frontpage.
newsnewestaskshowjobs

Open Source @Github

fp.

KOReader

https://koreader.rocks/
132•Cider9986•1h ago•52 comments

Document-borne AI worms can self-propagate through Copilot for Word

https://enklypesalt.com/posts/context-collapse-part3-ai-worming-through-word/
78•Canopy9560•1h ago•54 comments

More Tailscale tricks for your jailbroken Kindle

https://tailscale.com/blog/jailbroken-kindle-proxy-tun-modes
265•Error6571•8h ago•92 comments

SpecForge – A Platform for Authoring Formal Specifications

https://docs.imiron.io/v/0.5.10/en/tour.html
36•agnishom•2h ago•1 comments

Amiga Graphics Archive

https://amiga.lychesis.net/index.html
49•Bluestein•2h ago•9 comments

User Interfaces of the Demo Scene

https://www.datagubbe.se/scenegui/
270•zdw•8h ago•42 comments

SQLite in Production: Optimizing WAL Mode, Concurrency, and VFS Layers

https://micrologics.org/blog/sqlite-in-production-optimizing-wal-mode-concurrency-and-vfs-layers-...
117•ankitg12•5h ago•45 comments

Lisp moving Forth moving Lisp

https://letoverlambda.com/textmode.cl/guest/chap8.html
54•fallat•2d ago•18 comments

Codex Security

https://github.com/openai/codex-security
535•bakigul•16h ago•192 comments

French musician Kavinsky found dead

https://www.euronews.com/culture/2026/07/29/dj-kavinsky-known-for-his-track-nightcall-found-dead-...
61•bristleworm•1h ago•9 comments

Ancient Rome's version of Google Maps: how long to reach the beach

https://www.euronews.com/culture/2026/07/02/ancient-romes-version-of-google-maps-how-long-to-reac...
38•gnabgib•6d ago•29 comments

Show HN: I was tired of opening 2 tabs for every HN link, so I made a userscript

https://github.com/twalichiewicz/HNewhere
349•twalichiewicz•14h ago•100 comments

Substack writers, you need a website

https://elizabethtai.com/2026/06/10/substack-writers-you-need-a-website/
581•speckx•20h ago•308 comments

Half-Life ported to Mac OS 9

https://mac-classic.com/news/half-life-ported-to-mac-os-9/
274•freediver•16h ago•128 comments

Show HN: Vimgolf.ai – Learn Vim by playing through a map of levels

https://vimgolf.ai
18•nickandbro•3h ago•16 comments

Kimi K3 Architecture Overview and Notes

https://sebastianraschka.com/blog/2026/kimi-k3-architecture-notes.html
468•ModelForge•21h ago•100 comments

Cracking Windows Open: Porting RADV to Win32

https://www.collabora.com/news-and-blog/news-and-events/cracking-windows-open-porting-radv-to-win...
63•zdw•8h ago•21 comments

ReFrame – The EPaper Camera

https://reframe.camera/
164•phil294•13h ago•37 comments

Steel Bank Common Lisp version 2.6.7

https://sbcl.org/all-news.html?2.6.7
249•tmtvl•19h ago•114 comments

LearnVector – Andrew Ng's AI company building one‑to‑one learning experiences

https://learnvector.ai/
223•ajhai•11h ago•143 comments

Transformer Transformer: A Unified Model for Motion-Conditioned Robot Co-Design

https://transformer-transformer.github.io/
65•ilreb•9h ago•7 comments

Delayed Gratification – Proud to Be 'Last to Breaking News'

https://www.slow-journalism.com/
313•speerer•21h ago•183 comments

Hubble: Open-source notetaking app for you and your agents

https://www.hubble.md/
128•handfuloflight•12h ago•58 comments

Una GPS smart watch – Repairable, USB-C charging, developer-friendly

https://unawatch.com/
246•pimterry•22h ago•156 comments

Teach yourself programming in ten years (1998)

https://www.norvig.com/21-days.html
172•vinhnx•3d ago•103 comments

60 Years Ago, a Submerged Submarine Circled the Globe for the First Time (2020)

https://www.popularmechanics.com/military/weapons/a32009109/operation-sandblast-sumbarine-circumn...
29•baud147258•1d ago•11 comments

