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54•DaSHacka•2h ago•39 comments

Airpass – easily overcome WiFi time limits

https://airpass.tiagoalves.me/
176•herbertl•3d ago•110 comments

Denmark's Archaeology Experiment Is Paying Off in Gold and Knowledge

https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/denmark-let-amateurs-dig-for-treasure-and-it-paid-off/
13•sohkamyung•3d ago•3 comments

Using Microsoft's New CLI Text Editor on Ubuntu

https://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2025/06/microsoft-edit-text-editor-ubuntu
173•jandeboevrie•3d ago•185 comments

Scaling our observability platform by embracing wide events and replacing OTel

https://clickhouse.com/blog/scaling-observability-beyond-100pb-wide-events-replacing-otel
151•valyala•10h ago•58 comments

Tell HN: Beware confidentiality agreements that act as lifetime non competes

94•throwarayes•3h ago•39 comments

AllTracker: Efficient Dense Point Tracking at High Resolution

https://alltracker.github.io/
10•lnyan•2h ago•1 comments

Delta Chat is a decentralized and secure messenger app

https://delta.chat/en/
198•Bluestein•13h ago•99 comments

Samsung embeds IronSource spyware app on phones across WANA

https://smex.org/open-letter-to-samsung-end-forced-israeli-app-installations-in-the-wana-region/
618•the-anarchist•16h ago•370 comments

Weave (YC W25) is hiring a founding AI engineer

https://www.ycombinator.com/companies/weave-3/jobs/SqFnIFE-founding-ai-engineer
1•adchurch•2h ago

Balatro for the Nintendo E-Reader

https://mattgreer.dev/blog/balatro-for-the-nintendo-ereader/
28•arantius•2h ago•8 comments

ARIA, the UK's Bet to Build Scientific Revolutions

https://www.asimov.press/p/aria
10•almost-exactly•3h ago•0 comments

Show HN: OSAI-Browser – A P2P Browser for Web3 and HTML Games

5•EvoSync•6h ago•3 comments

Microsoft suspended the email account of an ICC prosecutor at The Hague

https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/20/technology/us-tech-europe-microsoft-trump-icc.html
359•blinding-streak•7h ago•195 comments

Behind the scenes: Redpanda Cloud's response to the GCP outage

https://www.redpanda.com/blog/gcp-outage-june-redpanda-cloud
69•eatonphil•4h ago•29 comments

Phoenix.new – Remote AI Runtime for Phoenix

https://fly.io/blog/phoenix-new-the-remote-ai-runtime/
519•wut42•1d ago•234 comments

YouTube's new anti-adblock measures

https://iter.ca/post/yt-adblock/
805•smitop•1d ago•1132 comments

Harper – an open-source alternative to Grammarly

https://writewithharper.com
514•ReadCarlBarks•23h ago•143 comments

Show HN: MMOndrian

https://mmondrian.com/
28•neural_thing•9h ago•16 comments

'Gwada negative': French scientists find new blood type in woman

https://www.lemonde.fr/en/science/article/2025/06/21/gwada-negative-french-scientists-find-new-blood-type-in-woman_6742577_10.html
113•spidersouris•12h ago•54 comments

Show HN: lambda-nat-proxy – Serverless proxy using Lambda and UDP NAT punching

https://github.com/dan-v/lambda-nat-proxy
12•danvittegleo•4d ago•3 comments

AbsenceBench: Language models can't tell what's missing

https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.11440
292•JnBrymn•21h ago•74 comments

The Nyanja new PC-Engine/TurboGrafx 16-bit console game in development

https://sarupro.itch.io/thenyanja
11•retro_guy•2d ago•0 comments

Plastic bag bans and fees reduce harmful bag litter on shorelines

https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adp9274
195•miles•20h ago•122 comments

Life as Slime

https://www.asimov.press/p/slime
44•surprisetalk•4d ago•24 comments

Captain Cook's missing ship found after sinking 250 years ago

https://www.independent.co.uk/news/science/captain-cook-missing-ship-found-hms-endeavour-b2771322.html
132•rmason•3d ago•40 comments

AI Is Ushering in the 'Tiny Team' Era in Silicon Valley

https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2025-06-20/ai-is-ushering-in-the-tiny-team-era-in-silicon-valley
17•kjhughes•1h ago•14 comments

