frontpage.
newsnewestaskshowjobs

Made with ♥ by @iamnishanth

Open Source @Github

fp.

Start all of your commands with a comma

https://rhodesmill.org/brandon/2009/commands-with-comma/
163•theblazehen•2d ago•48 comments

OpenCiv3: Open-source, cross-platform reimagining of Civilization III

https://openciv3.org/
674•klaussilveira•14h ago•202 comments

The Waymo World Model

https://waymo.com/blog/2026/02/the-waymo-world-model-a-new-frontier-for-autonomous-driving-simula...
950•xnx•20h ago•552 comments

How we made geo joins 400× faster with H3 indexes

https://floedb.ai/blog/how-we-made-geo-joins-400-faster-with-h3-indexes
123•matheusalmeida•2d ago•33 comments

Jeffrey Snover: "Welcome to the Room"

https://www.jsnover.com/blog/2026/02/01/welcome-to-the-room/
22•kaonwarb•3d ago•20 comments

Unseen Footage of Atari Battlezone Arcade Cabinet Production

https://arcadeblogger.com/2026/02/02/unseen-footage-of-atari-battlezone-cabinet-production/
58•videotopia•4d ago•2 comments

Show HN: Look Ma, No Linux: Shell, App Installer, Vi, Cc on ESP32-S3 / BreezyBox

https://github.com/valdanylchuk/breezydemo
232•isitcontent•14h ago•25 comments

Monty: A minimal, secure Python interpreter written in Rust for use by AI

https://github.com/pydantic/monty
225•dmpetrov•15h ago•118 comments

Show HN: I spent 4 years building a UI design tool with only the features I use

https://vecti.com
332•vecti•16h ago•145 comments

Hackers (1995) Animated Experience

https://hackers-1995.vercel.app/
495•todsacerdoti•22h ago•243 comments

Sheldon Brown's Bicycle Technical Info

https://www.sheldonbrown.com/
383•ostacke•20h ago•95 comments

Microsoft open-sources LiteBox, a security-focused library OS

https://github.com/microsoft/litebox
360•aktau•21h ago•182 comments

Show HN: If you lose your memory, how to regain access to your computer?

https://eljojo.github.io/rememory/
289•eljojo•17h ago•175 comments

An Update on Heroku

https://www.heroku.com/blog/an-update-on-heroku/
413•lstoll•21h ago•279 comments

Vocal Guide – belt sing without killing yourself

https://jesperordrup.github.io/vocal-guide/
32•jesperordrup•4h ago•16 comments

Was Benoit Mandelbrot a hedgehog or a fox?

https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.01122
20•bikenaga•3d ago•8 comments

Where did all the starships go?

https://www.datawrapper.de/blog/science-fiction-decline
18•speckx•3d ago•7 comments

PC Floppy Copy Protection: Vault Prolok

https://martypc.blogspot.com/2024/09/pc-floppy-copy-protection-vault-prolok.html
64•kmm•5d ago•8 comments

Dark Alley Mathematics

https://blog.szczepan.org/blog/three-points/
91•quibono•4d ago•21 comments

How to effectively write quality code with AI

https://heidenstedt.org/posts/2026/how-to-effectively-write-quality-code-with-ai/
258•i5heu•17h ago•196 comments

Delimited Continuations vs. Lwt for Threads

https://mirageos.org/blog/delimcc-vs-lwt
32•romes•4d ago•3 comments

What Is Ruliology?

https://writings.stephenwolfram.com/2026/01/what-is-ruliology/
44•helloplanets•4d ago•42 comments

Introducing the Developer Knowledge API and MCP Server

https://developers.googleblog.com/introducing-the-developer-knowledge-api-and-mcp-server/
60•gfortaine•12h ago•26 comments

I now assume that all ads on Apple news are scams

https://kirkville.com/i-now-assume-that-all-ads-on-apple-news-are-scams/
1070•cdrnsf•1d ago•446 comments

Female Asian Elephant Calf Born at the Smithsonian National Zoo

https://www.si.edu/newsdesk/releases/female-asian-elephant-calf-born-smithsonians-national-zoo-an...
36•gmays•9h ago•12 comments

