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GPT-5.2

https://openai.com/index/introducing-gpt-5-2/
498•atgctg•3h ago•390 comments

Denial of service and source code exposure in React Server Components

https://react.dev/blog/2025/12/11/denial-of-service-and-source-code-exposure-in-react-server-comp...
55•sangeeth96•59m ago•7 comments

Rivian Unveils Custom Silicon, R2 Lidar Roadmap, and Universal Hands Free

https://riviantrackr.com/news/rivian-unveils-custom-silicon-r2-lidar-roadmap-universal-hands-free...
117•doctoboggan•3h ago•141 comments

Litestream VFS

https://fly.io/blog/litestream-vfs/
160•emschwartz•3h ago•53 comments

An SVG is all you need

https://jon.recoil.org/blog/2025/12/an-svg-is-all-you-need.html
57•sadiq•2h ago•20 comments

The highest quality codebase

https://gricha.dev/blog/the-highest-quality-codebase
344•Gricha•3d ago•263 comments

Show HN: Sim – Apache-2.0 n8n alternative

https://github.com/simstudioai/sim
94•waleedlatif1•4h ago•12 comments

Almond (YC X25) Is Hiring SWEs and MechEs

https://www.ycombinator.com/companies/almond-2/jobs
1•shawnpatel•46m ago

The architecture of “not bad”: Decoding the Chinese source code of the void

https://suggger.substack.com/p/the-architecture-of-not-bad-decoding
19•Suggger•7h ago•11 comments

UK House of Lords attempting to ban use of VPNs by anyone under 16

https://alecmuffett.com/article/134925
15•nvarsj•1h ago•2 comments

My productivity app is a never-ending .txt file (2020)

https://jeffhuang.com/productivity_text_file/
85•simonebrunozzi•2h ago•59 comments

Craft software that makes people feel something

https://rapha.land/craft-software-that-makes-people-feel-something/
190•lukeio•8h ago•96 comments

Programmers and software developers lost the plot on naming their tools

https://larr.net/p/namings.html
59•todsacerdoti•3h ago•98 comments

Going Through Snowden Documents, Part 1

https://libroot.org/posts/going-through-snowden-documents-part-1/
134•libroot•2h ago•73 comments

Prove It All Night: With no fame or fortune, what keeps a band onstage? (1999)

https://chicagoreader.com/news/prove-it-all-night/
36•NaOH•1w ago•7 comments

An Orbital House of Cards: Frequent Megaconstellation Close Conjunctions

https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.09643
71•rapnie•6h ago•38 comments

Launch HN: BrowserBook (YC F24) – IDE for deterministic browser automation

52•cschlaepfer•6h ago•30 comments

Auto-grading decade-old Hacker News discussions with hindsight

https://karpathy.bearblog.dev/auto-grade-hn/
548•__rito__•1d ago•246 comments

iPhone Typos? It's Not Just You – The iOS Keyboard Is Broken [video]

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hksVvXONrIo
348•walterbell•6h ago•261 comments

Deprecate like you mean it

https://entropicthoughts.com/deprecate-like-you-mean-it
44•todsacerdoti•5h ago•108 comments

The Walt Disney Company and OpenAI Partner on Sora

https://openai.com/index/disney-sora-agreement/
86•inesranzo•7h ago•363 comments

Contact Sheet Prompting

https://www.willienotwilly.com/contact-sheet-prompting
4•handfuloflight•3d ago•1 comments

Golang optimizations for high‑volume services

https://packagemain.tech/p/golang-optimizations-for-highvolume
25•der_gopher•3d ago•6 comments

French supermarket's Christmas advert is worldwide hit (without AI) [video]

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Na9VmMNJvsA
124•gbugniot•8h ago•76 comments

EFF launches Age Verification Hub

https://www.eff.org/press/releases/eff-launches-age-verification-hub-resource-against-misguided-laws
157•iamnothere•1d ago•131 comments

Patterns.dev

https://www.patterns.dev/
540•handfuloflight•20h ago•124 comments

Show HN: Local Privacy Firewall-blocks PII and secrets before ChatGPT sees them

https://github.com/privacyshield-ai/privacy-firewall
92•arnabkarsarkar•2d ago•37 comments

Helldivers 2 on-disk size 85% reduction

https://store.steampowered.com/news/app/553850/view/491583942944621371
226•SergeAx•1w ago•237 comments

Encountering Japanese ellipses in English translations (2013)

https://legendsoflocalization.com/articles/japanese-ellipsis-usage/
13•tosh•1w ago•0 comments