Hooray for the Sockets Interface

https://blog.apnic.net/2026/07/28/hooray-for-the-sockets-interface/
49•jruohonen•10h ago•29 comments

The iPhone Upgrade Program is being replaced by Apple Upgrade

https://www.apple.com/shop/iphone/iphone-upgrade-program
194•lkurtz•19h ago•347 comments

Zig's Incremental Compilation Internals

https://mlugg.co.uk/posts/incremental-compilation-internals/
258•garyhtou•21h ago•188 comments

Now is the time to give LLMs access to the ACM digital library

https://cacm.acm.org/opinion/now-is-the-time-to-give-llms-access-to-the-acm-digital-library/
180•rbanffy•22h ago•149 comments
Open in hackernews

Document-borne AI worms can self-propagate through Copilot for Word

https://enklypesalt.com/posts/context-collapse-part3-ai-worming-through-word/
78•Canopy9560•1h ago

Comments

Canopy9560•1h ago
Author here.

This post covers a coordinated disclosure with Microsoft (MSRC) regarding a vulnerability class that allows attacker-controlled instructions in an attached document to hijack Copilot for Word.

It manipulates the AI to alter the output text (e.g., halving financial figures) and append the attack prompt into the new document concealed as white text.

Because the downstream document now carries the payload, it acts similarly to an AI worm across normal user workflows. Microsoft deployed multiple fixes over a 144-day coordination period, but the broader vulnerability class remains unmitigated and exploitable because it exploits fundamental limitations of current LLMs.

When attacker instructions are combined with legitimate information the model's context window, the tokens being inspected participate in the act of inspection, meaning current LLM architectures provide no reliable boundary between intention and interpretation.

anon48293•1h ago
“ At the time of publication, no robust mitigation for the broader vulnerability class is available.”

Well, that sounds promising..

ptx•6m ago
Well, yes. That LLMs are unable to distinguish instructions from data is a well-known and unsolved problem with LLMs in general.

This is one of the reasons it would be completely insane to give LLMs access to your data or rely on them for important tasks. But apparently that doesn't stop people from doing it anyway.

simonw•1h ago
> Malicious instructions hidden in an externally shared document could make Copilot alter drafted or edited documents in Word and propagate the attack to new documents.

Oh no.

fxwin•52m ago
something something lethal trifecta
baq•36m ago
waiting for W^X reinvented, renamed and marketed for the Agentic Era (r)TM
Ragnarork•12m ago
Self-replicating Inference Guardails Hardening or SIGH
TeMPOraL•8m ago
And Santa Claus, and other fairy tales we tell small children before they're ready to understand how reality actually works.
fg137•38m ago
Mixing instructions and data is never a good idea.

And I thought people understood that.

bossyTeacher•30m ago
Isn't React, the most popular JS library, an example of that? Clearly people don't understand that
skybrian•50m ago
Why is it possible to have hidden text in a Word document? Why should the AI have access to that text?
doublerabbit•47m ago
The same reason to why you let AI have access to your filesystem. Idiocy, you need to teach AI to be smart somehow.

You train a monkey to learn from a bunch of lower level intelligence monkeys. The same applies for AI. Just this time we are the monkeys.

yoz-y•47m ago
It’s the good old white text on white background. Not really a way to defend against this, except having a no-style or high contrast mode that people actually use. Maybe some warning that would trigger if text is too small, off page or has very low contrast would help?
skybrian•31m ago
It seems like there could be a filter so that the AI can only see the text when it’s clear that a user could read it, and it’s okay if the AI misses some text. This might involve actually rendering it, though.
skywhopper•44m ago
The LLM is reading the bytes of the file, not looking at a picture of its rendering. File metadata exists as well, and change history. Tons of places to hide text.

Even if you processed it via a screenshot, image files are processed byte by byte as well and can contain textual metadata.