I spent 5 years in DevOps – Solutions engineering gave me what I was missing

https://infisical.com/blog/devops-to-solutions-engineering
150•vmatsiiako•19h ago•70 comments

Understanding Neural Network, Visually

https://visualrambling.space/neural-network/
288•surprisetalk•3d ago•43 comments

Why I Joined OpenAI

https://www.brendangregg.com/blog/2026-02-07/why-i-joined-openai.html
150•SerCe•10h ago•142 comments

Learning from context is harder than we thought

https://hy.tencent.com/research/100025?langVersion=en
186•limoce•3d ago•100 comments

Show HN: R3forth, a ColorForth-inspired language with a tiny VM

https://github.com/phreda4/r3
73•phreda4•14h ago•14 comments
Open in hackernews

I wish SSDs gave you CPU performance style metrics about their activity

https://utcc.utoronto.ca/~cks/space/blog/tech/SSDWritePerfMetricsWish
92•ingve•3mo ago

Comments

jauntywundrkind•3mo ago
One of the big innovations of NVMe over SATA was giving us a bunch of separate command queues. It'd be lovely to get some per queue information.

I feel like maybe some of this info is already available we just don't commonly look at it: knowing how deep the queue is, how many commands are outstanding at any given moment is probably a decent start. I haven't spent time digging into blk-mq to see what's available, to understand the hardware dispatch queue (how the kernel represents the many hardware queues available) info. https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/v5.16/block/blk-mq.html

adgjlsfhk1•3mo ago
I think a lot of the problem is that the ssd is fast enough and far enough away that by the time you get a response back it's fairly out of date
dleary•3mo ago
That’s a separate concern.

Every command that you issue to the ssd returns a response. It would be nice to have a bunch of performance counters that tell us where the time went with each of the commands we give it.

GPUs have this already.

wmf•3mo ago
This was solved in networking by having the device collect a histogram of queue occupancy.
fh973•3mo ago
Queues tend to be always full or always empty (see queueing theory). There is no steady state with a half full queue.

For NVMe in particular you will have a hard time filling their queues. Your perceived performance is mostly latency, as there is hardly an application that can submit enough concurrent requests.

andai•3mo ago
This reminds me of not too long ago when you could hear the sound of the spinny disk in action, and you'd know if there was an issue (e.g. low on RAM and swapping a lot, or the dreaded Windows search indexer).

You get many of the same problems these days, but they're a bit harder to diagnose. You have to go looking at system monitors to see what's going on. Whereas, if the computer just communicated to you what it was doing, in an ambient way, this stuff would be immediately obvious.

I've heard stories like this where people worked on older computers that were loud, and then you could actually hear what it was doing. If it got stuck in an infinite loop, you'd literally hear it.

That seems like very much a feature to me.

buildbot•3mo ago
You can hear some modern GPU/CPUs (well really their power electronics) when they get heavily loaded!

With training runs it makes a little beat and you can tell when it checkpoints because there’s a little skip. Or a GPU drops off the bus…

dataflow•3mo ago
> You can hear some modern GPU/CPUs (well really their power electronics) when they get heavily loaded!

I'd hope you hear their fans too...

tomsmeding•3mo ago
Sure, but that has a resolution of seconds at best. The coil whine in the power electronics is milliseconds-accurate.
wpm•3mo ago
Yeah I get a nice reminder to limit frame rates when I hear the atrocious coil whine from my 4090 as it renders 1500fps of a static loading screen.

First world problems.

JohnBooty•3mo ago
I live in an old house. When weather permits, I work in the detached garage.

When doing some AI stuff on my garage PC (4060 Ti; nothing crazy) the overhead lights in the garage slightly but noticeably dim. This doesn't occur when gaming.

It's most easily noticeable with one of nVidia's demo apps -- "AI Paintbrush" or something like that, I forget. It's a GUI app where you can "paint" with the mouse cursor. When you depress the mouse button, the GPU engages... and the garage lights dim. Release the mouse button, and the lights return to normal.

ssl-3•3mo ago
PCs used to be pretty noisy even in the 90s.

