Yeah, I thought it was ironic (and a little funny) that people promote it as an SSRI alternative even though it's just a less precise, less regulated SSRI. It's like telling someone to skip their quinine pills and chug a bunch of tonic water instead!
Aurornis•1h ago
> understand that disrupting homeostasis in a durable and meaningful way is actually darn hard to do

This is a huge problem in online ADHD communities, too.

The ADHD subreddits are a constant stream of people having “Wow I feel amazing” reactions after taking their first stimulant dosage, followed a week later by complaints that it “stopped working”. It’s a constant cycle of informing people that the euphoria they experienced was a side effect, not how they’re going to feel for the rest of their life taking a stimulant.

protocolture•1h ago
Yeah I remember that high lasted for several weeks.
HighlandSpring•3h ago
Selegiline is also known as Emsam, the patches reportedly Sam Bankman-Fried was on, alongside ADHD meds. I recall reading how this may have been a large driver of his compulsive risk it all decision making that eventually brought it all down.
HiroshiSan•3h ago
Here’s a much better treatment of methylene blue than this article:

https://youtu.be/CnIJbbCvFdQ?si=lQ1i2Ah7ZIt6hewT

jdiff•2h ago
Is it? I don't see any sources linked to any studies at all in the description. I do however see an extensive list of affiliate and sponsor links to everything from sketchy supplements to anti-aging clinics featuring blood analysis to the evergreen classic: penis pumps.
HiroshiSan•2h ago
The studies referenced are highlighted and spread throughout the video for each point he talks about.

I’m not sure what penis pumps have to do with the quality of his research, they’re a legitimate medical device used in patients with erectile dysfunction. [1]

[1] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9497591/

jdiff•57m ago
Sure, they have a legitimate function. So do ivermectin and hydroxychloroquine. But they exist in a very particular and not-at-all reputable advertising niche. One that is noteworthily and heavily represented here.

An hour is a significant time investment. Not linking to your sources increases the bar for verifying claims high enough that it's suspicious to not do so.

I can't verify your claims about dosage. I can investigate the claims made in this article. If you want to strengthen your argument and ensure you aren't walking yourself down a path based on nothing but other people's ability to weave a narrative, you should seek out stronger sources for topics you care about.

getcrunk•3h ago
Didn’t Mel Gibson say it cures cancer? On jre
ycomb-acct•2h ago
no, that was ivermectin and fenbendezole he spoke of.
profsummergig•3h ago
How this guy is still alive after all the drugs he did in his youth, and all the testosterone/steroids he takes now, is a mystery to me.

Also, overdoses on methylene blue, apparently: https://x.com/iAnonPatriot/status/1887232439770087608

eYrKEC2•2h ago
I don't care what kind of quackery it takes to look like this at 71. Sign me up.

https://x.com/craigbrockie/status/1865776415934947687

karlgkk•2h ago
Eating clean, daily exercise. Treating conditions with lifestyle changes instead of medication - where feasible. That’s it for most people. He’s not cracked some secret code, but he uses it to push his wacky beliefs
eYrKEC2•1h ago
"Physician heal thyself" should definitely be a baseline in the health and medical establishment -- but it aint.

Being in the top 5% of healthy people for your age bracket should be table-stakes and we definitely do not have much of that.

valtism•22m ago
I don't believe it's just that. I'm pretty sure he's taking testosterone as well
perrygeo•3h ago
Given how long it's been around, the promising results, and how many people have been using it for "biohacking" for decades, it was at first a little surprising to hear how little double-blind clinical research exists. Then you realize: methylene blue can't be patented and it's manufacture is no secret. So no one is going to make big money from it, therefore no money goes into clinical research. All too familiar story, and it really calls into question the whole "clinical trials are the arbiter of truth" mentality if the one making that claim also controls the purse strings!
spondylosaurus•2h ago
I'm not sure that "can't be patented / manufacture is no secret" is necessarily the research bottleneck here, because you can make a lot of money selling analogs or derivatives of old, boring drugs. There was an interesting ProPublica story recently about a drug manufacturer raising the price of their (patented) cancer drug to eye-watering levels... and the drug in question is an analog of thalidomide! https://www.propublica.org/article/revlimid-price-cancer-cel...