Oldest attestation of Austronesian language: Đông Yên Châu inscription

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90%C3%B4ng_Y%C3%AAn_Ch%C3%A2u_inscription
61•teleforce•5d ago•22 comments
Open in hackernews

Litestream VFS

https://fly.io/blog/litestream-vfs/
160•emschwartz•3h ago

Comments

petcat•3h ago
Are people still trying to shoehorn sqlite to run in a server-side context? I thought that was a fad that everyone gave up on.
ashish01•3h ago
I use Litestream for near real-time backups. Does not change how SQLite is used on the server, just a replacement for .backup
mhitza•3h ago
No, it's still pretty cool, easy to use with low operational complexity in low volume read-mostly projects: CMSs, blogs, ecommerce platforms.
andersmurphy•1h ago
It's got crazy write throughput too if you hold it right.
jtbayly•3h ago
I am. Super simple. Super cheap. Great dev experience. Want to know whether the migration is going to work? Just download the prod db locally and test it. I'm happy.
christophilus•3h ago
Works for very small prod databases, I guess.
tptacek•2h ago
We use it internally for some rather large databases. It's not database size that matters, it's usage pattern.
andersmurphy•1h ago
Handles billions of rows just fine. Can take you unreasonably far on a single server.
9rx•3h ago
People are building DBMSes and, instead of writing the engine from scratch, are choosing an off-the-shelf solution that integrates into a DBMS with ease.

A better question to ask is why the world needs yet another DBMS, but the reasons are no doubt valid.

jauntywundrkind•3h ago
For things like config management I feel like it makes all the sense in the world. Whomever the primary is can soak some infrequent-ish write-load. Then the whole DB can quickly copy to where it's needed, or, in lite stream VFS 's case, even less needs to be shipped.
0xbadcafebee•2h ago
I am a heavy skeptic of this thing, but I can see a good use case for it: S3 I/O, ephemeral compute (1 instance), versioned blobs. The first two allow you to abstract the data away from the compute (flexibility), and the third lets you recover from mistakes or bugs quicker (or do immutable migrations easier).

I think the devil's in the details though. I expect a high number of unusual bugs due to the novel code, networking, and multiple abstractions. I'd need to trial it for a year before I called it reliable.

andersmurphy•1h ago
Nope, still going strong.

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=46124205

born-jre•3h ago
more goodies nice!

I am going to integrate Litestream into the thing I am going to building[1]. I experimented with a lot of ways, but it turns out there is WebDAV support recently merged, not in the docs.

[1]: https://github.com/blue-monads/potatoverse

hintoftime•3h ago
Does this mean that I can run an application in K8s via one or many horizontally scaled pods all running off DB in s3? No StatefulSet required?
benbjohnson•2h ago
Author here. The VFS support right now is currently read only so it's useful for something more like a shared cache of data.
dpedu•2h ago
I was doing something similar just the other day and came across sqlite-s3vfs[0]. It is likewise a SQLite VFS that translates IO to S3 api calls. However, that project is only for python and seemingly abandoned. Additionally, if you want more than one writer, you'd have to coordinate that yourself, afaik.

[0]: https://pypi.org/project/sqlite-s3vfs/

jauntywundrkind•3h ago
So much fun streaming/sync/cdc stuff happening, all so cool. Having an underlying FUSE driver doing the Change Data Capture is really neat. This looks like such an incredibly lightweight way to remote-connect to sqlite. And to add a sort of exterior transaction management.

Different use case, but makes me think of sqlite Rewrite-it-it-Rust Turso announcing AgentFS. Here the roles are flipped, sqlite is acting as a file store to back FUSE, to allow watching/transaction-managing the filesystem/what agents are doing. Turso also has a sick CDC system built in, that just writes all changes to a cdc table. Which is related to this whole meta question, of what is happening to my sqlite DB. https://turso.tech/blog/agentfs

tptacek•3h ago
Just to be clear, the underlying FUSE thing is LiteFS, not Litestream; nothing described in this post needs a FUSE filesystem, just a small SQLite VFS plugin library.
jauntywundrkind•2h ago
Thanks Thomas.