The drives were numerous (hard, floppy, tape, optical), and the noises were too loud to avoid using diagnostically. Printers clacked and whooshed (and sometimes moved furniture). Scanners sang songs. Monitors produced clicks and pops and buzzes and sizzles, and the flyback transformer would continuously whine at different frequencies depending on mode. Modems made dialing and shrieking noises. Sound cards were anything but silent; a person could hear noises that varied based on the work the system was doing. And for a long while, CPUs and/or front side bus speeds put a lot of noise right in the middle of the FM dial.

Computing is pretty quiet these days.

mulmen•3mo ago
90s? I had all of the listed devices well into the 2010s.
ssl-3•3mo ago
During the 2010s: I was very done with floppy, and tape, and nearly done with optical media. My laptop no longer had a modem built-in and it took me months to notice this. I gave up on printing expensive color images at home (and began ordering inexpensive dye-sub or photographic prints), and laser printers (that could print any color desired as long it was black) were cheap and quiet and most of the surviving "old" examples were new enough to no longer smell strongly of ozone; the reciprocating print mechanisms of yore were simply gone. The scanner no longer sings. Essentially-silent LCD monitors had replaced the CRTs. Internal sound cards had become quite good at being silent, and during that time also became excellent at being irrelevant. SSDs became common (and big/cheap enough to use) on most normal systems. Even cooling fans were getting quieter, probably thanks to the combined effects of the introduction of standardized PWM and Noctua's influence (both in 2005): By the 2010s, building a very quiet PC was no longer the dark art it had been in parts of the 90s.

At least in my world, the sound of computing had changed quite a bit over the span of decades from the 90s to the 2010s.

The only incidentally-noisy computing things I had left at the end of the teens were the hard drives of ever-increasing size that got used for storing Linux ISOs.

mulmen•3mo ago
Fair. I didn't have tape in the 2010s. I definitely had archives on floppy in the 2010s but by the end of the decade I was done with them. But only in the last couple years has my desktop become fully solid state.
hulitu•3mo ago
> PCs used to be pretty noisy even in the 90s.

They are still noisy when doing real work on them. Especially laprops.

CaptainOfCoit•3mo ago
This is coming back now it seems, as the last three GPUs I've had all had coil whine which is distinct per activity. When I'm doing some processing sequentially across 3 different LLMs, I can hear based on the type of coil whine which LLM is currently doing the inference.
otras•3mo ago
I remember learning about the complex pumping machines running some of the reservoir pumps in Boston (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metropolitan_Waterworks_Museum), where they made such distinct noises when working (and malfunctioning) that an engineer could diagnose the problem by ear.

I sometimes think about what a modern analogy would be for some of the operations work I do — translate a graph of status codes into a steady hum at 440hz for 200s, then cacophonous jolts as the 500s start to arrive? As you mentioned, no perfect analogy as you get farther and farther from moving parts.

SoftTalker•3mo ago
Cars are a pretty common example. Any new noises or changes in noises are indicating something. Usually a developing problem. E.g. a groaning or roaring noise, especially in turns, that varies with speed, is likely a worn out wheel bearing.
andai•3mo ago
Sound is a good cue to problems. In one place I worked, we had a big board of dials showing what was happening to our web servers. The hands were moved by little servomotors that made a slight noise when they turned. I couldn't see the board from my desk, but I found that I could tell immediately, by the sound, when there was a problem with a server.

https://www.paulgraham.com/popular.html

jychang•3mo ago
You can try running LLMs on your own computer!

They have extremely distinct sounds coming from the GPUs. You can hear the difference between GPT-OSS-20b and Qwen3-30b pretty easily just based on the sounds that the gpu is making.

The sound is being produced by the VRMs and power supply to the GPU being switched on and off hundreds of times per second. Each token being produced consumes power, and each attention and MLP layer consumes a different amount of power. No other GPU stress test consumes power in the same way, so you rarely hear that sound otherwise.

vrighter•3mo ago
this. I was running a reinforcement learning training run. I could very clearly hear from the coil whine whether it was simulating or backpropagating
andai•3mo ago
That is so cool. My computer isn't loud enough though. I think I'll have to install a guitar pickup. TEMPEST@HOME!

(I've also gotten great use out of a $5 AM/FM radio.)