Unexpected security footguns in Go's parsers

https://blog.trailofbits.com/2025/06/17/unexpected-security-footguns-in-gos-parsers/
148•ingve•3d ago•84 comments

Visualizing environmental costs of war in Hayao Miyazaki's Nausicaä

https://jgeekstudies.org/2025/06/20/wilted-lands-and-wounded-worlds-visualizing-environmental-costs-of-war-in-hayao-miyazakis-nausicaa-of-the-valley-of-the-wind/
243•zdw•1d ago•64 comments

Cosmoe: BeOS Class Library on Top of Wayland

https://cosmoe.org/index.html
151•Bogdanp•10h ago•58 comments
Open in hackernews

Airpass – easily overcome WiFi time limits

https://airpass.tiagoalves.me/
175•herbertl•3d ago

Comments

cactusplant7374•4h ago
Doesn't Mac already have this with rotating MAC addresses? I also ran into an access point that detected this and required me to turn it off to continue.
myself248•4h ago
I wonder how it detected it. Perhaps the randomly-generated ones are mostly in invalid/unassigned MAC space?
jasongill•3h ago
There is a "local bit" in MAC addresses per RFC 7042, so MAC addresses that have their second character as E, A, 2 or 6 are "local" which effectively means "randomly selected by software". So my current macOS selected MAC address of 16:6a:d2:20:e6:eb is "local" due to the second digit in the address being 6
boston_clone•3h ago
I had no idea about this; generally i thought it was done by OUI like the GP suggested - they have a small cached table of valid OUIs and warn on prefixes not in that subset. Thanks for sharing!
bapak•3h ago
Oof, I wonder if this is the reason why I constantly have issues with my M1 Mac connecting to cafe hotspots. Regularly I find places that let me connect and then kick me off less than a minute later.
classichasclass•4h ago
Alternatively, if you don't want to run the whole Electron app, the money is this line:

  sudo.exec("/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Apple80211.framework/Versions/Current/Resources/airport en0 -z && ifconfig en0 ether `openssl rand -hex 6 | sed 's/\(..\)/\1:/g; s/.$//'`",
rafram•4h ago
Why does a Mac-only app that shows a menu bar icon and a notification popup need to be Electron…? That’s 30 lines of Swift, max.
ajsnigrutin•3h ago
1) the dev only had a hammer and he nailed the screw in

2) the dev has 64gigs of ram and a newest CPU and doesn't care about performance issues for people on older computers... that's why you need gigs of ram just to read a weather report online.

outofpaper•3h ago
People forget to think about Swift let alone tools like Platypus.
encom•3h ago
Because that's all anyone knows, and PC development is dead.

>content-length: 47262814

Sigh...

SR2Z•2h ago
If you want a frontend for you app, you probably just use Electron and get it over with in a few minutes instead of digging through the docs for Qt or some other framework.

Is it worth it? Probably not, since this is a single-platform app to start with, but JS+HTML are easy to theme and customize, and Qt is... not quite as simple.

juancroldan•2h ago
Now that you can build such an app with AI in under 20 minutes with a manageable codebase you can properly understand and control, I don't think that's a good excuse anymore
paxys•2h ago
> with a manageable codebase you can properly understand and control

Yeah, that definitely describes every AI codebase I have seen..

whatevaa•2h ago
If you don't know the language, how can you properly understand and control it?
therein•2h ago
In 2025 you unfortunately just vibe with the code nowadays.
rafram•2h ago
Where did you get Qt from? This is, again, a Mac-only app that doesn’t even have any windows. It’s just a menu bar icon and a notification. That’s incredibly simple to build with plain old Cocoa and Swift.
righthand•2h ago
No one has to dig through electron docs though right? There is nothing simple about an electron app regardless how little logic you personally programmed on top of it.
jeroenhd•2h ago
If you don't know Swift, but do know Electron, it's easier to do it in 30 lines of Javascript.