One of the claims against this company is that they were preventing other companies from getting their hands on generic thalidomide, because they didn't want competitors to do research that might uncover similar analogs.

(I'm also not convinced that the results for methylene blue are especially promising or unique, but that's another matter :P)

cogman10•2h ago
In fact, well known grifters are currently making a boatload selling it with huge markups and branding.
why_at•2h ago
I have only vaguely heard of this substance so I may be missing some important context, but I don't think this attitude really holds up under scrutiny.

There's plenty of research done on things which can't be patented or used to turn a profit in some way. People do research on diet, exercise, vitamins, and pharmaceuticals which are now generic like aspirin etc. just to name a few off the top of my head.

There's also public funding available for research which isn't intended to make money for any particular corporation.

cogman10•2h ago
> it was at first a little surprising to hear how little double-blind clinical research exists.

Methylene blue turns your urine blue. How does someone conduct a double-blind studies with a substance that very clearly indicates whether or not you are taking it?

Another issue is it's hard to get grant money to run studies in general. What would the goal of the study be? What would it measure?

GLdRH•1h ago
Can't the placebo also contain some form of dye?
scheme271•49m ago
It'll be a bit more complicated than that since the dye would have to get from your gut to your blood and then into the urine without breaking down and without other side effects. It's possible but probably not the easiest thing.
tasty_freeze•2h ago
This same claim is used all the time, but it is hollow without more evidence.

Do you you think that everybody is cynical and is motivated by dollars? Since it is an inexpensive, readily available compound, what prevents biohackers from doing a small scale (say, N=100) double blind trial against some relatively inert compound that makes your pee blue?

A close cousin to this claim is the old chestnut, "A tinkerer invented a carburetor that allows any care to get over 100 mpg, but then the oil companies bought out and buried the patent!"

scubadude•1h ago
I used to subscribe to this argument but there is unlimited research on things that can't be owned.
Aurornis•1h ago
Methylene Blue is available as a prescription medication. It’s used in several conditions. You could even get your local compounding pharmacy to produce methylene blue capsules for you if you could find a doctor to write the prescription.

> Then you realize: methylene blue can't be patented and it's manufacture is no secret

This isn’t an impediment at all. There are numerous examples of old, simple drugs being repurposed for new conditions at different doses or different delivery mechanisms with very high price tags attached.

Selegiline is one such example. It was repurposed for depression as a transdermal patch and very high prices.

If methylene blue worked for the conditions claimed, it would be used clinically. The myth that big pharma is ignoring a compound that works doesn’t hold water.

cgio•2h ago
Before taking methylene blue, and if you have genetic origins from high risk areas (Mediterranean, African, SE Asia), make sure you know that you don’t have G6PD. As with all antimalarials, G6PD may result in haemolysis. Of course it’s also on every blue dessert etc. , but don’t take your previous exposure as sign of immunity. Haemolytic episodes are possible but not given and as such you can consume the substance with minor signs for years and still end up with an episode.
drob518•1h ago
I took it daily for a couple months, at a good sized dose (approx 20 drops per day). I stopped because

1. I didn’t notice any difference.

2. It’s really messy, as in it (semi permanently) stains your counter tops blue if you so much as let a fraction of a drop land somewhere, including the dehydrated dust. I ended up buying some lab glassware cleaner to help clean it up.

3. It temporarily stains your teeth blue. It also turns your urine blue/green, but that’s no big deal as long as you’re expecting it.

That said, I also didn’t experience any negative effects that I could perceive.

elcapitan•1h ago
Sounds like something you should only consume in Heisenberg quality.
kweks•22m ago
Alternatively, if your tropical or marine fish ever suffer from white-spot disease (actually a nasty protozoan), you use methylene blue to kill the parasite.

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