LargoLasskhyfv•3mo ago
Hrrm. Maybe up to 25 years ago, but certainly 30 years ago you had similar phenomena via FM-Radio. Depending on what you did, there were different interferences in the radio. Unzipping something made different sounds than compiling, running a raytracer, or zooming into fractals.

One could use that while half asleep in the bedroom, whith a radio tuned into the right frequency, almost muted, and then know if Portage on Gentoo, or build.sh/pkgsrc on NetBSD was ready, or interrupted.

Because no buzzing or humming anymore :-)

antisthenes•3mo ago
> You get many of the same problems these days, but they're a bit harder to diagnose.

Luckily, storage also get incredibly cheap, so instead of diagnosing it's easier to just have a full backup of your data, and swap to it in case something goes wrong.

bayindirh•3mo ago
Malfunctioning devices are small part of the issue. One can understand how the workload strains the system via the sounds it (used to) make.

Graphs and logs provide a proxy to that data at best, and attaching a debugger, tracer, or perf tool is not an option all the time.

Sounds and LEDs provided an overhead-free real time communication channel to the operation of the system.

userbinator•3mo ago
Drive activity lights are also useful especially with an SSD, but they seem to be gone from most if not all laptops these days. Part of me wonders if that was a deliberate decision to hide activity which users may not want.
hulitu•3mo ago
> Part of me wonders if that was a deliberate decision to hide activity which users may not want.

No. Just removing of parts to increase profits.

Bender•3mo ago
Part of me wonders if that was a deliberate decision to hide activity which users may not want.

Possibly. My first 386-DX40 had activity lights and I tried out a CompuServ disk and saw my HD activity going nuts so I killed the power and trashed the CD.

There are programs that can show a virtual LED for HD and Network activity so all is not lost.

SoftTalker•3mo ago
My dad used to tell me that the first computers he programmed had a front panel with toggle switches and LEDs showing the binary content of the program counter and some other status values and he could tell by the activity on the LEDs whether the program was running normally.
eurleif•3mo ago
SSDs (many of them at least) actually do make little noises when they're busy! I noticed my PC was making a noise, and I went on a wild goose chase trying to track it down. (Was something wrong with one of the fans? Was it coil whine from the GPU?) I didn't immediately suspect the SSD, because everyone claims they're silent. Then I finally realized the noise corresponded with disk activity, and I found a YouTube video confirming it: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KS-BHI667po
nashashmi•3mo ago
I could hear those same sounds in my blackberry. It was surreal. I put it close to my ear and could hear it work.
1718627440•3mo ago
Yes, but that noise has a frequency that is way higher. It is the same as with new motors/electric motors. While it is technically true, that the loudness of the sound is less, they are more annoying, so you trade a fine sound that also serves as an easy diagnostic, to a obtrusive noise, that also conveys less semantics.
dr_kiszonka•3mo ago
It is clearly not the same experience, but it is possible to emulate these sounds with software like DiskClick (Win, Linux, maybe MacOS).
matsemann•3mo ago
I've experimented with sound for some debugging. Like, something that makes a soind every time a log line is emitted. Or every time the browser repaints something. Like a Geiger counter, can hear when something is off.
Alive-in-2025•3mo ago
I remember when you could hear the fan on your pc and you knew when the os crashed because the fan would spin up to 100% when the cpu go into some kind of short path infinite loop. That spinning fan sound still alerts me 30 years later.
zokier•3mo ago
Doesn't nvme have lot of log capabilities, like telemetry log etc?
wmf•3mo ago
Consumer NVMe probably doesn't have that. It has SMART which is hard to interpret.
cjensen•3mo ago
This is asking too much. The management of trim, reallocation, wear leveling, and so much more is very complex. It's a full software stack hiding behind the abstraction of NVMe. Every manufacturer is running a different stack with different features and tradeoffs. The "stats" the author is asking for would be entirely different between manufacturers, and I doubt there is that much to be gained from peering behind the curtain.
zekrioca•3mo ago
It has been done previously for CPUs, which are much more complex than SSDs. Why couldn’t each manufacturer expose whatever performance metrics there are, in whichever way they want (as the post argues, eg., through SMART), and then let system engineers exploit this information to optimize their use-cases?
jeffbee•3mo ago
Seems like a poor example since CPU performance metrics differ not only between ISAs, and between vendors of one ISA (AMD vs. Intel, for example) but also between items from a single vendor. There's a 1000-page PDF that tries to explain what all the Intel PMU counters mean on different CPUs and it's full of errors and omissions as well.
zekrioca•3mo ago
Yes, but these differences don’t really matter. There are multiple techniques that system engineers can use to perform both variable selection and regularization (to help with differences across multiple architectures) to help them select counters that matter for their specific use cases.