People who don't like the developers work can always write and publish their own application, of course.

whatevaa•2h ago
It's hard work writing free stuff for others, much easier to criticise stuff instead of getting your hands dirty.
palata•2h ago
Electron is an overkill way to not have to learn how to do stuff properly, if you ask me. And people love not to learn.
WJW•1h ago
Send in a PR then?
WJW•1h ago
Talk is cheap. If it's so easy, I'm sure the author would welcome a PR :)
CamperBob2•44m ago
I mean, these days, you ask an LLM and it spits out code that will, for something this simple, probably work the first time.
thisislife2•50m ago
It doesn't need to be - on macOS, it could even just as well have been a simple Xbar Plug-In! ( https://xbarapp.com/ ).
rafram•5m ago
Or Alfred script, Raycast plugin, Shortcuts shortcut, shell alias, and the list goes on. There are a lot of decent options; "50+ MB Electron app" is, in my opinion, not one.
Alifatisk•3h ago
I feel like using Electron for such a little thing is way overkill. The newer laptops are very powerful so I don't think anyone would have any performance issues, but on older macbooks, having too many little Electron apps running in the background makes the fan go brrrrrrrr
hk1337•3h ago
What exactly is that doing? Is there some backend limitation for WiFi interfaces that making it think it’s Ethernet is faster?
sodality2•3h ago
It just resets the MAC address, making the router believe it's a new device, thus not subject to the "x minute" free WiFi.
dizhn•2h ago
That won't circumvent the sms code requirement most free wifi services use.
catlifeonmars•2h ago
I have never seen this before
popularonion•1h ago
Never seen it in the US, but it was fairly common when I was on vacation in Europe
dizhn•1h ago
There's at least one country with laws that say you have to keep track of national ID numbers (and times) if you want to provide wifi service.
rafram•7m ago
It's required by law in some countries, and it leads to some very funny chicken-and-egg situations with airport WiFi.

Istanbul Airport added a workaround: a physical passport scanner that stores your info and generates a code as an alternative to SMS verification. The whole thing just feels like a VPN ad.

rs186•1h ago
I think they are extremely rare, and I would rather just use my mobile data instead of giving them my phone number.

Definitely does not happen on "free trials" on in-flight Wi-Fi for obvious reasons.

dizhn•7m ago
A now deleted comment reminded me that this is mostly for in-flight wifi where it makes much more sense. Mostly no SMS there either.
paxys•2h ago
200 bytes for the business logic.

47MB for the UI & boilerplate around the business logic.

I get that this may be the easiest way to develop and publish an application today, but it's sad that this is the direction we have taken in recent years.

aeonik•2h ago
Modern app bloat in one analogy:

Business logic size: ~20 bytes Total app size: ~47 MB = 47,000,000 bytes

Bloat factor: 47,000,000 / 20 = 2,350,000

Let’s scale this up and say the business logic is 1 pound.

Then the whole app would weigh: 1 lb × 2,350,000 = 2,350,000 pounds

What weighs ~2.35 million pounds?

   - A fully loaded Boeing 747-8: ~987,000 lbs  
   - Another fully loaded 747-8: ~987,000 lbs  
   - A blue whale: ~330,000 lbs  
TOTAL: ~2,304,000 lbs

The business logic is like shipping a 1 lb object (a book, a flash drive, whatever) by loading it into two fully loaded 747s and strapping a blue whale on top.

Just to run 20 bytes of logic.

WD-42•2h ago
This is a cool visualization, thanks.
aquafox•1h ago
On a related note: Transporting a human in a car is (in relation to weight and size) like using a standard shopping cart to transport two 1L bottles of water. So the next time you walk through a pedestrian area, imagine everyone carrying a bag would use a shopping cart instead. That would be a huge traffic jam -- exactly like what you see on the road!
WD-42•53m ago
I've been pretty aware of this ever since I became a cyclist. I will ride down to the corner store to pick up a six pack and some chips, throw them in a backpack and ride back. It's easy. I see people driving their cars to do the same thing. All that weight and space for a 6 bottles of beer. There is massive waste all around us.
lostlogin•8m ago
There is also the time component. Off peak and with a decent sized backpack (change of clothes, laptop, food etc) it takes me the same time to go 6km as it does to drive it.

At peak it’s 1/4 to 1/3rd the time.

Cars are slow around town.

sheepscreek•14m ago
I like your username, and what happened to WD-41?
paxcoder•1h ago
While I appreciate criticizing bloat (why are we packing Chromium in every app again?), I would like to warn against watching every "pound". Images, for example, "weigh" a lot more than code but that doesn't mean they don't serve a purpose and add value.