Ekaros
teodosin•45m ago
I may be naive here but can the hidden text not be flagged or outright removed before being passed to copilot? Why would there not be consideration for what a human user can see, especially if the hidden text was added by copilot in the first place?
yorwba•12m ago
There are many ways to hide text. Low contrast, small font size, image covering part of the text, too-small box cutting off some parts, custom font making certain words look like other ones... Alerting the user about such formatting issues would be helpful (e.g. also when you try to redact something by drawing a black rectangle over it without removing the text underneath) but you probably shouldn't rely on it for security.

As long as Copilot can't be prevented from acting on instructions in its input, it would be safer to not make untrusted document content part of the input, similar to how macros in untrusted documents aren't executed by default.

woadwarrior01•44m ago
Could this possible be the first AI worm? Or are there any priors to this?
Canopy9560•34m ago
Morris II(https://arxiv.org/abs/2403.02817) did demonstrate worming behaviour, so the concept at least is not new. However, I do not know of any similar demonstration in a commercial productivity product like Word.
nottorp•28m ago
First LLM worm.
SkyBelow•3m ago
Hmm... does this mean we could see AI worm evolution now?

In the past, a worm couldn't really evolve unless it was coded to do so, and only to the extent it was coded. But an LLM worm, which instructs the LLM to copy the instructions elsewhere, will have slight random changes made as different LLMs will not always copy it perfectly. If a counter measure is deployed, and one of this alterations allows a miscopy to survive and keeps spreading, it feels like we have hit a much more natural case of evolution of a worm than ever before.

One might even argue it is the most natural case of evolution in software because the evolution was never intentionally designed. The worm wasn't made to evolve, the LLM wasn't made with the idea of helping the worm evolve, the task trying to end the worm was done with the intent of the worm evolving. While all steps are human done, evolution wasn't intended by any of them, so if it does happen, it makes it a bit more 'natural' than every simulated evolution algorithm before it.

nticompass•43m ago
It's VBScript/macro worms all over again!
proactivesvcs•12m ago
Except turning off macros means losing our precious slop generators! Won't someone think of the fossil fuel industry?
ghlancet•41m ago
I mean all your data is already exfiltrated to Copilot, so a little extra worm cannot hurt.

It is fun to see how all AI narratives are collapsing.

Sleaker•10m ago
I think the damage/risk here isn't explicitly about exfiltration, but could also just be damage/harm to the organization through re-writing content in documents.
RaSoJo•40m ago
Oh but for an alternative to Excel

Purged I would have

All things Microsoft from my (controllable) world

rnd0•11m ago
I'm a simple user so libreoffice (Calcs, in this case) suits my needs -but I'm also not using it for work, either.
asdff•9m ago
R
idiotsecant•34m ago
LLMs should be viewed with the same terror as a reckless toddler who knows some bash syntax. Deeply embedding them into important and privileged systems will be the end of us.
utopiah•30m ago
3 months from first contact to... nothing. Surely those big corps peddling AI dev can't be taken seriously.
Canopy9560•22m ago
Microsoft, and MSRC in particular, have been hands-on and very responsive from the get-go. I think this problem is better viewed as a current LLM technology problem in general. Several mitigations have already been implemented that dramatically reduce the attack surface and propagation frequency. However, in general I think this is a real problem with no real solution yet.
nottorp•26m ago
By the way, this is the method that uni professors have been using to catch students using LLMs to do homework.

Paste any document in any LLM and you'll risk that, it's not something Microsoft specific.

Canopy9560•21m ago
That is correct. Really, the only "new" thing is the propagation part
dev_l1x_be•21m ago
I am wondering when the whole Excel/Word universe is going to die. One can only hope.
averagjoe•14m ago
I'm a programmer and a web-based AI user, but I don't want AI running on my local machine in any form. I've uninstalled Copilot and disabled AI in all local applications including the browser itself for exactly the reason described in this article. There's no way to protect your data from such an AI confusion attack by design. AI cannot discern your prompts versus text in file. The fact that an AI enabled word processor or email app could follow instructions embedded in a run-of-the-mill document or email is insane. Switching to Linux, BSD or another open source operating system is the only real solution to this problem.
piker•11m ago
White text still works!