To just drop the relevant paragraph that addresses my un-clarity/in-correctness (and which is super fun to read):

> Litestream v0.5 integrates LTX, our SQLite data-shipping file format. Where earlier Litestream blindly shipped whole raw SQLite pages to and from object storage, LTX ships ordered sets of pages. We built LTX for LiteFS, which uses a FUSE filesystem to do transaction-aware replication for unmodified applications, but we’ve spent this year figuring out ways to use LTX in Litestream, without all that FUSE drama.

tptacek•2h ago
You got it. Yeah, Ben built LiteFS a year or two ago, which is why he designed LTX. But using LiteFS required people to set up FUSE filesystems, which was too complicated for a lot of people, so Litestream got way more uptake. This past year he's been harvesting all the good stuff from LiteFS that doesn't require FUSE and building it into Litestream.

The easiest way so far to understand the split between Litestream and LiteFS: Litestream is an operational tool, for backup and restore. LiteFS is a method for doing online leader/follower replica clusters.

skybrian•3h ago
This sounds pretty cool, but I’m confused about what software being announced. Is there a new release of Litestream?
benbjohnson•2h ago
Author here. Yes, Litestream v0.5.3 has been released with a new read-only VFS option: https://github.com/benbjohnson/litestream/releases/tag/v0.5....
zackify•2h ago
so how would i connect from a separate machine, i can't figure out from the post or release notes or current litestream website docs, how would i use the extension to do that?

Edit:

need to set LITESTREAM_ACCESS_KEY_ID, LITESTREAM_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY, LITESTREAM_REPLICA_URL

then the module works

wim•2h ago
I noticed the new release also includes "directory replication support for multi-tenant databases", great addition as well!
orliesaurus•2h ago
Been tinkering with litestream... the read-only VFS is neat but I'm curious about eventual write capabilities... using VFS for distributed DBs could unlock some interesting patterns.

ALSO I'm thinking about mixing this with object store caching... maybe combining memfs with remote metadata; would love to see more details on performance.

BUT I might be overthinking it... just excited to see SQLite exploring beyond local files...

reactordev•2h ago
Opens up a whole new can of worms. Transactions come to mind. Who would be responsible for coordinating? If two nodes wrote to the table conflicting information at the same time, who wins?
benbjohnson•1h ago
Author here. We've done some proof-of-concept work on creating distributed leases using S3. We have some use cases internally where we've considered adding write capabilities to the VFS but we haven't started any work on it yet.
hobo_mark•54m ago
Is this VFS for read-only databases? Or can I query a database that has a single litestream writer somewhere continously making updates and backing them up to S3?
benbjohnson•31m ago
The VFS is read only but it will continuously poll for new updates so if you have a writer somewhere else using regular Litestream then it will pick up those updates automatically.
reactordev•17m ago
It’s a tricky problem that goes beyond the fs as you know. Since it’s cloud and since it’s distributed, a manager wouldn’t be that far fetched that could issue CRDT like messages across the cluster of nodes to issue a “write” or utilize the sync mechanism you have to propagate a “master” db that you write to (aggregate or designate, either way). I did some work on this on a go based database graph and ended up doing a gossip sync crdt message bus.
indigodaddy•2h ago
This is awesome. Especially for sqlite db’s that are read only from a website user perspective. My use case would be an sqlite DB that would live on S3 and get updated by cron or some other task runner/automation means (eg some other facility independent of the website that is using the db), and the website would use litestream vfs and just make use of that “read only” (the website will never change or modify the db) db straightup. Can it be used in this described fashion? Also/if so, how will litestream vfs react to the remote db updating itself within this scenario? Will it be cool with that? Also I’m assuming there is or will be Python modules/integration for doing the needful around Litestream VFS?

Currently on this app, I have the Python/flask app just refreshing the sqlite db from a Google spreadsheet as the auth source (via dataframe then convert to sqlite) for the sqlite db on a daily scheduled basis done within the app.

For reference this is the current app: (yes the app is kinda shite but I’m just a sysadmin trying to learn Python!) https://github.com/jgbrwn/my-upc/blob/main/app.py

benbjohnson•1h ago
Author here. Litestream VFS will automatically poll for new back up data every second so it keeps itself up to date with any changes made by the original database.

You don't need any additional code (Python or otherwise) to use the VFS. It will work on the SQLite CLI as is.

indigodaddy•10m ago
Ok, yeah I think litestream vfs isn’t suitable to do as I described in the intended scenario.
Eikon•50m ago
Perhaps you would find ZeroFS [0] useful. It works great out the box with SQLite [1] and only depends on S3 as an external service.