That being said, the fact that quick maths can give you a 6 orders of magnitude difference between functional code and the package is probably reason for concern.

anon7000•1h ago
Well, if you COULD ship something across the world on a private 747 with extra features to protect your cargo, and it has nearly no environmental downside and has no meaningful downside vs a smaller airplane… you’d probably do it! There’s no incentive in software to get a smaller, more efficient plane, and plenty of incentive to use the big thing for free that has all the extra features
dented42•1h ago
That analogy doesn’t really work here. Because there is a downside. It’s slow, takes up a ton of memory, lots of disk space…

When you have so many processes on a modern machine competing for resources, when every app chooses to be bloated and slow it really adds up.

dtech•44m ago
That is more a tragedy of the commons thing. For each individual app the comparison holds true
kulahan•28m ago
Tragedy of the commons or just a really bad industry?
IgorPartola•20m ago
And since we do have app stores as gate keepers, this could easily be remedied by the app stores. They wouldn’t even have to penalize you. Just put a score on there for app size (and app responsiveness) compared to the median in that category. Put this near the star rating from the reviews. Executives don’t generally care that you as an engineer want to reduce an app size by 10% but they really really care about how the app looks on the app stores because that’s what they show to people and what they are judged on.
leptons•31m ago
It doesn't "take up a ton of memory" and if you think 47MB is "a lot of disk space" then maybe you need a bigger disk. Most laptops have at least 250GB, so this program would take up about 0.0188% of disk space, which is frankly not a lot. I had PDF files way larger than that. And you only need to run it once, you do not need to keep it loaded and running all the time, so it doesn't "take up a ton of memory".
lostlogin•4m ago
This is how we have ended up with huge cars and huge houses etc. Storing huge volumes of unneeded junk isn’t solved by have more space. Store less junk.
GTP•29m ago
> it has nearly no environmental downside and has no meaningful downside

I think this is not the case. E.g., we replace our computers every few years, but not because the new ones can do things that you can't do with your current computer. It's because the software you use to do the same things keeps getting more resource-hungry.

lostlogin•6m ago
> Well, if you COULD ship something across the world on a private 747 with extra features to protect your cargo

Qatar might even give you a plane!

jofla_net•1h ago
says more about sociology, really.
righthand•2h ago
It’s not the easiest way just the most evangelized. A Qt app even would be a few lines of code, but we’ve done a good job scaring people that learning other languages is bad because we can’t ship features fast enough with non-evangelized frameworks.
mistercow•2h ago
I keep thinking that this could be solved by just building Electron into the OS as a shared framework so we don't have to have a separate copy for every app, but the more I dig into it, the more I realize I'm just reinventing the web browser.
mixmastamyk•1h ago
Tauri: https://tauri.app/
paxys•1h ago
You are describing PWAs, but they'll never have the same API access & permissions as a native app.
thisislife2•54m ago
There is something called the "WebView" in all the major platforms. The idea is that it allows you to use the browser engine only for creating the UI. But people complain its not "enough" because it is not the same on all the platform (it is if you use it just for UI), restricts access to some browser APIs (ignoring the fact that the OS often offers the same, even and more APIs) and Javascript (a crappy language for creating software applications).
lxgr•2h ago
Wow, they optimized the minimal Electron app down to 47 MB?
CommenterPerson•1h ago
Are they doing something additional with the 47MB - 200 bytes? Like selling you to the brokers?
WJW•1h ago
Not even. It's just overhead.
ryandrake•1h ago
I so strongly wish more developers gave even a single shit about this. The current state of desktop app development is truly an embarrassment.
dbalatero•1h ago
To be fair, the author didn't make this to impress people with byte optimizations, they probably just wanted to publish an app quickly that is useful, and was familiar enough with Electron or JS to do so.
thwarted•59m ago
Those who don't learn /usr/bin are destined to reinvent it, poorly.
tomrod•49m ago
What does this mean? I've always understood /usr/bin to be the storage dump for system binaries. Do you see or use it another way?
GTP•23m ago
They likely mean that you already have in there all what is needed to change your laptop WiFi card's MAC address, without needing an additional application.
unixhero•22m ago
Yes but you need a space station OS (Unix) to enjoy the terseness of 47-200 bytes of business logic.

