their only leg up in 1st world countries was largely going around any laws governing taxis

Counterpoint : in Portugal they are regulated under TVDE, and Uber is competitive with Bolt

Even in countries where taxis are regulated, sometimes Uber is more expensive but safer. Like in Romania. When I used to go there a lot the official taxis were mandated to offer such low standardized rates that there was a lot of scamming going on. One of my colleagues was basically abducted by a taxi driver (taken to a dangerous gypsy area and told they would kick him out of the car unless he paid them hundreds of euro). Uber was a lot safer because you have tracability on the driver, but more expensive too. And there weren't a lot of them.

There were ways to get safe drivers in some cases by booking them through the yellow machines. But in the end the company hired private drivers for us. Though personally I would just use the metro and tram a lot too :P If you know where you're going it's not a dangerous place.

Not sure if the taxi situation is still as bad there by the way. I would hope not.

Its not that much. And you can just bypass it by accepting the first offer you get