[0] https://github.com/Barre/ZeroFS

[1] https://github.com/Barre/ZeroFS?tab=readme-ov-file#sqlite-pe...

indigodaddy•13m ago
Yes this approach might be better. Sounds like litestream vfs won’t really do what I wanted in my described scenario
rekwah•2h ago
Now do this with DuckDB.
sundbry•1h ago
Use iceberg tables for that in duckdb
itissid•2h ago
Really nice. We should have this as an add-on to https://app.codecrafters.io/courses/sqlite/overview It can probably teach one a lot about the value of good replication and data formats.

If you are not familiar with data systems, havea read DDIA(Designing Data Intensive Applications) Chapter 3. Especially the part on building a database from the ground up — It almost starts with sthing like "Whats the simplest key value store?": `echo`(O(1) write to end of file, super fast) and `grep`(O(n) read, slow) — and then build up all the way to LSMTrees and BTrees. It will all make a lot more sense why this preserves so many of those ideas.

bencornia•2h ago
> What we’re doing here is instantaneous point-in-time recovery (PITR), expressed simply in SQL and SQLite pragmas.

> Ever wanted to do a quick query against a prod dataset, but didn’t want to shell into a prod server and fumble with the sqlite3 terminal command like a hacker in an 80s movie? Or needed to do a quick sanity check against yesterday’s data, but without doing a full database restore? Litestream VFS makes that easy. I’m so psyched about how it turned out.

Man this is cool. I love the unix ethos of Litestream's design. SQLite works as normal and Litestream operates transparently on that process.

dzonga•2h ago
dumb question: can this be used for versioned tables then ? what to see the state of a table 1 hour ago ?
benbjohnson•1h ago
Author here. You can query the state of a table from an hour ago with Litestream VFS. It won't give you versioned tables in the sense that every time you update a row that it writes a new version in a table somewhere though.
psanford•2h ago
Oh hey this is using my go sqlite vfs module[0]. I love it when I find out some code I wrote is useful to others!

[0]: https://github.com/psanford/sqlite3vfs

benbjohnson•1h ago
It worked great! Thanks for your work on it.
fragmede•1h ago
that's all we really want in life.
simonw•1h ago
This is such a clean interface design:

  export LITESTREAM_REPLICA_URL="s3://my-bucket/my.db"
  export AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID="your-access-key"
  export AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY="your-secret-key"

  sqlite3

  .load litestream.so
  .open file:///my.db?vfs=litestream
  PRAGMA litestream_time = '5 minutes ago'; 
  select * from sandwich_ratings limit 3;
zackify•31m ago
For macos users,

brew install sqlite3, then change the bottom part:

  /opt/homebrew/opt/sqlite/bin/sqlite3
  .load litestream sqlite3_litestreamvfs_init
  .open file:///my.db?vfs=litestream
you have to manually pass in the init function name
chickensong•1h ago
As a sandwich enthusiast, I would like to know more about these sandwich ratings.
darintay•1h ago
Does this work with sqlite extensions? If I were using e.g. sqlite-vec or -vss or some other vector search extension would I be able to use litestream to back it up to S3 live, and then litestream-vfs to query it remotely without downloading the whole thing?
andersmurphy•1h ago
Yeah I wonder how it would work with things like custome application functions etc. But I guess the query is run locally and it's the pages that are fetched from S3? So it just works? That would be awesome.

I guess there's only one way to find out.

JaggerJo•33m ago
because liters works at the lowest level (virtual file system) all other things should just work.
ncruces•3m ago
Yes. (that's all, really)
dangoodmanUT•33m ago
I'm glad they did this! I've always thought VFS was a better fit for the objectives of Litestream than the original design.

SQLite VFS is really cool tech, and pretty easy to work with (IMO easier than FUSE).

I had made a _somewhat similar_ VFS [1] (with a totally different set of guarantees), and it felt pretty magical how it "just worked" with normal SQLite

[1] https://github.com/danthegoodman1/gRPSQLite

zackify•13m ago
This is great... just got it working using bun:sqlite! Just need to have "LITESTREAM_REPLICA_URL" and the key id and secret env vars set when running the script.

  import { Database } from "bun:sqlite";
  Database.setCustomSQLite("/opt/homebrew/opt/sqlite/lib/libsqlite3.dylib");

  // Load extension first with a temp db
  const temp = new Database(":memory:");
  temp.loadExtension("/path/to/litestream.dylib", "sqlite3_litestreamvfs_init");

  // Now open with litestream VFS
  const db = new Database("file:my.db?vfs=litestream");

  const fruits = db.query("SELECT * FROM fruits;").all();
  console.log(fruits);