There are many approaches today. Check out https://tritium.legal/blog/noroboto where we tricked frontier algorithms into reading different Unicode values from those presented by the fonts in the document.

josefritzishere•3m ago
It's increasingly clear that AI needs to be heavily regulated to be safe for public use. It needs to grow out of it's "wild west" model.
an0malous•27m ago
No it’s not an example of that. Do you store components in your component state?
cj•18m ago
He probably means JSX mixing HTML with Javascript...

function Greeting({ name }) { return <h1>Hello, {name}</h1>; }

TeMPOraL•10m ago
You just did that in a HN comment, yet nothing happened :).

Could it be that the whole idea is silly misunderstanding of fundamental tenets of reality in the first place?

dev_l1x_be•18m ago
There are so many better alternatives but it seems many people really like Word for some weird reason. The last time I cared I had to look up how to make a document starting the page numbering on the 2nd page. It turns out there are totally different ways between different versions of Word. shrug.jpg
TeMPOraL•16m ago
Separation of instructions and data is artificial. Reality has no such separation. A general purpose system needs not to have them either; it's a design feature, not a bug.

People get too hung up on this fundamentally wrong idea, and the space of security, instead of progressing, is just running in circles like a headless chicken, making a mess of everything.

yoz-y•8m ago
Only in systems that need to be themselves super generalist. Which is almost never the case.
TeMPOraL•8m ago
LLMs are.
jclulow•7m ago
Literally all of software is artificial? Being explicit and reasoned about how you choose to allow or deny a particular computation is, surely, at the heart of a lot of computer security?
KolibriFly•2m ago
With that logic you could call SQL injections a natural feature of database management systems. If a general purpose system starts dropping tables or messing up numbers in a report just because that string was in the text it read, that system isnt worth a damn in the enterprise sector
veganmosfet•27m ago
Indeed - but some models are more robust than others. I tried to make Opus-5 execute hidden instructions embedded a picture using steganography. It's very hard to find a reliable payload.
TeMPOraL•11m ago
Breaking just now:

- Erroneous information left in plain sight in an externally shared document could make Copilot - or any other agentic system, including LLMs and protein-based intelligence, alter drafted or edited documents in Word (or any other program, or with pen and paper) and propagate the errors to new documents.

In other news:

- Many humans still believe in silly superstitions like flat Earth or that code and data are fundamentally distinct, or that control vs. data plane is anything more than a design opinion that doesn't apply to the universe in general.

•
41m ago
Headers, footers, notes, comments, alt text, probably dozen of other features. Documents often are lot more than just markdown so properly to support everything you do have a lot of ways to hide text for various use cases.
quietbritishjim•5m ago
These are types of text that are, to some extent, effectively hidden. But I don't think that's what the article is talking about.

Word has a feature literally called "hidden text". Select some text, go to the font properties dialog, click "hidden" and OK, and watch the text disappear.

quietbritishjim•33m ago
Because, in the 1990s, you would print out your document before giving it to someone else to read. In those times, sometimes you'd want to include text in the document that shows while you're editing it (e.g. notes to yourself or draft text you might want to refer to later) but not when printed.

I believe you would see hidden text by default (but this was a long time ago and I may have misremembered) when in "normal mode" (later "draft mode" and now removed entirely), which was the default view and showed a long continuous stream of text without the computation expense of calculating page break locations. But when you switch to "print layout mode" (now the usual view unless you're in reading mode) it would be hidden, so you could see what the document would be like printed, unless you explicitly turned on the display of hidden text in that mode.

layer8•30m ago
As the sibling comments illustrate, “hidden text” isn’t well-defined, and it has legitimate purposes that end users consciously make use of. The AI needs access to it, for one because the user might actually want the AI to perform actions on the hidden text (not in the sense of following instructions stated in the hidden text, but in the sense of manipulating the hidden text as part of the document), and also because otherwise it might cause breakage in the document if the AI doesn’t consider the presence of the hidden text when manipulating the document.

What AI tools really need is reliable power-user levels of awareness about Word features, and corresponding structured access.