But then saying “it is too much to ask” is just another way to limit what user can do with the specific resources they paid for.

jeffbee•3mo ago
The abstraction is the problem. Get rid of the translation layer, manage flash directly in the operating system, and suddenly the ambiguity dissolves. You would get meaningful, uniform statistics with semantics necessarily matching those used by your operating system.
ssl-3•3mo ago
Do I really want my relatively expensive general-purpose CPU to be burdened with the task of managing flash using software, when a relatively inexpensive ASIC does that job very quickly and efficiently?

There's a lot of non-trivial stuff that goes on inside of a modern SSD. And to be sure, none of it is magic; all of it could certainly be implemented in software.

But is that kind of drastic move strictly necessary in order to get meaningful statistics?

jeffbee•3mo ago
There would be other benefits, such as reduced write amplification and better workload isolation. The observability would just be gravy.
adgjlsfhk1•3mo ago
ssds aren't using Asics. they're full blown computers. Apple has moved to ssd control on soc and it seems to work for them.
ssl-3•3mo ago
Apple moving SSD control to a hardware block in their own custom chip is not the same thing as implementing the functionality using software.

(You've heard about apple and orange comparisons, right? Right.)

1718627440•3mo ago
I would call that thing running on that custom chip software.
ssl-3•3mo ago
You don't need me or anyone else to tell you that you're free to call it whatever you want.

I'm going to keep referring to the QuickSync video encoding block in my CPU as "hardware," though, because the tiny lump of transistors that is dedicated to performing this specialized task is something that I can kick.

Relatedly, the business of managing raw NAND storage on Apple devices and abstracting it to operating system software as NVMe: That translation happens in hardware. That hardware is also something that I can kick, so I'm going to keep calling it "hardware".

kasabali•3mo ago
QuickSync isn't analog to an SSD controller. One is a specialized IP block that handles video streams, other is a generic ARM or RISC core running a specific software for handling low level NAND operations.
srean•3mo ago
I have had a long held, far far simpler wish that has remained out of my reach since ever -- can SMART implementation by vendors be not so half assed.

I have had the wish since the days of spinning disks.

tanelpoder•3mo ago
Indeed, would be nice if there were a standardized API/naming for internal NVMe events, so you'd not have to look up the vendor-specific RAW counters and their offsets. Somewhat like the libpfm/PerfMon2 library for standardized naming for common CPU counters/events across architectures.

The `nvme id-ctrl -H` (human readable) option does parse and explain some configuration settings and hardware capabilities in a more standardized human readable fashion, but availability of internal activity counters, events vary greatly across vendors, products, firmware versions (and even your currently installed nvme & smartctl software package versions).

Regarding eBPF (for OS level view), the `biolatency` tool supports -F option to additionally break down I/Os by the IORQ flags. I have added the iorq_flags to my eBPF `xcapture` tool as well, so I can break down IOs (and latencies) by submitter PID, user, program, etc and see IORQ flags like "WRITE|SYNC|FUA" that help to understand why some write operations are slower than others (especially on commodity SSDs without power-loss-protected write cache).

An example output of viewing IORQ flags in general is below:

https://tanelpoder.com/posts/xcapture-xtop-beta/#disk-io-wai...

Avamander•3mo ago
It's not only NVMe/SSD that could use such standardization.

If you want detailed Ryzen stats you have to use ryzen_monitor. If you want detailed Seagate HDD stats you have to use OpenSeaChest. If you want detailed NIC queue stats there's ethq. I'm sure there are other examples as well.

Most hardware metrics are still really difficult to collect, understand and monitor.

LebanonJon•3mo ago
Most recent NVMe SSDs support OCP NVMe spec which has c0 log page. Can just get from standard NVMe cli OCP plugin. https://www.opencompute.org/documents/datacenter-nvme-ssd-sp...