ps: I love both space stations and Unix

virtualritz•2h ago
And you could ask an LLM to whip up the Swift code or whatever to wrap this line into a Dock app etc., if you want that convenience.
cozzyd•2h ago
the hilarious thing is it shells out for the random mac...
tommoor•2h ago
Nice, added it as a bash alias.

    alias randommac='sudo /System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Apple80211.framework/Versions/Current/Resources/airport en0 -z && sudo ifconfig en0 ether $(openssl rand -hex 6 | sed "s/../&:/g; s/:$//")'
commandersaki•1h ago
So I tried this out on macOS 26 and the `airport` command is no longer there.

There is a `airportd.sb` file, which appears to be some permissions based thing in s-expression/LISP. Weird.

Edit: Spun up a macOS 15 VM and I got this:

WARNING: The airport command line tool is deprecated and will be removed in a future release. For diagnosing Wi-Fi related issues, use the Wireless Diagnostics app or wdutil command line tool.

I guess they weren't kidding.

bc569a80a344f9c•25m ago
Looking around briefly, you can replace it with this:

`networksetup -setairportpower en0 on && [... set MAC ...] && networksetup -setairportpower en0 off`

I think it's pretty safe to assume that modern Macs will always have en0 as the WiFi adapter, but if you wanted, you could use `networksetup -listnetworkserviceorder` to find the associated device.

avidiax•4h ago
I feel this would be more useful as a utility to manage your MAC addresses.

That would let you, for example, clone a MAC address or IP address between your computer and a phone, and maybe automatically resolve contention.

That way, you can split purchased WiFi (such as on a plane) between multiple devices.

ndgold•4h ago
Nice little helper friend
kazinator•4h ago
This has been an option in Android network settings forever: randomize your MAC. I think it's enabled by default now? It's a basic privacy feature; you can be fingerprinted by your device's MAC.
netsharc•3h ago
It's also in the Apple devices, you just have to "forget network" and reconnect for the device to tell the network of its new fake MAC address.
NoahZuniga•3h ago
No, this setting randomizes your MAC address between networks, but you keep the same MAC for a specific network. So if you want the network to think you're a new user, you'll need to change this specific network MAC address, and this isn't a setting enabled by default (and oftentimes is not even a setting)
khimaros•2h ago
GrapheneOS has per-connection (as an alternative to per-network) randomization which is enabled by default
rahimnathwani•1h ago
Android 11 or later allows the choice in Developer Options.
jck•3h ago
Yep. Android does this by default, but each ssid gets a randomized MAC which persists. It is still straightforward to trigger a MAC change manually tho. It is useful for privacy but imo useless for the public wifi limits use case since they almost always require an OTP via SMS to log in.
hhh•3h ago
you have both options in ios/macos, fixed random mac per ssid, and rotating
rahimnathwani•1h ago

  For devices running Android 11 or higher, users can enable non-persistent MAC randomization globally for all Wi-Fi networks (that have MAC randomization enabled) through the developer options screen. The option to enable non-persistent MAC randomization for all profiles is found at Settings > Developer Options > Wi-Fi non-persistent MAC randomization.
matsemann•1h ago
Could you describe how? Quick searching doesn't show it to be "straightforward" as far as I can find.
alt227•15m ago
How does that work with MAC address conflicts and clashes? I naively thought every MAC address had to be unique.
diggan•3m ago
There are like 50 trillion possible addresses, unlikely to clash in one network :)
ammar2•4h ago
Glad this feature is built into most modern operating systems these days.

For MacOS (Sequoia+) you can just forget the network and reconnect to get a new MAC address [1].

Android's documentation for if it decides to generate a new address per connection is a little vague [2], but I'm guessing forgetting and reconnecting works as well, you may also need to flip the "Wi-Fi non-persistent MAC randomization" bit in developer settings.

On Windows, flipping the "Random hardware address" switch seems to cause it to generate a new seed/address for me.

[1] https://support.apple.com/en-euro/102509

[2] https://source.android.com/docs/core/connect/wifi-mac-random...

bapak•3h ago
I think the rotating address is limited to 3, right? The script here generates one at random.
km3r•2h ago
Yeah I had to flip the developer setting toggle, but worked flawlessly for my flight (American Airlines has a watch an ad for 20 minutes of free internet that only works once per MAC)
lxgr•1h ago
Per [1], this only works once per 24 hours on new iOS/macOS versions, and only once per two weeks on older ones though.
glerk•3h ago
Alternatively, disconnect from the wifi, use this command and reconnect:

sudo ifconfig en0 ether 02:11:22:33:44:55

Just ran into this on icelandair.

pcl•2h ago
That’ll buy you one new turn of the crank; you’ll need to change numbers once every expiration period.
glerk•2h ago
Pretty sure the electron app has the same limitation (popover notification says “join the network again for free wifi”, besides you wouldn’t be able to change the mac address if the network interface were actively in use)
boston_clone•3h ago
Can you not manually set your MAC address in the network configuration portion of macOS settings anymore? Does this not accomplish that same task, just with an abstracted layer of “randomness” for address generation? Another commenter already de-bloated the entire application into a bash one-liner
crustycoder•3h ago
On android it can be toggled on If Developer Options are enabled.
o_____________o•3h ago
Alternatively for Mac,

https://github.com/halo/LinkLiar

visiondude•2h ago
^ seems like the way to go. open source and more features.
mannyv•3h ago
If you really want to screw with these set your MAC address to 00:00:00:00:00:00

It’s an illegal address, but most equipment will take it because test devices occasionally come from the factory with that MAC. But higher level stuff might barf on it because it’s technically illegal.

polivier•2h ago
On Linux you can use `macchanger` to change your MAC address from the terminal.
purplehat_•2h ago
Here's an equivalent little script for Debian Linux (but should work on most distros), based on classhasclass's comment:

  NEW_MAC=$(printf '02:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x\n' $((RANDOM%256)) $((RANDOM%256)) $((RANDOM%256)) $((RANDOM%256)) $((RANDOM%256)))

  sudo ip link set wlan0 down

  sudo ip link set wlan0 address "$NEW_MAC"

  sudo ip link set wlan0 up
You should replace `wlan0` with whatever you see in `ip link show` for your wireless interface, for me it is `wlp0s20f3`. I replaced the `openssl rand` command because it was generating some invalid MACs; this is hopefully only valid ones.
righthand•2h ago
KDE Plasma has a “Random” button next to the MAC address field in the Network Manager UI. I’m on Debian Testing so not sure when it was added.
netik•2h ago
The trivial defense against this is time limited passwords for Wifi access. Deny all access until a valid password is entered, only permit that password and MAC address pair for n minutes.

Buy a coffee, get a new password, etc.

pimlottc•1h ago
On a technical level it’s trivial, but you’re taking about having a shop replace their wifi router and/or update firmware, create some way for staff to see the current password and/or integrate with POS systems to print it on the receipt, update signage, etc. Hardly trivial for the average non-techie business owner.
reaperducer•1h ago
So "trivial" that this is how it was done years ago, but then coffee shops gave up on it because it turned it not to be so trivial after all.

Their employees' time is more effectively spent making coffee than repeatedly providing low-level tech support for random password problems.

nixpulvis•1h ago
I used to use this little macOS script at coffee shops.

https://gist.github.com/nixpulvis/d83c0ae70a4c3a06797b

deadbabe•1h ago
This is so unethical and no one gives a fuck, society crumbles when people just feel entitled to take more than their fair share.
chrisfosterelli•1h ago
This is hacker news. Hacker ethos is rooted in the intellectual challenge of overcoming software systems and electronic hardware. It's the same ethos that stole long distance phone minutes, traded warez, and got free satellite channels. You don't have to do those things but you probably won't convince those who do that their 20 extra minutes of wifi will be the downfall of society.
vachina•1h ago
I used to strap 20 virtual eths to my Linux box because my dorm gave only like 512kbps per account, and then aggregated the 20 interfaces.
xrisk•34m ago
How was the auth done? And for that matter what logic did the traffic shaping use?
deanc•28m ago
A few years ago I saw a tip somewhere here on how to scan which MAC addresses are connected to nearby wifi and hijack their mac address and steal their internet connection.
balls187•2m ago
Haven’t ever encountered any place that had a wifi time limit. In the late 2000’s internet cafes had time limits but that was enforced on their own devices.

Is there a specific scenario where time limited wifi is common place?